Ernst Jacob von Eckardstein

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ernst Jacob Freiherr von Eckardstein , also von Eckardtstein , until 1799 Ernst Jacob Eckhard (t) (born April 26, 1742 in Münden ; † June 2, 1803 in Berlin ), was a Lower Saxony wholesaler and entrepreneur, Prussian chamberlain and landowner and founder of the Noble family von Eckardstein.

ancestors

According to the local history researcher Rudolf Schmidt , Ernst Jacob came from the middle-class Eckhardt patrician family . It can be proven as early as 1425, when a member of the family sat on the council of the Hessian town of Eschwege . The family's later whereabouts were Duderstadt and Rothenburg, from where an Eckhardt - the grandfather Ernst Jacobs - returned to Eschwege in 1702. The grandfather died in 1718 as a pastor of the old town parish . His son Johann Bernhard Eckhardt - the father Ernst Jacobs - can be traced back to the first half of the 18th century as a merchant and merchant in Münden in Chur-Hanover, about 50 kilometers to the northwest . Johann Bernhard Eckhardt (* 1709; † October 5, 1794 in Münden) married Catharina Elisabeth Franke (* 1715; † March 11, 1800 in Münden) in 1739 and donated 2000 thalers to the Reformed community of which he was a member, the year he died.

Life

Overview

Hardenberg Palace in Berlin

Ernst Jacob Eckhardt was born on April 26, 1742 in Münden. On April 11, 1769, he married Rosina Dorothea Sattler, daughter of the Buttstadt merchant and merchant Gottfried Sattler and Rosina Christina Hildemann in Münden . His second marriage was to Metta Tiedemann. In 1788 he was appointed a member of the merchant class by the Commerz-Collegio in Hanover . Because of its industrial enterprises, the ceremony took place in 1790 of the Royal Hanoverian upper Commercien-Commissarii the bailiff rank . As a magistrate he received from Frederick Augustus, Duke of York and Albany , the contract for the entire food and provisioning of the armies which were in English Sold in Brabant. After the end of the campaign, Ernst Jacob Eckhardt traveled to London in order, as one of his sons later announced, to finish the accounts and to receive the balance owed to him of around £ 180,000 from the English government.

After moving to Berlin in 1799, he contributed 500,000 thalers to the Prussian maritime trade , which from the 1790s slowly developed from a trading company to a state bank and at the same time fulfilled the task of a semi-military Prussian state shipping company. In addition, he acquired the so-called Lichtenau property in Charlottenburg and extensive goods on the Barnim . In 1801 he bought the 1774 to 1776 by Georg Christian Unger built and later Palais Hardenberg mentioned Immediatbau the previous Dönhoffplatz in the Leipziger Strasse  75 (today: Leipziger Strasse 55), which he occupied until his death 1803rd

Amelith glassworks in Solling

Mirror glass works Amelith at the ponds in the center of the picture, on the left the manor house, on the right Nienover Castle

One of Eckhardt's most important undertakings was the establishment of the Amelith mirror glass factory in Solling . In 1779, together with his partner Isaac Carios from Amsterdam, he leased the “ Glashütte bey Nienover ” built in 1776 . He switched the production from mass-produced goods to the luxury goods mirror glass and led the mirror glass factory to great success in a very short time. In doing so, he benefited from the contacts with wealthy citizens, aristocrats and the royal houses of Europe, which he had established through trade and his offices . In the course of the expansion of the factory, two new villages emerged in Solling: Eckhardt had houses built for the glassmakers around the glassworks in Amelith , and the polishing mills on Reiherbach , in which the mirror glass panels were ground and polished, formed the nucleus of the village of Polier . Eckardt himself wrote about the factory, which did large foreign business:

“I set up this factory, which had never existed in the country before, in a place where there was a desert before. Smelters, grinding mills, three polishing mills, stamping machines, magazines and economic buildings were gradually built. Where there used to be wood and wild bushes, partly surrounded by swamps, you can now see a place that resembles a small patch and increases in size every year. "

- Ernst Jacob Eckhardt, date unknown.

Eckhardt not only looked for innovations in glass production, but also carried out experiments in agriculture . So he had some of his fields fertilized with potash , the leached ash from the potash boilers .

After the government in Hanover repeatedly put obstacles in the way of his further expansion plans, in 1799 he accepted Prussia's offer to move to Berlin. Only now, and thus not all of his assets and activities flowed to Prussia, did the government in Hanover convert the lease of the factory into an inheritance letter .

Relocation to Berlin, chamberlain and baron

The desire to move to Berlin came to Eckhardt, who was annoyed by the Hanoverians, during a trip to the capital and the impressions he gained. The Prussian state was extremely accommodating and actively supported Eckhardt's plans, since such assets are not common in the Prussian state . On the condition that he invest his fortune of several million thalers in Prussia, Friedrich Wilhelm III made him . the chamberlain and it rose in the Oct. 11, 1799 Nobility (other indication: February 20, 1799). When the baron was granted the former name Eckhardt was changed to von Eckardtstein , later mostly written by Eckardstein . The new baron complied with Prussia's requirement with extensive investments.

The blazon of the family coat of arms is described in the Gothaische Genealogische Taschenbuch der Freiherrliche Häuser 1859 as follows:

“W: divided transversely; above in silver the k. prussia. Eagle with scepter and orb; the lower field, diagonally divided by blue over gold, is covered by a red crossbar covered with three silver acorns side by side. Barons crown and two helmets. The one on the right is crowned with a blue-gold cover and wears an outward-looking black eagle's head adorned with a royal crown and a neck with a golden beak and a knocked-out red tongue; the left helmet with a red and silver cover is covered with a similar bulge and has two red eagle wings, which are turned inwards with the Saxons and overlap, each covered with three (2, 1) silver acorns. Shield holder: on the right an inward-looking golden lion with a knocked-out tongue and a wound tail, on the left a blue bear with a golden collar. "

- Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser, 9th year 1859, p. 159.

Real estate in Brandenburg

After shopping in the Prussian Maritime Trading Company and the acquisition of Charlottenburg Lichtenau-possession ( see above ) invested the nunmehrige Ernst Jakob Freiherr von Eckard Stein 1801 810000  Reichstaler in various goods northeast of Berlin on the Barnim. Among other things, he bought several thousand hectares of land from the von Kameke family, including castles Prötzel , Prädikow , Grunow and Reichenow .

The agricultural reformer and founder of agricultural science Albrecht Daniel Thaer founded the Agricultural Academy Möglin in 1806 on the Möglin manor, which is located next door to Reichenow . Inspired by Thaer, with whom he was friends, Ernst Jacob Freiherr von Eckardstein introduced modern forms of agricultural production on his estates for the time. To put Johann Gottlieb Koppe , formed at Thaer and 1814-1830 administrator of Eckardstein's lands, the production of the three-field on impact and rotation of crops according to the English model. In 1833 his third son from his second marriage to Metta Tiedemann, Arnold Freiherr von Eckardstein (born March 20, 1782 Hann. Münden ; † August 8, 1856), laid out the Ernsthof farm. He gave the Ernsthof its name after his father and / or first-born son (1824–1899), both of whom were first named Ernst. In addition, the listed tower villa Eckardstein from 1906/07 in Strausberg bears the name of the founder of the noble family. The Kathe Kollwitz road links to the Strausberger railway was formerly known as settlement Eckardt stone or settlement Eckard stone or Eckard Stein .

Descendants

Ernst Jacobs sons founded several lines of descendants of the von Eckardstein noble family. The Gothaic genealogical paperback from 1872 counts five houses:

  • I. House: Gottfried Bernhard Freiherr von Eckardstein (* December 23, 1769, † October 14, 1816), earthenware manufacturer in Berlin; ⚭ with Sophie Elisabeth Karsten (* 1782; † 1865)
  • Second house: Heinrich Gottlieb Freiherr von Eckardstein (* March 14, 1772; † March 2, 1827), mirror manufacturer in Berlin; ⚭ 1) with Auguste von Reichenbach († 1821), 2) with Sophie von Kröcher († 1847)
  • III. Leuenberg House : Georg Christian Freiherr von Eckardstein (April 25, 1773 - October 1, 1820); ⚭ June 15, 1800 with Charlotte Freiin von Loën (* 1783; † 1855)
  • IV. Falkenhagen House (acquired in 1805): Karl Jacob Freiherr von Eckardstein (* 1776; † 1831); ⚭ with Elisabeth Friederike Anna Countess von Blumenthal (* 1780; † 1846)
  • V. House of Prötzel: Baron Arnold von Eckardstein (* March 20, 1781, † August 8, 1856); ⚭ April 30, 1823 with Sophie Friederike von Bredow (* 1805; † 1867)

The genealogical paperback from 1866 also mentions Haus Deutsch-Wilmersdorf :

  • Franz Freiherr von Eckardstein (* 1785; † December 23, 1842), Prussian chamberlain and major in the cavalry, ⚭ with Albertine geb. Countess von Hertzberg

According to the new general German nobility lexicon of 1861, the houses of Deutsch-Wilmersdorf and Leuenberg were soon extinct in the male line. The encyclopedia names the following descendants for the two lines Prötzel and Falkenhagen (no complete listing):

House of Prötzel

  • Arnold Freiherr von Eckardstein (born March 20, 1782 in Hann. Münden , † August 8, 1856) (son); ⚭ 1823 Sophie Auguste Karoline von Bredow (born January 9, 1805, † September 21, 1867 in Haselberg )
    • Ernst von Eckardstein-Prötzel (* 1824 in Prötzel, † 1899 in Berlin), Prussian landowner and politician (MdR, MdH, MdA) (son of Arnold and Sophie); ⚭ 1854 Maria Wenzel, third daughter of the Prussian secret finance councilor Wenzel
    • Arnoldine Freiin von Eckardstein (* 1825, † 1857) (daughter of Arnold and Sophie); ⚭ 1851 Wilhelm Karl Alexander Heinrich Count Finck von Finckenstein (* 1815; † 1876)
    • Metta Freiin von Eckardstein (* 1826) (daughter of Arnold and Sophie); ⚭ 1851 Bernhard Graf von der Schulenburg
    • August Friedrich Freiherr von Eckardstein, Lord of Haselberg, Reichenow, etc. (son of Arnold and Sophie) (born March 9, 1828 in Prötzel; † November 7, 1900 in Haselberg); ⚭ 1858 Hedwig Schütz (born February 19, 1838 in Seelow ; † September 19, 1907 in Haselberg)

House Falkenhagen / Löwen (Brieg)

Falkenhagen Castle (Mark) around 1860

A family line in Löwen bei Brieg in the former Prussian province of Silesia also belonged to the Falkenhagen family .

  • Julius Freiherr von Eckardstein (* 1806; † 1844) (son of Karl Jakob von Eckardstein (1776–1831) and Elisabeth Friederike von Blumenthal (1780–1846)); ⚭ 1833 Wilhelmine Countess Finck von Finckenstein (* 1817; † 1871)
    • Ernst Carl Julius von Eckardstein (* 1834) (son of Julius and Wilhelmine), royal Prussian lieutenant in the Dragoons - Guard regiment , owned and managed the house together with his siblings:
    • Wilhelm Bernhard Julius von Eckardstein (* 1835, † 1876) (son of Julius and Wilhelmine), royal Prussian lieutenant in the Guards Landwehr cavalry; ⚭ 1859 Thekla Countess Kleist von Nollendorf (* 1834; † 1921), daughter of Hermann Graf Kleist von Nollendorf
      • Hermann (Johannes Arnold Wilhelm Julius Ernst) Freiherr von Eckardstein (born July 5, 1864 in Löwen near Brieg; † November 21, 1933 in The Hague ), diplomat (son of Wilhelm and Thekla)
    • Imma Freiin von Eckardstein (* 1837) (daughter of Julius and Wilhelmine); ⚭ 1858 Leo Freiherr von Romberg
    • Julius Freiherr von Eckardstein (* 1844) (son of Julius and Wilhelmine)

20th century

In 1912, six members of the aristocratic family were listed among the large landowning millionaires of the province of Brandenburg (total assets = value of property and capital assets; figures in Reichsmarks ):

  • Baron von Eckardstein-Prötzel, 11 to 12 million
  • Freiherr von Eckardstein-Haselberg, 10 to 11 million
  • Ernst Freiherr von Eckardstein-Prötzel, 5 to 6 million
  • Arnold Freiherr von Eckardstein-Prötzel, 5 to 6 million
  • Freda Baroness von Eckardstein-Prötzel, 5 to 6 million
  • Baron von Eckardstein-Kletzke, 4 to 5 million

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information from OnlineArchiv Heimatverein Steglitz e. V.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; other date of death: June 3, see Rudolf Schmidt, p. 10.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.steglitz.de  
  2. ^ Rudolf Schmidt, p. 9f.
  3. ^ A b Genealogy.net
  4. ^ Annals of the Braunschweig-Lüneburgischen Churlande . Volumes 2-4, p. 183.
  5. ↑ a b Quoted from Rudolf Schmidt, p. 10.
  6. ↑ a b c Rudolf Schmidt, p. 10.
  7. ^ Gerhard Wiechmann: The Prussian-German Navy in Latin America 1866-1914: a study of German gunboat policy . Oldenburg 2000, chap. 2, p. 23f. Univ. Diss., 473 S., uni-oldenburg.de
  8. ^ A b Daniel Althaus: Series: Kaufmann Eckardt made Amelith and Foreman known in the world. Luxury from the mirror baron . In: Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine (HNA). July 25, 2011.
  9. ↑ Daniel Althaus: Series for the special exhibition: A large estate once belonged to the Amelith mirror factory. Between factory and field . In: Hessische / Niedersächsische Allgemeine (HNA). 23 August 2011.
  10. ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Boldewin Ferdinand von dem Knesebeck: Eckhardt von Eckardstein , in: Historical paperback of the nobility in the Kingdom of Hanover , Hahn'sche Hofbuchhandlung, Hanover 1840, p. 122; on-line
  11. ↑ a b Archive of castles and manors in the Holy Roman Empire (and in the German Confederation until 1866): that of Eckardtstein (v. Eckardstein) .
  12. ^ Rudolf Schmidt, p. 1f.
  13. ↑ Excursion to the Ernsthof . In: Märkische Oderzeitung (MOZ), April 17, 2009.
  14. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin. Volume 13 of the Brandenburg Historical Studies on behalf of the Brandenburg Historical Commission, be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , ISSN  1860-2436 , p. 52.
  15. ↑ Rudolf Schmidt, p. 91.
  16. ^ Strausberg Live: The Villa Eckardstein . ( Memento from December 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  17. ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses . Perthes, Gotha 1872, p. 140–141 ( uni-duesseldorf.de [accessed September 23, 2018]).
  18. ↑ Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses . Perthes, Gotha 1866, p. 184–188 ( google.de [accessed September 23, 2018]).
  19. ^ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke : New General German Adels Lexicon , Volume 3, Leipzig 1861; unchanged reprints 1929–1930; 1973; 1995-1996. P. 18f in the Google Book search .
  20. ↑ Stammreihen.de ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stammreihen.de
  21. ^ Otto zu Stolberg-Wernigerode: New German biography . Vol. 4, Dittel-Falck, Berlin 1959 Digital Library, p. 280.
  22. ^ René Schiller: From manor to large estate. Economic and social transformation processes of the rural elites in Brandenburg in the 19th century. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-05-003449-1 ( Elite change in the modern age 3), ( digitized version) p. 143f.
personal data
SURNAME Eckardstein, Ernst Jacob von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Eckardtstein, Ernst Jacob von; Eckard, Ernst Jacob; Eckardt, Ernst Jacob
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German entrepreneur, large landowner and chamberlain
DATE OF BIRTH April 26, 1742
PLACE OF BIRTH Hann. Münden
DATE OF DEATH June 2, 1803
Place of death Berlin