Górne (Gołdap)
Górne | ||
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Basic data | ||
State : | Poland | |
Voivodeship : | Warmia-Masuria | |
Powiat : | Gołdap | |
Gmina : | Gołdap | |
Geographic location : | 54 ° 15 ' N , 22 ° 26' E | |
Residents : | 110 (December 31, 2010) | |
Telephone code : | (+48) 87 | |
License plate : | NGO | |
Economy and Transport | ||
Street : | Regiele / DK 65 → Górne | |
Botkuny / ext. 651 - Kolniszki → Górne | ||
Rail route : | no rail connection |
Górne [ ˈɡurnɛ ] (German Gurnen ) is a place in the northeast of the Polish Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship and belongs to the Gmina (urban and rural community) Gołdap (Goldap) in the powiat Gołdapski ( Goldap district ).
Geographical location and transport links
Górne is ten kilometers southwest of the city of Gołdap and can be reached from Regiele (Regellen) on state road 65 in two kilometers. In addition, a side road leads from Botkuny (Buttkuhnen) on Voivodship Road 651 via Kolniszki (Collnischken) directly into the village, as does Zawiszyn (Katharinenhof) via Czarne (Czarnen / Scharnen) . A rail connection has ceased to exist since PKP line 41 from Ełk (Lyck) via Olecko (Treuburg) to Gołdap was closed to passenger traffic in 1993 and to freight traffic since 2002.
history
On March 18, 1874, the small Gutsdorf, then called Gurnen , became the eponymous place for the newly established Gurnen district , which existed until 1945 and belonged to the Goldap district in the Gumbinnen district of the Prussian province of East Prussia .
In 1910 the Gurnen manor had 225 inhabitants. On September 30, 1928 Gurnen, Babken (Polish: Babki) - only the Vorwerk Scheelhof (Polish: Siedlisko, no longer existent) -, Pröken (Przeczka, no longer existent) and Wittichsfelde (Bronisze) merged to form the new rural community Gurnen. The population rose to 587 by 1933 and was 603 in 1939.
Gurnen came to Poland in 1945 as a result of World War II and was given the Polish name “Górne”. Today the place is incorporated into the urban and rural community (Gmina) Gołdap (Goldap) with the seat of a Schulzenamt and is located in the powiat Gołdapski in the Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Suwałki Voivodeship ). On December 31, 2010, Górne had 110 inhabitants.
Gurnen District (1874–1945)
The rural communities or manor districts that formed the Gurnen district in 1874 included 15 towns:
Name (until 1938) | Name (1938–1945) | Polish name | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|
Rural communities : | |||
Dzingellen | Widmannsdorf | Dzięgiele | |
Friedrichowen | Friedrichau | Vrotkovo | |
Cossacks | Rappenhöh | Kozaki | |
Mlinicken | Buschbach | Młyniki | |
Pogor cells | Hegelingen (since: 1906) |
Pogorzel | |
Proken | Proken | Przeczka | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Gurnen |
Rules | Glaubitz (East Pr.) | Regiele | |
Satiated | Satiated | Zatyki | |
Target masks 1936–1938 Squint masks |
Hallenfelde | Żelazki | |
Manor districts : | |||
Babken | Steinbrück | Babki |
1928 incorporated into the rural communities of Gurnen and Szielasken |
Cod | Cod | Dorsze | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Hegelingen |
Gurnen | Gurnen | Górne | Converted to a rural community in 1928 |
Cossacks | Rappenhöh | Kozaki | 1928 incorporated into the rural community Kosacken |
Wilkassen | Petty | Wilkasy | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Kamionken (1938–1945 Eichicht , Altenbude district ) |
Wittichsfelde | Wittichsfelde | Bronisze | 1928 incorporated into the rural community of Gurnen |
On January 1, 1939, three municipalities were reclassified from the Rogainen district (now in Polish: Rogajmy) to the Gurnen district: Mörleinstal (until 1938 Marlinowen , Polish: Marlinowo), Scharnen (until 1938 Czarnen , Polish: Czarne) and Summau (until 1938 Summowen , Polish: Sumowo). On January 1, 1945, the Gurnen district consisted of twelve municipalities: Buschbach, Friedrichau, Glaubitz, Gurnen, Hallenfelde, Hegelingen, Mörleinstal, Rappenhöh, Satticken, Scharnen, Summau and Widmannsdorf.
Religions
Church building
Church land was already prescribed in Gurnen in 1566. The first church was built between 1574 and 1581. It was the oldest church in the Goldap district . Between 1612 and 1617 the church underwent a major renovation.
In the middle of the 19th century, the church was so damaged that the tower had to be demolished and reconstruction was carried out. The church is now made of field stones in the Romanesque style without a tower.
In January 1945 the church was set on fire after the entry of the Soviet troops and can only be seen today as a ruin in its place.
Parish
The vast majority of Gurner residents were Protestant until 1945 . Gurnen had since 1612 parish village with a wide-area, 13 villages counted parish with some 2,800 church members last. It belonged to the church district Goldap in the church province of East Prussia of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .
Due to the flight and displacement of the German population , the number of Protestant church members fell to almost zero. Polish citizens who mostly belonged to the Catholic Church settled in Górne . In Górne the parish of Św. Antoniego Padewskiego (St. Anthony of Padua ), who belongs to the Deanery Gołdap in the Diocese of Ełk (Lyck) of the Catholic Church in Poland . Protestant church members living here belong to the Gołdap parish, which is a subsidiary parish of the church in Suwałki (Suwalken) in the Masuria diocese of the Evangelical Augsburg Church in Poland .
Parish locations (until 1945)
For parish church Gurnen belonged to 1945 next to the parish of 18 cities, towns and residential places:
German name | Change name from 1938 to 1945 |
Polish name | German name | Change name from 1938 to 1945 |
Polish name | |
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Babken | Steinbrück | Babki | Ostroven | Mühlhof | Ostrowo | |
Borkowinnen | Jarken | Borkowiny | Proken | Przecka | ||
* Cod | Dorsze | * Rules | Glaubitz (East Pr.) | Regiele | ||
* Dzingellen | Widmannsdorf | Dzięgiele | * Satick | Zatyki | ||
Friedrichshof | Stachowięta, now: Piastowo |
Scheelhof | Siedlisko | |||
* Hegelingen (until 1906: Pogor cells) |
Pogorzel | * Szielasken 1936–38: Squint masks |
Hallenfelde | Żelazki | ||
Kalkowen | Kalkau | Kalkowo | Tartars | Noldental | Tatary | |
* Cossacks | Rappenhöh | Kozaki | Wilkassen | Petty | Wilkasy | |
Mlinicken | Buschbach | Młyniki | Wittichsfelde | Bronisze |
Church registers (until 1945)
A large number of the church book documents of the Protestant parish Gurnen have been preserved and are kept in the Protestant Central Archive in Berlin-Kreuzberg :
- Baptisms: 1749-1944
- Weddings: 1749 to 1944
- Burials: 1726 to 1944.
Personalities
- Wilhelm Ernst von Buddenbrock (* 1715 in Gurnen), Prussian major and commander of the 1st Standing Grenadier Battalion († 1760)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Główny Urząd Statystyczny, Portret miejscowości statystycznych w gminie Gołdap (powiat gołdapski, województwo warmińsko-mazurskie) w 2010 r. Online (xls file)
- ^ A b Rolf Jehke: Gurnen District.
- ^ Uli Schubert: Community directory, district Goldap.
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Goldap district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ District community Goldap, churches in the district of Goldap
- ↑ Walther Hubatsch : History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia. Volume 3: Documents. Göttingen 1968, p. 479
- ↑ The * indicates a school location
- ^ Christa Stache: Directory of the church records in the Evangelical Central Archives in Berlin. Part I: The eastern church provinces of the Evangelical Church of the Old Prussian Union. Berlin 1992, p. 51.