Olfen
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
|---|---|---|
|
Coordinates: 51 ° 43 ' N , 7 ° 23' E |
|
| Basic data | ||
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Administrative region : | Muenster | |
| Circle : | Coesfeld | |
| Height : | 48 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 52.43 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 12,923 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 246 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 59399 | |
| Primaries : | 02595, 02592 | |
| License plate : | COE, LH | |
| Community key : | 05 5 58 036 | |
| LOCODE : | DE OLW | |
City administration address : |
Kirchstrasse 5 59399 Olfen |
|
| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Wilhelm Sendermann ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Olfen in the Coesfeld district | ||
  |
||
Olfen ( Low German Ollfen ) is a small town in North Rhine-Westphalia in the Coesfeld district . It belongs to the administrative district of Münster .
geography
_und_Bauerschaften_(orange)_von_Olfen.png)
location
The city is located in the western Münsterland about 33 kilometers (as the crow flies) southwest of Münster on the eastern edge of the Hohe Mark-Westmünsterland Nature Park . While the Stever flows directly past the city, the new route of the Dortmund-Ems Canal runs about two kilometers further east and the Lippe about five kilometers south. The lip is formed between (Olfen-) Eversum and ( dates -) Ahsen also the boundary between the circles Coesfeld and Recklinghausen . The border to the Unna district runs southeast along the Lippe and east behind the Dortmund-Ems Canal.
Neighboring communities
The neighboring communities of Olfen, starting in the north and moving clockwise, are Lüdinghausen , Selm , Datteln and Haltern am See .
City structure
Olfen is not officially divided into several city districts or districts. In addition to the actual city, however, there is a second, spatially clearly separated district with Vinnum, which belonged to the former parish of Olfen. The population of Vinnum is around 1000.
To town Olfen include several farming communities : Eversum, Kökelsum Benthof, Sülsen, Rechede and which belongs to the district of the same name Vinnum peasantry.
history
The Olfen district was already a settlement area in prehistoric times : In 2008, during construction work to establish a natural swimming pool, a burial ground from the Bronze and Iron Ages was discovered. Traces of settlement are documented from the Neolithic to the Middle Ages .
In October 2011, a Roman military camp from around 10 BC was established near Olfen . Dug up; More than a hundred years ago, a Roman bronze helmet was found in the Lippe in Olfen . But only the discovery of copper coins in a field and the subsequent test excavations, during which ceramics, more than a hundred coins and dress needles were found, as well as a ditch and traces of a wooden wall, brought the breakthrough: The over 5 hectare winter-proof facility of the Roman camp in Olfen falls at the beginning of the Roman occupation of Germania on the right side of the Rhine and was used in the time of the Drusus campaigns ; it served the Romans from 11 to 7 BC. BC as a defense and supply warehouse as well as to control the Lippe river crossing, making it one of the most important logistical landmarks of the Roman attempts at conquest north of the Alps .
Surname
Wolfhelm , Bishop of Münster , who owned the Oberhof Ulfloa and who donated all of his Olfen property to the Werden monastery in 889 , gave the town its name. After the settlement of tradespeople and craftsmen, Olfen initially flourished with the expansion of long-distance trade on the Rheinische Strasse ( B 235 ) and developed into a town of minor law that had around 500 inhabitants around 1500. In the following centuries, however, the citizens of Olfen primarily had to contend with the consequences of historical events. Against the background of the Spanish-Dutch War in the Münsterland, a trench wall system was built around 1600, which the citizens of Olfen built on their own initiative to protect themselves from robbery and looting.
Epidemics and bad harvests, tax burdens and the passing of the war people paralyzed the further rise of the city. It was not until the 19th century, through profound social and economic changes, and with the industrial revolution, that Olfen also received new opportunities. The fire disaster of August 31, 1857, in which a person was killed and 142 houses were destroyed, went down in Olfen history as "The Great Fire of Olfen".
Incorporations
On January 1, 1975, as part of the regional reform in North Rhine-Westphalia, the parish of parish Olfen was incorporated into the city.
politics
City council
In the local elections on May 25, 2014 , the following parties were able to move into the city council (seats in brackets in the 2009 election):
Results of the local elections from 1975
Only parties and voter communities that received at least 1.95 percent of the votes in the respective election are shown in the list.
| year | CDU | SPD | UWG | FDP | Green |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1975 | 73.2 | 26.8 | |||
| 1979 | 64.6 | 31.2 | 4.2 | ||
| 1984 | 59.5 | 26.8 | 4.0 | 9.7 | |
| 1989 | 60.4 | 30.4 | 9.1 | ||
| 1994 | 57.1 | 34.3 | 8.6 | ||
| 1999 | 64.4 | 15.8 | 10.1 | 5.9 | 3.8 |
| 2004 | 59.8 | 17.7 | 13.0 | 9.5 | |
| 2009 | 66.5 | 14.9 | 8.6 | 9.9 | |
| 2014 | 64.7 | 19.6 | 10.8 | 4.9 |
mayor
In September 2015 Wilhelm Sendermann (CDU) was elected as the new mayor. Without an opponent, he got 87.4% of all votes cast. There were 11.1% no votes and 1.5% invalid votes. The turnout was 41.7 percent. The predecessor in office was Josef Himmelmann (CDU).
Town twinning
Officially, Olfen does not have any town twinning.Instead, there was a partnership between 1967 and 2002 with the staff battery of the 7th Artillery Regiment stationed in Dülmen .
Also connects Olfen with the French village Velesmes a friendship which is based from the history: In 1944, the native of Olfen pastor prevented Heinrich Niewind the destruction of the village by the military police of the armed forces .
coat of arms
The coat of arms was approved on November 6, 1967. After the regional reform, it was re-adopted on May 23, 1975 by the council of the new city of Olfen, which was formed from the former municipalities of the city and parish of Olfen.
Blazon : “In gold a red bar, above it a large red 'W'; underneath a big red 'O'. "
The additional characters stand for "Wigbold Olfen". The seal from 1702 showed the pen shield in baroque form with St. Vitus as the shield holder, baroque ingredients (palm fronds) and the construction symbols W - O.
Olfen's becoming a town dates back to 1589, a time when villages were elevated to freedom or wigbold through privileges , which differed from the flat country through individual special rights. Olfen received the city court in 1600. A seal inscription with the letters W - O is proven up to the year 1593. The original gold-red-gold version of the coat of arms was adopted by the bishopric of Münster . The latter had taken over the coat of arms due to the transfer of the Dreingaus in 1122 by the Counts of Cappenberg .
Culture and sights
Leisure and Tourism
- In May 2010, the Olfen natural swimming pool was opened on the edge of the Steverauen. The site offers 4.8 hectares of recreation and 1,400 m² of water.
- Well known beyond the region is Gut Eversum , a family park with numerous attractions.
Natural monuments
- The Steverauen have now become a landmark of Olfen. The city of Olfen has acquired several contiguous areas along the southern bank of the Stever from compensation areas and funds from the eco-account (from which compensation payments are made by the client, for example for building projects) . This strip, several kilometers long, is grazed by Heck cattle , Koniks and donkeys ( Poitou and Catalan giant donkeys ) and thus returned to a natural state. The areas are to be further expanded.
Buildings
- Sandfort Castle , a castle from the 16th century, which is still privately owned today. It can only be viewed from the outside.
- The Rauschenburg is a dilapidated moated castle in the Lippewiesen.
- The old journey of the Dortmund-Ems Canal. The old stretch from Datteln to the old harbor basin has been preserved from the canal . The rest of the dam has been partially removed. The still existing side of the dam is now used as a walking path and tree nature trail. Due to the height of the dam, it offers a good view of the city and the “Steverauen”. There are also three beautiful bridges with impressive architecture that have been preserved: the Alte Fahrt canal bridge over the Lippe, the Leaning Bridge over the Oststrasse and the canal bridge over the Stever . Up until 2010, a bobby car race was held annually on the canal sidewalk and the old harbor.
- The parish church of St. Vitus . From afar you can see the tower of the church, which is Olfen's landmark for a long time. Due to its massive construction, it stands out from the rest of the building fabric in the city. The church was built in 1888 by Hilger Hertel on the site of a smaller previous building from 1450. The church houses a baptismal font from the 15th century. Probably a holdover from the previous church. A Radiant Madonna from the 16th century can also be viewed there. The monument of Bishop Wolfhelm stands on the church square .
- The yellow house. A town house from the 19th century. Because of its yellow stucco facade called the "Yellow House". It used to be a butcher's shop and an inn. For a long time it served purely as a residential building. After it was bought by the city and served briefly as a temporary residence, the city completely renovated and refurbished the building. Today part of the city administration is housed in the house. It serves as the starting point for various hiking and cycling trails. The house can be found directly on the market square.
- Roman camp Olfen - discovered in 2010 and not yet fully developed site in the southwest of Olfen.
- The Kitt-Brunnen, a fountain near the church that refers to the long tradition of the Olfen Carnival . This fountain has a special feature. There is a beer dispenser in it. A barrel can be connected in a bottom flap. A tap can be screwed into the suitcase of "Johann", the prince's servant. The fountain can be transformed into a "beer fountain" on special occasions, such as carnival.
→ See also : List of architectural monuments in Olfen
theatre
- The Art and Culture Association (K. u. K. Olfen e.V.) organizes numerous exhibitions, theater and cabaret evenings in the so-called Olfonium.
music
- Music is played in numerous associations in the city (Spielmannszug, MGV Harmonia 1866 eV Olfen etc.).
- The Olfen Music School is part of the Lüdinghausen Music School District.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
_--_2016_--_3982-8.jpg)
- In Olfen, the B 236 (Selmer Straße) and the B 474 (Brunswicker Straße) end at the B 235 (Dattelner Straße and Lüdinghauser Straße).
- The western bypass K 9n was released in November 2011, so far it does not have an "official" name.
- The new Dortmund-Ems Canal runs in the eastern part of the city , remnants of the old Dortmund-Ems Canal (Alte Fahrt) run through the city and serve as a bike and walking path.
- The most important cycle routes in the Olfen city area are the 100-Schlösser-Route and the Römer-Lippe-Route . Both routes run directly through the dams.
- Olfen is not connected to the rail network. The nearest train stations are in Lüdinghausen and Selm on the Dortmund – Enschede railway line . The RVM buses provide local transport, which is supplemented by the citizen bus .
Infrastructure
- The Füchtelner Mühle on the Stever has been generating electricity from hydropower for many years .
- At the end of October 2007, Olfen's first wind turbine , an Enercon E-48 with a nominal output of 800 kilowatts , was installed in Rechede .
societies
In addition to the SuS Olfen (SuS = play and sport), which offers several leisure activities with many subgroups in numerous sports, value is also placed on social engagement in the Bosco Sevana association.
The carnival association "KITT" from 1834 e. V. regularly organizes a large carnival parade on Carnation Tuesday , which often attracts more than 20,000 spectators to the Steverstadt.
In the area of the city there are a total of four shooting clubs (Olfen, Kökelsum, Vinnum and Sülsen) that organize many activities in Olfen. The “Westfalia Vinnum” sports club is very active in the Vinnum district . There is also the very successful breeding, riding and driving club "Lützow" Selm-Bork-Olfen, which has its impressively beautiful and large facility in Vinnum. There has also been a carnival club in Vinnum since 2000. The VKK (Vinnumer Carnival Committee) organizes a large ceremonial meeting with up to 400 guests every year on Carnival Saturday.
In 2007, the DLRG Olfen and the Olfen Swimming Club are doing successful youth work in the municipal swimming pool .
The Citizens Bus Association Olfen e. V. organizes urban mobility under the motto "Citizens drive Citizens".
sons and daughters of the town
- Thomas Hoof (* 1948), founder of manufactum
- Heinrich Niewind (1911–1981), priest
- Heinrich Ostrop (1925–2015), German politician (CDU), member of the state parliament
- Günter Schlierkamp (* 1970), professional bodybuilder
- Heiner Wember (* 1959), German historian and journalist
- Annette Wittkamp-Fröhling (* 1946), sculptor
literature
- W. Frese (Ed.): Olfen. City history. Gütersloh 2011.
- Ludwig Pago: From the history of the cathedral capitular Oberhof Olfen . In: Geschichtsblätter des Kreis Coesfeld , Jg. 19 (1994), pp. 1–16.
- Ludwig Pago: “… a graft u. Wall in the group umb that Wibbolt raised… “An endless dispute about the fortification of the Wigbold Olfen (1592–1602) . In: Geschichtsblätter des Kreis Coesfeld , Vol. 24 (1999), pp. 39–53.
- Ludwig Pago: House of the lordship of Nordkirchen in Wigbold Olfen . In: Geschichtsblätter des Kreis Coesfeld , vol. 26 (2001), pp. 1-20.
- Peter Ilisch : Olfen (= Historical Atlas of Westphalian Cities Vol. 3; Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia, New Series, Vol. 19). Ardey-Verlag, Münster 2014, ISBN 978-3-87023-369-3 .
Web links
- Website of the city of Olfen
- Olfen in the Westphalia Culture Atlas
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ↑ Message on the website of the Landschaftsverband Westfalen-Lippe ( Memento of the original from March 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed October 26, 2011.
- ^ «Sensational find»: Roman camp closes the gap. In: Schwäbische Zeitung from October 25, 2011
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 314 .
- ↑ Directories of the results of the local elections for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia (LDS NRW) from 1975 to 2009
- ↑ Elective profile of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics NW ( Memento of the original from August 19, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Election results 1999 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 5.9 MB)
- ↑ 2004 election results ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 7.0 MB)
- ↑ Election results 2009 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 3.5 MB)
- ↑ Wilhelm Sendermann is the new mayor , Ruhrnachrichten from September 13, 2015
- ↑ http://www.wahlresults.nrw.de/kommunalwahlen/2015/aktuell/558036_KREISANGEHOERIGE_GEMEINDE_XML_DATA.html
- ↑ Steveraue grazing project on olfen.de
- ↑ http: //www.buergerbus-ölker.de/ Bürgerbus Olfen
