Sarreguemines Jewish Community

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Synagogue in Sarreguemines
Jewish cemetery in Sarreguemines

A Jewish community in Sarreguemines in the Moselle department in the French region of Lorraine already existed in the Middle Ages .

history

Jews are mentioned in Sarreguemines as early as 1336 . 1446 the protective Jew Moyse de Funderman of Johann III. of Nassau-Saarbrücken resides in Sarreguemines for an annual payment of 2 florins ( guilders ).

After Lorraine became part of France, a royal decree of January 26, 1753 allowed the Genzbourger and Dalsheim families to settle in Sarreguemines. At that time, a prayer room in the house of S. Genzbourger was used or the service took place in the synagogue of Welferding . Finally it was allowed that part of the house of the Jewish chief Behr, which was located on the city wall, was converted into a synagogue.

In 1791 a rabbinate was created in Sarreguemines , which was also responsible for the Jewish communities in the area. The Jewish community has belonged to the Israelite consistorial district of Metz since 1808 .

In 1861, when the Jewish community numbered 350 members, construction began on a new synagogue on Rue de la Chapelle. It was inaugurated in 1862 and, like many other synagogues of that time, is characterized by oriental style elements. The synagogue was destroyed by the German occupiers in 1940 . From 1957 (laying of the foundation stone) to 1959 (inauguration) a new synagogue with 200 seats was built in Rue Georges V.

National Socialist Persecution

Of the 395 members of the Sarreguemines Jewish community in 1939 , 95 were deported and murdered as part of the Wagner-Bürckel campaign , which included Baden and the Saar-Palatinate as well as Alsace and Lorraine . Among them were 28 children.

graveyard

The Jewish cemetery of Sarreguemines still has around 400 gravestones ( Mazevot ), some of which were destroyed by cemetery abusers in 2005.

Web links

literature

  • Henry Schumann: Mémoire des communautés juives de Moselle . Éditions Serpenoise, Metz 1999, ISBN 2-87692-430-7 .