Grafenberg (Greding)

Grafenberg City of Greding Coordinates: 49 ° 1 ′ 11 ″  N , 11 ° 16 ′ 36 ″  E
Height :	523 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	129  (December 9, 2019)
Incorporation :	January 1, 1972
Postal code :	91171
Area code :	08463

Grafenberg is a Middle Franconian town that was incorporated into the town of Greding in the Roth district as part of the municipal reform.

location

The village is located on the Jura plateau between the Heimbachtal and the Morsbachtal.

history

The aerial photography has probably prehistoric grave mounds discovered in Grafenberg. The place name is interpreted, among other things, as "belonging to the mountain / mountain settlement of the Gravo." For 1194 possessions of the Eichstätter Schottenkloster in Grafenberg are proven, in 1280 the convent bought a farm and remained in its possession until 1394. Until 1305 "Grevenperch" belonged mostly to the Counts of Hirschberg and came to the Prince-Bishop of Eichstätt as a result of the extinction of this family . The prince-bishops always tried to round off their property and their rights, so Friedrich IV. Von Oettingen acquired the interest and validity including the court of Grafenberg from the inheritance of Hilpolt vom Stein in 1398 . In 1350 the Augustinian canons of Rebdorf had a courtyard in Grafenberg , in 1432 the Metten monastery , and in 1468 the Eichstätter Benedictine monastery of St. Walburg . In 1447 one finds the place in a salbuch of the Hochstiftisches Amt Brunneck and in an interest book of the Oberamt Hirschberg, in 1518 it is recorded in an interest book of the Hochstiftischen Richteramt Greding; the border between the offices of Brunneck and Greding was therefore not well established (the entry for Hirschberg was only added to the interest book afterwards). Grafenberg later fell to the prince-bishop's office of Titting - Raitenbuch , newly created in 1554 , where it remained until the end of the Old Kingdom in 1802. It is unclear why Pius VI. , Pope from 1775 to 1799, issued a letter of indulgence for a "Maria Hilf" church in Grafenberg.

Part of the Grafenberg parish between Grafenberg and Emsing is called "Erzgrube"; the collection of iron ore lumps on the Jurassic area or the mine-like mining in the case of greater deposits is documented. The ore mine of nearby Niefang and the ore washing of Titting, where earth remains were removed from the lumps, are known. Up until the 19th century, the ore was brought to Obereichstätt in the Altmühltal in ox carts , where it was processed in an iron smelting plant. The ore wealth could also be the reason that the Jura plateau around Grafenberg was relatively densely populated even in prehistoric times.

The karst landscape is arid; A generation ago the Grafenbergers said that they had the right to water their animals as far as Gungolding in the Altmühltal.

On January 1, 1972, Grafenberg was incorporated into the city of Greding.

The torture column near Grafenberg. Watercolor by Siegfried Schieweck-Mauk, Eichstätt (catalog no.642)

Population development of Grafenberg

• 1910: 180 inhabitants
• 1933: 193 inhabitants
• 1939: 203 inhabitants
• 1987: 173 inhabitants
• 2016: 138 inhabitants

Attractions

The Catholic Church of St. Bartholomew , built in 1394, is a branch church of Emsing in the Anlautertal . It is a fortified church ; the five meter high cemetery wall had loopholes that are now walled up. On the inside of the wall, there is still a brick ledge on which the battlement was placed. In 1759 the nave was rebuilt in the Baroque style under the Eichstätter cathedral chapter builder Giovanni Domenico Barbieri ; at this point in time the church had “been in very ruin for a long time” (decrees of the clergy of 1757/58). Inside the church there is a four-column baroque high altar from 1720, accompanied by late Gothic figures of St. Magdalena and St. Sebastian , as well as the baroque figures of the diocese saints Willibald and Walburga . Side altars and pulpit are rococo creations . The tower is medieval in the basement, the upper floor and the helmet are from the 17th century. The Grafenberg parish (2003: 144 Catholics) has been staffed by the Morsbach parish since 1969, but is de iure part of the Emsing parish.

On the road to Emsing, not far from the DJK-Grafenberg sports field, there is a brick wayside shrine in the form of a “ holy house ” from the 18th century, popularly known as the “torture column”. It is intended to commemorate the victims of the Swedes in the Thirty Years' War .

On the road to Euerwang there is a path chapel with a slate roof from the 19th century and on the road to Kraftsbuch there is a baroque chapel from the early 18th century.

traffic

The state road St 2336 leads to Kraftsbuch or to Emsing . The district road RH 36 / EI 47 leads to Morsbach . A community road leads to Euerwang .

literature

• Franz Sand: Geological and historical walks through the Anlautertal. In: Collective sheet of the historical association Eichstätt 60 (1962/64) , pp. 95–97
• Theodor Neuhofer: Contributions to the art history of the Hochstift Eichstätt. In: Collective sheet of the historical association Eichstätt 61 (1965/66) , pp. 9–92, “Grafenberg”. P. 79
• Rudolf Speth: Village chronicle of Grafenberg. 1997
• Franz Heiler: Contributions to the history of the judicial office in Greding from the beginning to the end of the 16th century . In: Contributions to the history of Eichstätt. Brun Appel on his 65th birthday , Eichstätt 1999, pp. 119-149, esp. 129, 136-139
• Life in the Binderander house (in Grafenberg). In: Das Jura-Haus No. 7 (2001/2002) , pp. 34–37 (with ill.)

Individual evidence

1. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 482 .
2. ↑ http://www.ulischubert.de/geografie/gem1900/gem1900.htm?mittelfranken/hilpoltstein.htm
3. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Hilpoltstein district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
4. ↑ http://gov.genealogy.net/ShowObjectSimple.do?id=GRAERG_W8541