Ari Rath

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ari Rath, 2013

Ari Rath (born on January 6, 1925 in Vienna as Arnold Rath ; died on January 13, 2017 there ) was an Israeli journalist , publicist and peace activist . From 1975 to 1989 he was editor-in-chief and publisher of the Jerusalem Post .

Life

1925–1938, childhood in Vienna

Ari Rath was born as Arnold Rath on January 6, 1925 in Vienna as the second son of Laura Rath (née Gross) and the paper wholesaler Josef Rath. His father ran his company together with his older brother Jakob Fried in the 1st district , Schulerstraße 16, not far from St. Stephen's Cathedral , but then moved the company to larger premises in Wiesingerstraße at the former War Ministry . Arnold Rath initially had Polish citizenship and was entitled to live in Kolomea , the birthplace of his father .

For the first few months the family lived at Piaristengasse 46 in Josefstadt , before moving to Porzellangasse in Alsergrund . About his experiences as a child, Rath had a conversation with Eric Pleskow , broadcast on Austrian state television in 2012 , who before 1938 also lived on Porzellangasse and had to emigrate with his parents in 1939.

In April 1929, Laura Rath, who suffered from Graves' disease, committed suicide at the age of 39. Her burial took place on May 3rd at the Vienna Central Cemetery . Ari's father did not allow him and his only brother Maximilian, who was born in 1921, later Meshulam, to attend the funeral. From 1930 to 1934 Rath attended the Schubert School in Grünentorgasse. In 1931 he received Austrian citizenship.

In September 1934 he moved to the Wasagasse grammar school in the 9th district, where he had to attend a Jewish class according to a decree of the dictatorial Chancellor and Minister of Education Kurt Schuschnigg . In 1937 Ari Rath celebrated his bar mitzvah in the Müllnertempel . In the same year his half-sister Henny "Channa" Rath was born.

In March 1938, Austria under duress to the German Reich connected . In April 1938 the Schubert School had to move to Kalvarienberggasse in Hernals because the school building was converted into the party headquarters of the NSDAP . A little later Rath joined the Zionist youth organization Makkabi Hatzair in order to prepare his aliyah to Palestine .

In May 1938 Josef Rath was arrested and deported to the Dachau concentration camp . The SA storm leader Boris Zeilinger, who had previously been appointed commissioner at the paper wholesaling company Fried & Rath , took over the father's business.

In September 1938, Ari Rath attended a four-week seminar on preparing for Aliyah with Aron Menczer and Sinai Ucko in Schiffamtsgasse as one of 200 young Jewish people . The 200 young people applied for 50 exit certificates. In a passionate Zionist essay, Rath persuaded Menczer and Ucko to give him one of the 50 places, even though he and his brother had a UK children's permit and a prospect of a US affidavit .

On October 31, 1938, Ari Rath was brought to the Lobau for forced labor for the Hermann Göring scrap iron collection , but he and two friends managed to escape that same evening. On November 1, 1938, he was able to take a train from Vienna's Südbahnhof to Trieste , as planned.

1938–1948, From the kibbutz to New York and back

In Trieste Ari Rath went on board the Italian steamship MS Galilea , which was sunk by HMS Proteus in 1942, with a course to Haifa, which was reached on November 8th.

Rath was accommodated in the Ahawah youth home in nearby Kirjat Bialik . After completing his apprenticeship in the Ahawah in September 1941, he first moved to the kibbutz Beit Jehoshua before, after further stops in the kibbutzim Ramat David and Newe Eitan, he found kibbutz Chamadiya in September 1945. In the same year, the Kibbutz Chamadiya Rath sent to the newly founded youth movement HaTnuah HaMe'uchedet - which was absorbed into the Histadrut ha-No'ar ha-Owed we-ha-Lomed in 1959 - whose branch he founded in Haifa and was the first director.

In the fall of 1946, Rath was sent to the United States of America to join the Habonim Zionist youth movement to recruit young Jews for the kibbutz movement. With the help of the US Consul, Rath got one of the 15 quota places for Jews from Palestine on board the only passenger ship that operated between the Middle East and America, the Marine Carp , with which he reached New York City on December 8, 1946 .

In the arrival hall he met his father Josef Rath, his stepmother Rita Rath, his brother Meshulam Rath and his half-sister Henny Rath. In addition to his work for the Habonim , he offered himself to the later founder of the AIPAC forerunner American Zionist Committee for Public Affairs Isaiah L. Kenen as an employee at the Jewish Agency . In order to be able to take part in the UNSCOP meetings, Rath obtained a press card from an acquaintance at the Hebrew socialist daily Davar (German word) .

He was the first to report that the Eastern Bloc countries were in favor of the partition of Palestine and the establishment of a Jewish state - his first scoop long before he became a journalist.

Teddy Kollek enlisted Rath to organize arms shipments from the United States to Palestine. In this role he got to know Moshe Sharet . After the founding of the state of Israel , Rath was appointed officer of the IDF together with Kollek and his closest circle in the garden of the Truman supporter and arms smuggler Abe Feinbergs .

Equipped with a letter of recommendation from Kollek, Rath embarked for Europe again in September 1948 to take part in the UN General Assembly in Paris . There he met the Mossad representative in Europe, Asher Ben-Natan , who provided him with further letters of recommendation for his onward journey to Vienna.

In Vienna, on November 9, 1948, Rath attended a commemorative event for the tenth anniversary of the Reichspogromnacht in the Vienna Musikverein as a guest of honor . A few days later, Rath traveled to Marseille to be in command of the ship called Caesarea with 900 immigrants to Israel.

1948–1957, kibbutznik in Chamadiya

Ari Rath returned to his kibbutz Chamadiya and reported for military service at the Ministry of Defense in Tel Aviv the next day . However, he did not get clearance from the Chamadiyas Secretariat, and so he returned to kibbutz life as a cow milker and kindergarten teacher.

In 1951, the United Youth Movement recruited Rath as general secretary and exchanged his release from the secretariat for the sending of 60 young graduates of the Nachal training to fight pioneer youth, an enormous reinforcement for the kibbutz, which previously had 90 people.

Rath moved into a commune in Jaffa and held office for two and a half years before he was elected Secretary of Chamadiya in 1953, returned to the kibbutz and founded the kibbutz newspaper Ma Nishma .

In 1956, Rath was selected to represent Israel alone at the annual congress of IUSY , the international association of socialist youth organizations, in Tampere, Finland . From there he traveled to Bommersvik to attend the summer seminar of the Swedish Socialist Youth, where he befriended Olof Palme .

In 1957 Rath took a two-year leave of absence from the kibbutz and moved to Jerusalem to study economics and history at the Hebrew University .

1958–1989, Jerusalem Post

In September 1958, Ari Rath was hired by the Jerusalem Post as a diplomatic correspondent. The first reports appeared in September and his six-month probationary period officially began on October 1, 1958. On November 4, 1959, Rath married Dorothy Gewirzman, whom he had met three years earlier in London. His uncle, Rabbi Meshulam Rath, performed the wedding in Bnei Brak .

Since Rath did not return to Chamadiya in 1959 as agreed, he was expelled as the only member in the history of the kibbutz. On March 8, 1960, Rath flew to the United States as an accompanying reporter with David Ben-Gurion . Thanks to his good connections and clever tactics, Rath succeeded in being the only journalist to be present during the first conversation between Ben-Gurion and Konrad Adenauer in a suite in New York's Waldorf Astoria .

After this scoop, Arie Dissenchik, editor-in-chief of the highest-circulation Israeli daily newspaper, Ma'ariv , tried to poach Rath, but Rath decided to stay with the Jerusalem Post , but offered to write for both papers until Ma'ariv had filled the position, which he did for several months in a row.

In 1960 Rath was promoted to editor and in 1961 to head of the service of the Jerusalem Post . His marriage ended in divorce in 1962.

In June 1963, shortly before Levi Eschkol was appointed third Prime Minister of Israel, this council gave an extensive interview. As a result, Rath and Eschkol's staff created an English profile of Eschkol for the Israeli government's press office. Eschkol also offered Rath a position as government press spokesman, but before Rath could answer, Golda Meir intervened , who did not want a Ben Gurion confidante in this position.

In May 1963 Rath took part in the founding meeting of the OAU as a representative of the Israeli news agency ITIM . In 1964, Rath campaigned among others with Indira Gandhi and Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri for the improvement of Indian-Israeli relations.

In July 1965 Shimon called Peres Rath and told him: "Ben-Gurion agrees." It was the offer to become Ben-Gurion's campaign manager. Although Ben-Gurion brought together respected politicians such as Shimon Peres, Moshe Dajan and the two future presidents Yitzchak Nawon and Chaim Herzog in his Mapai breakaway Rafi , the newly founded Rafi only achieved ten of the 120 Knesset seats and lost the election significantly to the alliance HaMa'arach - in which the Mapai was also absorbed - which had 45 seats.

Rath returned to the Jerusalem Post in November 1965 . In 1967 he volunteered to fight in the Six Day War as a sergeant major in an infantry regiment of the Jerusalem Brigade, which was composed of reservists .

In 1970 Rath became a member of the International Press Institute . In April he traveled as an observer to the founding meeting of the Asian Press Foundation in Manila , which Adam Malik opened as the keynote speaker. On the sidelines of the meeting, Rath met with Malik to promote rapprochement between Israel and Indonesia .

In May 1973, when Rath was the only journalist left to see Ben-Gurion, the last interview with Ben-Gurion appeared in the Jerusalem Post .

On September 2, 1973, Rath traveled to Santiago de Chile . He attended the celebrations to mark the third anniversary of the victory of the Unidad Popular on September 4th. On September 11th, he witnessed the coup against Salvador Allende up close, from his hotel, the Carrera Sheraton across from the Moneda . In the early hours of September 12th, he was hit by heavy machine gun shrapnel, missing his carotid artery by only one and a half centimeters.

In the fall of 1975 Rath editor and publisher was the Jerusalem Post and retained the post until October 31, 1989, when he in the course of the sale Jerusalem Post to the Canadian Hollinger Inc. was dismissed.

1989-2017, after the "Post"

The last witnesses (Rath far right), 2015
Ari Rath's grave in Givat Hashlosha (2017)

After the Jerusalem Post's editorial policy was changed significantly after Ari Rath's dismissal, he campaigned for an English edition of the daily Haaretz , which has been published since 1997. Teddy Kollek appointed Rath as special advisor to the Jerusalem Foundation after leaving the Jerusalem Post , a position he resigned after three years.

In 1990 Rath became one of the founding members of the back-channel diplomacy organization Next Century Foundation . In 1991, at the invitation of the Swedish Foreign Minister Sten Andersson , Rath took part in the talks of the Dag Hammarskjöld Chair at Uppsala University as part of the six-member Israeli delegation , which were preparing the Oslo peace process.

After Yitzchak Rabin's murder on November 4, 1995, Rath wrote the obituary for the Hamburg weekly newspaper Die Zeit at the request of Helmut Schmidt .

For the duration of its existence from 1998 to 2000, Rath was part of the trialogue initiated by the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung between Israelis, Palestinians and Germans. In 2000 Rath became a member of the editorial board of the Palestine-Israel-Journal s.

In the winter semester 2002/2003 and again in the summer semester 2005 Rath was a fellow at the Moses Mendelssohn Center for European-Jewish Studies at the University of Potsdam .

In 2005 Rath took on the Austrian citizenship again in addition to the Israeli citizenship. In the same year he became editor of the Copenhagen group's online newspaper, Partners for Peace , which was discontinued in 2007 after the Danish government cut its funding. In 2012 Rath's autobiography Ari is called Lion was published by Paul Zsolnay Verlag in Vienna. Rath was one of the seven witnesses in the Vienna Burgtheater production The Last Witnesses by Doron Rabinovici and Matthias Hartmann , which was invited to the Berlin Theatertreffen in 2014 .

Ari Rath died on January 13, 2017 in the Vienna General Hospital as a result of a heart condition. He was buried on January 16 at his request near his brother in the cemetery of the Givat Hashlosha kibbutz in Israel. The eulogists included Doris Bures , President of the Austrian National Council , author and politician Avraham Burg , who read a speech by Israeli President Reuven Rivlin , Gertraud Auer Borea d'Olmo, Secretary General of the Bruno Kreisky Forum in Vienna, Saleh Turujman, Palestinians living in Washington DC and Rath's friend, and members of Rath's family.

Honors

Awards

Ari Rath Prize

On November 2, 2017, the foundation of the Ari Rath Prize for Critical Journalism was announced. The first prize was awarded to Alexandra Föderl-Schmid by a jury chaired by Gertraud Auer Borea d'Olmo . The Ari Rath Prize for Critical Journalism 2019 went to Silvana Meixner , and the Ari Rath Prize to Helmut Brandstätter .

Ari-Rath-Platz

In 2019, the Vienna Cultural Office named Ari-Rath-Platz in the 9th district near Porzellangasse, where Rath had lived as a child, and Liechtensteinstrasse.

Fonts

  • Ari Rath, Erwin Frenkel: Front page Israel. Major events 1932–1986 as reflected in the front pages of the Jerusalem Post. The Jerusalem Post, Jerusalem 1986, ISBN 0933503091 .
  • Ari Rath: On the way to peace. Articles and essays from five decades. Verlag for Berlin-Brandenburg, Potsdam 2005, ISBN 3935035772 .
  • Ari Rath: Ari means lion. Memories. Recorded by Stefanie Oswalt. Paul Zsolnay Verlag, Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-552-05585-8 . (As paperback: S. Fischer, Frankfurt am Main 2014, ISBN 978-3596198368 .)

literature

  • Alisa Douer : New territory. Israeli artists of Austrian origin. Picus, Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-85452-407-2 , p. 228f. (Book accompanying the exhibition of the same name).
  • Stefanie Oswalt: "They had a common mission" ( Teddy Kollek and Ari Rath), in: Zeitschrift Das Jüdische Echo , Vienna 2018/2019, Vol. 67, pp. 67 to 73, revised version of one on April 11, 2018 in Vienna lecture given; published September 2018

Web links

Commons : Ari Rath  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

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  81. Great decoration of honor for the publisher of the Jerusalem Post, Ari Rath NR President Prammer recognizes efforts towards peaceful coexistence . OTS dated November 29, 2011
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