Vincenz Eduard Milde
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Vincenz Eduard Milde (also: Vinzenz Eduard Milde ; * May 11, 1777 in Brno ; † March 14, 1853 in Vienna ) was a teacher and from 1823 to 1832 Roman Catholic Bishop of Leitmeritz and from 1832 to 1853 Archbishop of Vienna .
Life
Vincenz Eduard Milde was the son of a Brno bookbinder. From 1788 to 1792 he attended high school in his hometown and then studied philosophy in Vienna and mathematics and physics in Olomouc . In 1794 he entered the seminary in Vienna . From 1798 he worked as a répétiteur for oriental languages at the theological faculty of the University of Vienna . In 1800 he was ordained a priest and in 1805 was appointed court chaplain. In 1806 he was appointed the first Austrian professor for educational sciences at the University of Vienna . For health reasons he renounced the teaching post in 1810. In the same year he became pastor of Wolfpassing , where he wrote the textbook on general education . In 1814 the emperor appointed him pastor and dean of Krems on the Danube and at the same time as the local school supervisor and head of the philosophical school run by the Piarist Order . He also became the honorary canon of St. Stephan in Vienna. In his new place of work he developed a rich educational activity in addition to pastoral care. In addition to promoting local church historiography, he also wrote instructions for prison chaplains.
After the resignation of the Leitmeritz bishop Josef Franz Hurdálek , Emperor Franz I nominated Vincenz Eduard Milde as his successor on January 16, 1823. The papal confirmation of May 6th of the same year was followed by the episcopal ordination by the Viennese auxiliary bishop Matthias Paulus Steindl on July 13th . During his tenure, Bishop Milde initiated numerous pastoral and organizational measures and worked to strengthen the order. Built from him Wiener seminary he conducted himself in the spirit of Austrian Catholic restoration. He was loyal to the absolutism pursued by the emperor and to the state church .
After the death of the Vienna Archbishop Leopold Maximilian von Firmian , Vincenz Eduard Milde was appointed his successor on October 27, 1831. The papal confirmation took place on March 19, 1832, the inauguration on May 31, 1832.
When the revolution of 1848/49 broke out , Archbishop Milde wrote a pastoral letter at the suggestion of the clergy. Probably because of his state church adjustment and his weakened health, he did not turn against the emerging anti-clericalism . Although large parts of the population demanded freedom of assembly and the freedom of the press, he forbade the clergy to assemble. At the same time he turned against the founding of Catholic associations as well as book and reading associations and against a new edition of the Vienna church newspaper . It was only at the insistence of the Archbishop of Salzburg, Friedrich zu Schwarzenberg , that he wrote a memorandum to the Austrian Reichstag in December 1848, in which attention was drawn to the ecclesiastical situation. In 1849 the Viennese nuncio Michele Viale-Prelà demanded the removal or resignation of the archbishop, but was unable to assert himself with the Austrian government.
Vincenz Eduard Milde did a great job in the educational field. He campaigned for the understanding treatment of young offenders and for the upbringing and instruction of the students in independent work. The scientific disciplines of curative , special and criminal education in Austria were founded by him. Significant impulses in social and religious education go back to him.
He was awarded the Grand Cross of the Leopold Order .
In 1884, Mildeplatz was named after him in Vienna- Ottakring (16th district) .
Works
- Textbook of general education for the use of public lectures. 2 volumes, Vienna 1811–1813.
- Textbook of general education in excerpt. As a guide for public lectures. 1821.
- Christian Catholic contemplations and prayers in the days of danger of Asiatic vomiting cholera morbus. Leitmeritz 1831.
- Feldzeugmeister Joseph Freiherr von Rath. Dresden 1852.
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Milde, Vincenz Eduard . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 18th part. Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Vienna 1868, pp. 301–308 ( digitized version ).
- Karl Werner : Milde, Vincenz Eduard . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1885, p. 741 f.
- Franz Loidl : Mild Vincent Eduard. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 293 f. (Direct links on p. 293 , p. 294 ).
- Franz Loidl: History of the Archdiocese of Vienna. Herold, Vienna 1983, ISBN 3-7008-0223-4 .
- Elisabeth Kovács: Milde, Vinzenz Eduard. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 17, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-428-00198-2 , pp. 506-508 ( digitized version ).
- Ines M. Breinbauer, Gerald Grimm, Martin Jäggle (Eds.): Milde revisited. Vincenz Eduard Milde's educational work from the perspective of modern educational science. LIT Verlag, Vienna 2006.
Web links
- Literature by and about Vincenz Eduard Milde in the catalog of the German National Library
- Entry on Vincenz Eduard Milde on catholic-hierarchy.org
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Leopold Maximilian von Firmian |
Archbishop of Vienna 1832–1853 |
Joseph Othmar von Rauscher |
Josef Franz Hurdálek |
Bishop of Leitmeritz 1823–1832 |
Augustin I. Bartolomäus Hille |
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Mild, Vincenz Eduard |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Milde, Vincent Eduard; Mild, Vincenc Eduard |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian educator; Bishop of Leitmeritz; Archbishop of Vienna |
DATE OF BIRTH | May 11, 1777 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Brno |
DATE OF DEATH | March 14, 1853 |
Place of death | Vienna |