Academic Society Stuttgardia Tübingen
The Akademische Gesellschaft Stuttgardia is a liberal student association at the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen .
- The society was constituted on November 30, 1869 in the Tübingen Konviktsmüllerei by seven young students, most of whom had graduated from high school in Stuttgart.
- It is a black connection, which means that the Stuttgart people assume that it is not necessary to wear colors as a commitment to their society. Regardless of that, she carries the colors of the city of Stuttgart . The flag shows the Stuttgart steed on a black and gold background.
- Their motto is: "universitas-virtus-gaudium".
- The scale system was rejected from the start. However, until its dissolution under the National Socialists, the Stuttgardia gave first conditional and later unconditional satisfaction . Since the end of the student duel after the Second World War , the Academic Society has not played a role.
- Society follows the principle of tolerance. Any student can become a member, regardless of political orientation, religion, nationality or gender.
The history of Stuttgardia since 1869 shows specific contributions made by this corporation to the history of the University of Tübingen and the development of southern German liberalism. Its purpose is to cultivate sociability and friendship, in the form of the bond of life. Stuttgardia did not commit itself to any other subject-related or interest-related values. Its program does not contain the preservation of the honor and fame of the fatherland or the realization of denominational, political or ideological ideas.
Founded in 1869
Stuttgardia was founded on November 30, 1869; At that time not yet under this name, as a group of friends of seven students, five of whom had graduated from high school in Stuttgart and who did not like the traditional student associations. On April 23, 1872, the Freundeskreis took on the name Stuttgardia. When it was founded, the Stuttgardia took over part of the student customs and culture that had developed in the student body as a social group since the late Middle Ages. This includes, for example, the pub, where entertainment, drinking and singing are maintained after a certain comment. The democratic convention principle also applies in the Stuttgardia. H. the convention decides on the affairs of society. Other parts of student customs, on the other hand, have not been introduced at Stuttgardia. This was especially true for the wearing of colors as well as the striking of defining lengths as a prerequisite for a final membership. However, the company gave satisfaction; initially to heavy weapons, later also to light weapons. Another principle of the corporation system, namely the division of the members into foxes and boys, was also adopted, but the provisional members, unlike other leagues, had largely the same rights as active fraternity.
The company soon established itself as a state-sponsored association of dignitaries. Johannes Haller , a historian at the University of Tübingen since 1913, said in his memoirs: “ The influence of some Tübingen student associations was unusual, compared to which the clique of the Corps in the Prussian administration, which was often called upon at the time, looked harmless. According to the widespread notion, which does not seem entirely wrong to me, in order to become a minister in Württemberg, one has to belong to the Tübingen Stuttgardia, a ministerial councilor of Germania. The lesson administration is shared by Normannia and the royal society Roigel ”. It is characteristic of Stuttgardia that in the course of its history it represented predominantly liberal ideas. Hans Wildermuth noted on the political stance of the Stuttgart: " A national liberal attitude was predominant, apart from a few outsiders ". The National Liberal Party, called the "German Party" in Württemberg, was the party of the educated and wealthy bourgeoisie. She emphasized national interests, but also advocated liberal rule of law ideas. Minister-President von Weizsäcker was one of them, Gustav Hauber was its deputy state chairman. “ It was the tradition of a fairly thin layer of the Swabian bourgeoisie, which one could perhaps best describe as the 'civil servant nobility', who, in contrast to the more petty-bourgeois and peasant recruiting layers of some other specifically Swabian connections, emphasized good social forms had their specific concept of honor and, without being party-political and without being narrow-minded, adhered to that moderate conservative-liberal line in their attitude to the state that naturally resulted for the higher officials of a constitutional monarchy with a strongly democratic influence. Unconditional loyalty to the king and national sentiments were a matter of course for us, based on the tacit social consensus of the class that supported us. “The tone of the members was not characterized by a cheekiness oriented towards the tone of the officers' casino, but by spirit, wit and originality. Hans Wildermuth wrote: “ Joke was very important, and everything, but also everything, was dragged in front of our laughing forum, certainly also things that one shouldn't laugh about. There was nothing we didn't think was ridiculous. “You didn't take yourself seriously either. In social life, all of this had severely damaged the "spirit of unity" praised in the covenant song, and on the other hand led to an inner superiority that had saved from the pathos of false prophets.
After the house of the winemaker Kocher had offered Stuttgarden quarters for years, in 1894 the opportunity to purchase the Österberg property with a view of the Neckar and the Swabian Alb was taken. Since it was initially assumed that the old Kocherhaus would survive for a few more years, it was decided to build a representative bar house on the western part of the property. However, after a few years it turned out that the old house was ailing and could no longer be renovated. It has become a popular joke by residents to make the house vibrate by skillfully shifting their weight and to simulate an earthquake for sleepers. The old people's association then decided to demolish both the residential building and the pub and to build a new connecting house. In 1906 the Stuttgart architect Richard Dollinger, who also built three further corporation houses in Tübingen, was commissioned to build an Art Nouveau villa. Since its completion in 1909, the Stuttgardia house, along with the Corps Borussia and Corps Franconia houses, has shaped the eastern cityscape of Tübingen on the Österberg. Possibly the company's Österber property was also the scene of Hermann Hesse's autobiographical tale “Das Presselsche Gartenhaus” in which he spent mild Tübingen summer nights with Goethe and Hölderlin .
The Stuttgardia stood in the middle of the colorful, multifaceted social life that characterized the small university town of Tübingen before the Second World War and that had a significance that is hardly imaginable today. There were the big beating corporations, the Christian leagues, there were colored associations and those without colors, associations with rich and poor, feudal and proletical, heavily and moderately drinking members. " All that sang, rambled, shouted, fought and drank together, gave up and gave up ". In this hustle and bustle, Stuttgardia tried to survive with its emphatically Württemberg, bourgeois, slightly elitist and above all witty style.
Stuttgardia in the Third Reich
In the early 1930s, the advocates of National Socialism outside and within the Stuttgardia increasingly opposed traditionally liberal values such as not wearing colors, rejecting the scale, the democratic convention principle and the admission of Jews. From 1933 onwards, only so-called Aryans could be accepted, but the “non - Aryan ” members remained fraternity members. A leader was set up to head the Presidium of Aktivitas and the Association of the Elderly; the Convention was hereby disempowered. In October 1933, Stuttgardia joined the Miltenberger Ring as the “Schwarzes Corps Stuttgardia zu Tübingen” . Stuttgardia now also fought determination gauges .
The situation for young people was bad and, as for all student associations, social life turned out to be extremely difficult, as the leader of the German student body thought about bringing the corporations into line and wanted to combine them into comradeships. In November 1935, students had to decide whether they wanted to join a corporation or the NS student union. The latter brought decisive benefits for the course of studies, so that the connections were made impossible to rejuvenate. As a result, the Miltenberger Ring dissolved its active connections in October 1935. A week later, Corps Stuttgardia did the same. The old people's association continued to exist. Due to financial difficulties, the old people's association could no longer hold the house on Österberg. In 1937 it was sold to the city of Tübingen, which made it available to a Nazi comradeship. After 1938, when the old lords of Stuttgardia and the Strasbourg fraternity Arminia merged to form the Comradeship of Strasbourg, Stuttgardia continued, at least indirectly. Following the French campaign , a new imperial university was set up in Strasbourg, and the former Strasbourg corporations were invited to collaborate. Arminia was ready for this, and after the house was seized by the Wehrmacht , the comradeship moved to Strasbourg for the winter semester of 1941/42. The comradeship finally dissolved after the Allied troops marched into Strasbourg in October 1944.
The attitude of the members towards National Socialism was extremely different. On the one hand there were determined National Socialists like Ludwig Battenberg or Walter Schick , who was head of the Gestapo in Baden from 1940 to 1944 , on the other there were Jews and those who were married to Jews like Reinhold Maier , who later became Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg , and were members of the professing church , one of whom died in the Dachau concentration camp, and Karl Georg Pfleiderer was a member of the circle of Hitler's assassins around Claus Graf Schenk von Stauffenberg .
The Stuttgardia after the Second World War
The restitution in 1949 was marked by a return to and further development of the humanistic and liberal principles of 1869. The purpose of the company was modified and expanded compared to earlier, when it was limited to sociability. The admission of women has also been proposed, but has not yet found a majority. The Stuttgardia was particularly committed to the development and consolidation of southern German liberalism. In his habilitation thesis, Klaus-Jürgen Matz describes how important it was for the first Prime Minister of Baden-Württemberg, Reinhold Maier, to be rooted in Stuttgardia: “ Most of Maier's friends, his helpers and companions, and ultimately his political heirs came from the ranks of the 'Stuttgardia ': Eberhard Wildermuth, for example, the loyal friend who supported him so effectively as the Württemberg economics minister from Berlin, and who was his advisor and helper for more than 40 years, or Ulrich Faber, the young colleague in the Löwenstein / Kiefe law firm. It was also a federal brother who, as Ministerialrat in the Reich Security Main Office, gave the advice in 1938 to get women and children out of the country. The closest political companions after 1945, Wolfgang Haußmann, to whom Maier owed so much, in fact, his political career in general, Karl Georg Pfleiderer, a comrade in the fight against integration into the West and rearmament, and Konrad Wittwer, Maier's right-hand man in the first years of his ministerial presidency , were also federal brothers. And finally Maier left his legacy to younger members of the 'Stuttgardia'. Both the successor in the Bundestag constituency, Klaus von Mühlen, and the one in the Landtag constituency, Guntram Palm, came from this student union. “Not to be forgotten is Paul Binder, member of the Parliamentary Council, with whom another Stuttgard influenced the young German democracy.
The discussion about the admission of women, which began in 1949, reappeared at regular intervals. Advocates from Aktivitas and old gentry then slowly enforced equality in the following years. Women have been granted the right to live since the mid-1970s. At the beginning of the 1980s, women took over offices and were given the status of "permanent guest" to a large extent, the rights of active people and acceptance into the senior citizens' association. In 1990 Aktivitas decided to accept women as full members, subject to the approval of the old people's association. This followed five months later.
Known members
State and politics
| Paul Binder : | CDU politician, Chairman of the Committee on Financial Matters of the Parliamentary Council (1948/49), member of the " Five Wise Men " (1963–1968) |
| Gustav Brockhoff: | Senate President at the Federal Social Court (1954–1963) |
| Herrmann Habermaas : | Minister of State for Churches and Schools of the Kingdom of Württemberg (1912–1918), Honorary Senator of the University of Tübingen (1924) |
| Wolfgang Haussmann : | FDP politician, Minister of Justice of the State of Baden-Württemberg (1953–1966) |
| Dieter Hömig : | Judge at the Federal Constitutional Court (1995-2006) |
| Ulrich Irmer : | FDP politician, MEP (1979–1984), MdB (1987–2002), foreign policy spokesman for the FDP and chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee (1994) |
| Manfred Klaiber : | CDU politician, Head of the Office of the Federal President (1949), Ambassador to Rome (1957) and Paris (1963–1968) |
| Klaus-Peter Klaiber : | Ambassador to London and Canberra, NATO Deputy Secretary General, EU Special Envoy for Afghanistan |
| Theodor Krauss: | Judge at the Federal Court of Justice (1950–1954) |
| Heinrich von Lersner : | President of the Federal Environment Agency (1974–1995) |
| Reinhold Maier : | FDP politician, Prime Minister of the State of Württemberg-Baden (1946–1952) and the State of Baden-Württemberg (1952–1953), party chairman of the FDP (1957–1960) |
| Klaus Freiherr von Mühlen : | FDP politician, Member of the Bundestag (1959–1965), member of the Council of Europe , journalist and publisher. |
| Walther Mosthaf: | Economics Minister of the State of Württemberg-Hohenzollern (1949–1952) |
| Karl Lautenschlager : | Lord Mayor (1911–1933) and Honorary Citizen of the City of Stuttgart (1945) |
| Helmut Lemke : | CDU politician, Minister of Education (1954–1955), Minister of the Interior (1955–1963) and Prime Minister (1963–1971) of Schleswig-Holstein . |
| Guntram Palm : | FDP / CDU politician, Minister of Justice (1977–1978), Minister of the Interior (1978–1980) and Minister of Finance (1980–1991) of the State of Baden-Württemberg |
| Karl Georg Pfleiderer : | FDP politician and ambassador to Yugoslavia, resistance fighter of July 20, 1944 |
| Gerhart Schlösser : | Greffier of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (1956–1970) |
| Ernst Schaude : | Member of the Provisional People's Representation for Württemberg-Baden (1946) |
| Hans-Ulrich Spohn : | Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Germany in Buenos Aires (2000–2003), special ambassador for the establishment of the International Organization for Renewable Energies (2007) |
| Karl Stieler : | State Secretary in the Reich Ministry of Transport (1919–1923) |
| Karl Frhr. from Weizsäcker : | Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Württemberg (1906–1918), Honorary Senator of the University of Tübingen (1924) |
| Eberhard Wildermuth : | FDP politician, Member of the Bundestag (1949–1952), Federal Minister for Housing (1949–1952) |
| Konrad Wittwer : | FDP politician and book publisher |
| Otto Wölz: | DDP politician, member of the constituent assembly of the Free People's State of Württemberg and the Landtag (1919–1921) |
Teaching and Research
| Hermann Abert : | Professor of Musicology, Member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences (1925) |
| Peter Fischer-Appelt : | Professor, President of the University of Hamburg (1970–1991) |
| Karl-Richard Bausch: | Professor of language teaching research (1972-2007), holder of the Order al Merito della Repubblica Italiana (2003), member of the Ordre des Palmes Académiques (2003) |
| Rudolf Ehrenberg : | Professor of Physiology (1953–1969) |
| Peter Hans Hofschneider : | Professor of Molecular Biology (1967–1994) |
| Karl Huerthle : | Professor of Physiology (1898–1928) |
| Christof Gestrich : | Professor of Systematic Theology (1979–2007) |
| Fritz Kern : | Professor of Medieval and Modern History (1914–1947) |
| Hans-Dieter Klenk : | Professor of Virology (since 1973), recipient of the Robert Koch Medal (2006) |
| Manfred Lieb : | Professor of civil law, labor and commercial law (1971–2000), co-editor of the archive for civilistic practice (1974–2001) |
| Dieter Planck : | Archaeologist, President of the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Baden-Württemberg (1992–2009), holder of the Order of Merit of the State of Baden-Württemberg (2014) |
| Gerhard von Rad : | Professor of Old Testament theology, member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (1955), member of the Order Pour le Mérite (1963) |
| Frithjof Rodi : | Professor of Philosophy (1970–1993) |
| Max von Rümelin : | Professor of Roman Law, Rector (1906–1907), Chancellor of the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen (1908–1931) |
| Jörg Schäfer : | Professor of Classical Archeology (1972–1990), translator of the work of Konstantinos Kavafis |
| Emil Seckel : | Professor of Roman Law, Rector of the Humboldt University in Berlin (1921), Member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences (1911) |
| Richard Siebeck : | Professor of internal medicine (1931–1951), member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (1942), co-founder of psychosomatic medicine |
| Hermann Straub : | Professor of Internal Medicine (1921–1928) |
| Eugen Ulmer : | Professor of German and Foreign Private Law, Commercial, Exchange and Labor Law, Rector of the University of Munich (1959–1960) |
| Peter Ulmer : | Professor of Civil Law, Commercial and Company Law, Rector of Heidelberg University (1991–1997) |
| Viktor von Weizsäcker : | Professor of Neurology, member of the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences (1932), co-founder of psychosomatic medicine |
economy
| Frank Heintzeler: | Board spokesman of the Baden-Württembergische Bank (1994–2004), President of the Association of German Banks (1999–2001) |
| Tanit Koch : | Editor-in-chief of Bild-Zeitung (2016-2018), managing director of n-tv and editor-in-chief of the central editorial office of Mediengruppe RTL Deutschland (since 2019). |
| Hans Luik: | Board spokesman of Schitag Schwäbische Treuhand AG (1987–1990), Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Schitag Ernst & Young Group (1990) |
Culture
Klaus Mehnert : journalist, publicist and author
Jean-Louis Vicomte de Bretizel Rambures : journalist and translator
See also
literature
- Jürg Arnold: 150 years of Stuttgardia Tübingen 1869-2019, two volumes, Arnold, Stuttgart 2019.
- Jürg Arnold: Stuttgardia Tübingen 1869–1994. Württemberg History and Antiquity Association, Stuttgart 1994.
- Martin Biastoch: Tübingen students in the German Empire. A socio-historical investigation. Contubernium - Tübingen contributions to the history of universities and science, Volume 44. Sigmaringen 1996, ISBN 3-51508-022-8 .
- Festschrift 1894: For the 25th anniversary of the Stuttgardia 1869–1894. Stuttgart 1894.
- Festschrift 1919: Fifty Years of Stuttgardia. 1869-1919. Stuttgart 1919.
- Festschrift 1959: 90 years of Stuttgardia.
- Festschrift and list of members of the Altenverein der Tübingen Stuttgardia. Stuttgart 1959.
- Festschrift 1969: 100 years of Stuttgardia. 1869-1969.
- Festschrift and list of members of the Tübingen Stuttgardia. Stuttgart 1969.
- Klaus-Jürgen Matz: Reinhold Maier (1889–1971). Droste, Düsseldorf 1989.
- Reinhold Maier: Distressed family. 1962.
- Reinhold Maier: The foundation stone is being laid. 1964.
Individual evidence
- ^ EH Eberhard: Handbook of the student liaison system. Leipzig, 1924/25, p. 111.
- ^ Richard Dollinger , TÜpedia