District of Crossen (Oder)

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The district area 1905

The Prussian district of Crossen (Oder) , originally the district of Crossen , existed from 1816 to 1945 in the province of Brandenburg . It was named after Crossen (Oder) , the seat of the district administration. The district recently also included the towns of Bobersberg and Sommerfeld (Nd. Lausitz) as well as 92 other communities and two forest estate districts . The former district area is now mainly in the Powiat Krośnieński in the Polish Lubusz Voivodeship .

Administrative history

In 1742, the Krossener Kreis was formed from the previous Silesian Duchy of Crossen and incorporated into Neumark in Brandenburg .

In 1816 he came to the newly formed administrative district of Frankfurt in the province of Brandenburg and ceded his exclaves Baudach and Gablenz to the Lower Lusatian district of Sorau .

On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Crossen (Oder) district, in line with developments in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which almost all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

After the end of the war in 1945, the Soviet Union placed the district under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . In the following period, the gradual immigration of Polish migrants began, some of whom came from areas east of the Curzon Line . The local population was evicted by the local Polish administrative authorities .

Population development

year Residents source
1750 21,161
1796 32,615
1816 29,894
1840 47,281
1871 60,527
1890 60.508
1900 59,407
1910 59,668
1925 60,699
1933 59,067
1939 59,158

District administrators

1723–1742 Alexander Rudolph von Rothenburg00
1742–1751 Samuel Friedrich von Winning00
1751–1763 Leopold Maximilian von Schlegel00
1763–1769 Ernst Ludwig von Gloger00
1769–1791 Johann Ernst von Oppeln00
1791–1828 Ernst Wilhelm Rudolph von Troschke00
1828–1859 August von Rheinbaben (1785–1859)00
1859–1889 Wilhelm von Rheinbaben (1813–1891)00
1889–1901 Gustav von Blomberg (1854–1919)00
1902–1918 Wolf von Gottberg (1865–1938)00
1918–1919 Josef Schoenkaes (* 1883)00
1919–1933 Hans von Abel (1878–1937)00
1933–1945 Erich Krüger00

Local constitution

The district of Crossen (Oder) was divided into cities, rural communities and - until their almost complete dissolution in 1929 - manor districts. With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . These were grouped into administrative districts .

traffic

Important railway lines crossed the district area early on. The Guben - Sommerfeld - Sagan section of the Lower Silesian-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft was opened in 1846> 121.0 <.

In 1870 the Märkisch-Posener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft followed with its routes Guben - Crossen - Bentschen and Frankfurt - Topper - Bentschen> 122.b + c <.

The Breslau-Schweidnitz-Freiburg Railway Company concluded the first epoch of railway construction in 1874 with the Küstrin - Grünberg section> 122.0 <, without any cross-connections within the district. It was not until 1913/14 that the Prussian State Railroad between Crossen and Sommerfeld produced one of these "122.d". This station had already become a junction when the Lusatian Railway Company opened its line to Teuplitz - Muskau in 1897 > 154.d <.

The Topper - Meseritz state railway was put into operation by the Prussian State Railway in 1909.

cities and communes

Status 1945

  • Old Rehfeld
  • Building roof
  • Mountain lodge
  • Beutnitz
  • Bielow
  • Bindow
  • Birkendorf
  • Bobersberg , city
  • Bothendorf
  • Brankov
  • Braschen
  • Breeze
  • Briesnitz
  • Chrumov
  • Cross / Oder , city
  • Dachow
  • stave
  • Deichow
  • German Nettkow
  • German Sagar
  • Dobersaul
  • Drehnow
  • Drewitz
  • Dubrow
  • Eichberg
  • Friedrichswalde
  • Fritschendorf
  • Gersdorf
  • Glembach
  • Goehren
  • Goskar
  • Grabkow
  • Curmudgeon
  • Great Blumberg
  • Grunow
  • Guhlow
  • Güntersberg
  • Heidenau
  • Hermswalde
  • Dog bark
  • Jähnsdorf
  • Combed
  • Klebow
  • Klein Blumberg
  • Kossar
  • Kraemersborn
  • Cuckead
  • Kunersdorf
  • Kunow
  • Kurchev
  • Tripe
  • Leitersdorf
  • Liebthal
  • Lips
  • Lochwitz
  • Logau
  • Merzdorf
  • Merzwiese
  • Messow
  • Mühlow
  • Münchsdorf
  • New Rehfeld
  • Neuendorf
  • Neumühl
  • Pfeifferhahn
  • Plau
  • Pleiskehammer
  • Pollen
  • Pommerzig
  • Preichow
  • Radenickel
  • Radnitz
  • Riesnitz
  • Rusdorf
  • Sarcov
  • Bowling
  • Schmachtenhagen
  • Schönfeld
  • Seedorf
  • Siebenbeuthen
  • Skyren
  • Sommerfeld (Nd. Lausitz) , city
  • Straube
  • Tammendorf
  • Tamnitz
  • Thiemendorf
  • Topper
  • Tornow
  • Trebichow
  • Stairs
  • Tschausdorf
  • Whitish
  • Wellmitz
  • Wendish Sagar
  • Zettitz

Municipalities dissolved before 1939

  • Alt Beutnitz and Neu Beutnitz, merged in 1929 to form the municipality of Beutnitz
  • Evengrund, 1929 on Pleiskehammer
  • Murzig, 1929 to comb

Name changes

On July 28, 1934, the city of Sommerfeld was given the additional designation "(Nd. Lausitz)".

The following name changes were made in 1937:

  • German Nettkow → Strasbourg (Oder)
  • German Sagar → Boberhöh
  • Dobersaul → Schönrode (Mark)
  • Dubrow → Eichenhagen
  • Skyren → Teichwalde
  • Wendisch Sagar → Bobertal

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Crossen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder . No. 12 , 1816, p. 105 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
  2. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm August Bratring : Statistical-topographical description of the entire Mark Brandenburg . tape 3 . Friedrich Maurer, Berlin 1809, chap. District of Krossen, S. 296 ff . ( Digitized version ).
  3. Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 42 ( digitized version ).
  4. ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Frankfurt, p. 210 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
  5. Topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurt ad O., Harnecker, 1844, p. 30
  6. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Province of Brandenburg and their population in 1871
  7. a b c d e f Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Crossen district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).