Kirchhellen

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Kirchhellen
City of Bottrop
Kirchhellen coat of arms
Coordinates: 51 ° 36 ′ 17 ″  N , 6 ° 55 ′ 19 ″  E
Height : 60 m
Area : 58.41 km²
Residents : 20,607  (Dec. 31, 2017)
Population density : 353 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1976
Postal code : 46244
Area code : 02045
View of Kirchhellen and the Church of St. John the Baptist (August 2009)
Local election 2014
Turnout: 56.9%
 %
50
40
30th
20th
10
0
49.9%
29.3%
5.2%
4.5%
5.4%
3.1%
0.7%
1.9%
Gains and losses
compared to 2009
 % p
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
-0.2  % p
+ 6.7  % p
-3.2  % p
-2.5  % p
-1.4  % p
± 0.0  % p
-0.3  % p
+1.9  % p

From 1934 to 1976, Kirchhellen was an independent municipality in the Recklinghausen district . In the course of the municipal reorganization in the Ruhr area , Kirchhellen was merged with the independent city of Bottrop on July 1, 1976 (see Glabotki ).

The place name is derived from Kirche auf dem Hügel (Helle) and refers to the historic place of the old village church, located on a hill in the village, which was destroyed by fire in 1917. Today's village image is shaped by the St. John's Church, inaugurated in 1925 on the main street .

Today Kirchhellen is one of the three districts of Bottrop in the northern Ruhr area on the border with the Münsterland with its own district administration office and district representation.

Kirchhellen is known nationwide to neighboring countries for the Movie Park Germany (formerly Warner Bros. Movie World) located in the Feldhausen district . Further attractions are the Feldhausen amusement park Schloss Beck and the Kirchhellener Schützen- und Pretzel Festival.

geography

location

Kirchhellen, which occupies the entire north of the Bottrop urban area, is the somewhat larger "half" of Bottrop and, with its many green and forest areas - especially the Kirchheller Heide - forms the city's "green lung".

Districts of Bottrop with the Kirchheller districts (in the sense of "partial district") in the north - the division into statistical districts (see below) differs slightly from this

It is bordered on the west by the independent city Oberhausen , Dinslaken and Hünxe (both Wesel), north to Schermbeck (Kreis Wesel) and Dorsten (Recklinghausen), to the east by Gladbeck (Recklinghausen) and in the south with its neighborhood Grafenwald to the old Bottrop urban area.

structure

Kirchhellen comprises the following districts (area information in brackets):

All districts except Grafenwald, which is located in the old Holthäuser area, correspond to centuries-old farmers .

The boundaries of the “city districts” according to this definition - henceforth referred to here as “sub-districts” - only correspond to boundaries recognizable in places in the area. In addition, since the development of the area around the core of the town flows smoothly into the neighboring districts and the districts of Holthausen, Hardinghausen, Ekel and Overhagen are only sparsely populated, the subdivision into statistical districts has slightly deviated from the historical demarcation and summarized the less populous districts - see also section on this in the Bottrop district list .

Detailed map of Kirchhellen with the boundaries of the districts ( detailed map of the whole of Bottrop )

If you assign the breakdown into statistical districts of the subdivision, you get the following breakdown (see map on the right), which is easier to evaluate, especially in numbers (areas and population figures from December 31, 2017 in brackets):

Kirchhellen-Mitte

The statistical district of Kirchhellen-Mitte roughly encompasses the contiguous, small-town-looking, denser settlement area around the old core town as well as industrial areas in the northeast. To the north it is mainly through the Bräukebach distinguished from Hardinghausen or from the district of North-West (more precisely: An der Linde / Münsterstraße / The Minimize / School Street / Pelsstraße / Bräukebach ) until the creek in the Northeast, the federal motorway A 31 crosses under ; From here on, the western edge of the motorway's eastern border is for a 200 m short section to the south-southeast. The greater part of the eastern border to Overhagen or to the North-East district is made up of 3.4 km of high-voltage lines along the former railway line immediately east of the core settlement, which follow the Schölsbach in the northern half .

In the southeast, the district border to Süd / Grafenwald follows the southernmost section of Rentforter Straße for 200 m and finally the first northwest -facing Brabecker Weg , which after about 300 m at the intersection with the Hoheheideweg assumes an east-west direction and from there also simultaneously on 1 km forms the southern border of the "partial district".

The western border of the statistical district to Holthausen or to the north-west district is the Bottroper Straße for 900 m in the south and the Blaufärberweg for 1.9 km from the crossing street Wiesental until this is the origin of the in the north-west (junction with An der Linde ) Bräukebachs meets. 

Kirchhellen-Mitte is divided into two groups of blocks by Hackfurthstrasse, which runs in a west-east direction (areas and population figures as of December 31, 2017 in brackets):

  • 711 Kirchhellen-Mitte-Nord (1.80 km²; 7,415 inhabitants)
  • 712 Kirchhellen-Mitte-Süd (2.93 km²; 3,498 inhabitants)

Grafenwald

The statistical district (Kirchhellen-South) Grafenwald is km in the north-central to around 2 by the Lehmschlenke , km in the western north to just 3.5 by the Elsweg of Holthausen and from the district of North-West separated. In the extreme northwest part also a very small, by the Bohrlochweg demarcated small piece beyond the Elswegs to the district, so that North West has no limit to Oberhausen.

The southern border to Alt-Bottrop runs in the east along the Spechtsbach , while in the west it continues in a straight line to the west-south-west. While the Schöttelheide dump is still entirely in Grafenwald, the Haniel dump is divided by the city district boundary; the greater part is in Alt-Bottrop, but the north in Grafenwald and thus in Kirchhellen. 

Kirchhellen-Süd / Grafenwald is divided into a total of six building block groups (areas and population figures as of December 31, 2017 in brackets):

  • 721 (4.27 km²; 9 inhabitants) Grafenwald-West ( Kirchheller Heide and Heidesee )
  • 722 (2.31 km²; 531 inhabitants) Grafenwald-Nord / Sensenfeld / allotments
  • 723 (1.41 km²; 195 inhabitants) Hohe Heide (northeast, Overhagener "part of the district")
  • 724 (3.43 km²; 287 inhabitants) Grafenmühle / Halde Schöttelheide
  • 725 (3.21 km²; 3.682 inhabitants) Grafenwald-Mitte / Prosper-Haniel IV mine
  • 726 (1.96 km²; 1,003 inhabitants) Grafenwald-Südost (Hegestrasse)

The groups of building blocks cut along important streets as such have no deeper meaning and their boundaries also partly run through settlements. However, the entire route of the Alte Postweg to the north via Holthausen and Hardinghausen separates the almost uninhabited areas of the Kirchheller Heide in the west from the inhabited districts in the east. The Bottroper road again, the High Heath and the southeastern part of the central three Baublockgruppen separates, forming the border between north Kirchhellen Center and Holthausen.

Holthausen, Hardinghausen and Ekel

Holthausen occupies the south of the statistical district of Kirchhellen-Nord-West with Dinslakener Strasse in the north as a sharp border to Hardinghausen, which adjoins it to the north .

In contrast, the border of Hardinghausen to the northeast adjoining Ekel remains rather invisible , which follows paths and roads, but changes direction at a lively right-angled direction (Gahlener Strasse / Alter Postweg / north parallel path to Gahlener Strasse / Räuwenkamp / Horstkamp / Nordhellenstrasse / Münsterstrasse / Mühlenpatt) . Immediately south of the crossing through the Mühlenpatt to the crossing through the Bräukebach, which forms the border to the Kirchhellen-Mitte district, the Hardinghausen area (in the sense of a statistical sub-district) stretches almost 1 km to the western edge of the A 31.

To the east beyond the autobahn, about 2.4 km long, the north-east running power lines along the former railway line, which follow the Schölsbach in the southern part, form the border of the district to the north-west and the border between Ekels and Overhagen. 

Kirchhellen-Nord-West is divided into a total of six building block groups, two of which more or less form the Holthausen district, two are in Hardinghausen and two contain parts of both Ekel and Hardinghausen (in brackets, areas and population figures as of December 31, 2017 ):

  • 731 (4.45 km²; 213 inhabitants) Nothellen / Im Loh
  • 732 (4.81 km²; 70 inhabitants) Hardinghausen-West ( Kirchheller Heide , Dinslaken airfield / Schwarze Heide )
  • 733 (2.21 km²; 256 inhabitants) Alt-Hardinghausen
  • 734 (2.71 km²; 305 inhabitants) Ekel- / Hardinghausen-Ost
  • 735 (7.16 km²; 50 inhabitants) Holthausen-West (Kirchheller Heide, Prosper-Haniel V mine )
  • 736 (4.13 km²; 585 inhabitants) Holthausen (-East)

The eastern building block 734 is separated from the two central districts of Ekels and Hardinghausen (731 and 733) by Münsterstraße ; these are in turn separated from each other by Gahlener Straße . The Alte Postweg , which separates the western parts (Kirchheller Heide, 732 and 735) from the core settlement areas of Hardinghausen and Holthausen (736), goes south from Gahlener Straße . The Alte Postweg is also further south, in Grafenwald, Trennstraße. To the northeast of Gahlener Strasse, it becomes a side street that turns into a forest path at the “partial district” border to Ekel.

Feldhausen and Overhagen

In terms of area, the (eastern) half of the statistical district of Kirchhellen-Nord-Ost consists of the village Feldhausen , in which almost 70% of the district's residents live. The border to rural Overhagen forms the Dorstener Straße , which largely corresponds to the "partial district" border. 

Kirchhellen-Nord-Ost is divided into a total of five building block groups, three of which more or less form the Feldhausen district and two Overhagen (areas and population figures as of December 31, 2017 in brackets):

  • 741 (2.67 km²; 161 inhabitants) Overhagen-Nord
  • 742 (2.55 km²; 127 inhabitants) Feldhausen-Nord
  • 743 (1.39 km²; 31 inhabitants) Feldhausen-Ost (Movie Park, Beck Castle)
  • 744 (3.53 km²; 608 inhabitants) Overhagen-Süd
  • 745 (1.53 km²; 1,579 inhabitants) Feldhausen-Süd (Kernort, Wald and Schanzenhof)

The two districts of the statistical district of Kirchhellen-Nord-Ost are divided centrally in a west-east direction by Feldhausener Strasse into a north and a south part. In the very east of Feldhausen, the railway line also separates an eastern section with Movie Park Germany in the north and Beck Castle in the south.

numbers

Kirchhellen extends over an area of ​​58.46 km² and has a border length of 43 km. According to the Bottrop population statistics of December 31, 2017, 20,607 people (9,996 male and 10,611 female) currently live here, of which over 10,000 are in Kirchhellen-Mitte and over 5,000 in Grafenwald. Almost 2,000 people live in Feldhausen, with a further 2,000 in the four rural districts.

While in Alt-Bottrop (96,238 inhabitants on 42.2 km²) an average of 2280 people per km² live, a maximum (statistical district Old Town : 5,468 inhabitants on 0.66 km²) even over 8,250, the number in the Kirchhellen district ranges from that in Kirchhellen Middle (10,913; 4.73 km²) reached the old Bottrop average value down to 58 in the rural areas (Kirchhellen-Nord-West: 1,489; 25.47 km²). On average, there are 352 inhabitants per square kilometer in the Kirchhellen district, which is roughly the same as for Kirchhellen-Süd / Grafenwald.

Overall, Kirchhellen represents around 18% of the total population of Bottrop (116,845) and around 58% of the total area of ​​Bottrop (100.62 km²).

history

Early history

The first traces of human settlement can be found in Kirchhellen for the period of the early Middle Ages. Due to the industrial sand extraction and the destruction of old layers, archaeological finds are rather rare. The loose sandy soil, in addition to loam formations, made it easier for the farmers to cultivate the fields. The sand was carried into this area by branches of the Rhine , which stretched as far as Kirchhellen shortly after the last Ice Age.

"Hillen" is one of the oldest church foundations south of the Lippe in the area that was later referred to in the documents as Vest Recklinghausen . Archbishop Pilgrim of Cologne (1021-1036) donated the parish church (later attested as Sanctus Johannes Baptista) in 1032 to Deutz Abbey, which already owned the census. 1147 confirmed Pope Eugene III. this donation. A new Romanesque church was built around 1250, apparently after the previous church was completely or partially demolished. All written sources are missing.

The sexton of the Abbey Deutz Theodericus Aedituus first mentioned the place "Hillen" around 1160. It is possible that Kirchhellen already belonged to the founding of the Deutz Abbey in 1002. Without any actual evidence, it could be assumed that there was a church in Kirchhellen in the 10th century (during the Ottonian period). The Deutz Abbey remained in possession of the church until 1767.

Around 1226–1240 the abbess of the Dussere (Duissern) Regenwidis von Hillen founded a Cistercian convent on her allodial property in Deffte (south of Holthausen, today Grafenwald ) as a branch of the Duissern monastery and received a letter of protection from Cologne's Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden in 1240. Konrad von Recklinghausen, a judge in Vest Recklinghausen and a brother of the abbess, transferred the Deffte estate to her. Between 1255 and 1264 the monastery was relocated to the neighboring Sterkrade, as it was first mentioned there in 1264 as the Sterkrade Monastery .

At that time the Cologne church owned an upper courtyard in Kirchhellen. At the end of the 13th century, the arch-monastery Oberhof was annexed to the Oberhof Recklinghausen with 38 lower courtyards and remained there. The feudal owners were the barons of Hillen zu Kirchhellen († February 24, 1306 Conrad de Hillen, son of Heinrich de Hillen ff.). The family "von Hillen" first appeared in a document in 1240. The family lived at Kirchhellen Castle, which burned down in 1585. Even if you can't find any traces of it today, you can still make out its location: on the site between today's Burgstrasse and Wellbraucksweg opposite Kaplan-Xanten-Strasse. It was probably also this family who built the first church in "Hellen" as early as the 9th century.

Already from the 11th / 12th In the 19th century, the news came that the Marienkloster in Münster in Überwasser also had income from a Kirchhellen property (“in Kirchelle mansus super Rode”). Werner von Havixbeck owned a manse (rural farm) in Kirchhellen in the 12th century as a fiefdom for the monastery. In 1489, an infirmary is mentioned in old documents in Dorsten, “harsh on the border with Kirchhellen” .

In 1372, Emperor Karl IV. Reiner and Adolf von Westerholt confirmed the Vestische Reichsvogtei, which is said to have included a court in Kirchhellen.

Modern times (from 1500)

Kirchhellen was a parish in Vest Recklinghausen and was administered from the city of Dorsten as part of the western Untervest from 1600 at the latest. The vest belonged to the Electorate of Cologne. In 1723 a carriage post office was set up in Kirchhellen, which, coming from Sterkrade, led through Kirchheller Heide (Alter Postweg) and Kirchhellen on to Dorsten. In 1803, Vest Recklinghausen and with it the parish of Kirchhellen came into the possession of the Duke of Arenberg. In 1811, under Napoleonic rule, the vest was added to the Grand Duchy of Berg, in which Kirchhellen formed its own mairie ; the first Maire (mayor) was the Baron von Wenge on House Beck.

After Napoleon's defeat against Prussia and the associated reorganization, Vest Recklinghausen came to the Kingdom of Prussia in its province of Westphalia , administrative district of Münster . The organizational structures of the French were adopted and "Germanized". Kirchhellen became a mayor's office and was incorporated into the newly created Recklinghausen district in 1816. In 1815 Kirchhellen had 3,459 inhabitants, while the neighboring village of Bottrop only had 2,535 inhabitants. Mayor was Wilhelm Tourneau, who from 1821 also headed the neighboring mayor's office in Bottrop / Osterfeld. On January 1, 1821, Kirchhellen was reunited with the Ekel farmers who had come to Dorsten under Napoleonic rule. In 1824 the village school was rebuilt on what is now the "Old Market Square".

In 1832 Kirchhellen was united with Bottrop and Osterfeld to form a large mayor's office. From this, the offices of Bottrop and Kirchhellen arose in 1844 on the basis of the Prussian rural community order for the province of Westphalia from 1841 , which were initially administered in personal union. The first joint bailiff was the previous mayor Wilhelm Tourneau. In 1840/41 the first attempts to drill for coal were made in the village, but without success.

Since 1858, Kirchhellen as a rural community in the Recklinghausen district finally formed its own office. In 1886 the Kirchhellen volunteer fire brigade was founded following increasingly urgent demands from the district administrator.

In 1917 the old village church was completely destroyed by fire. After a makeshift renovation, it served as an emergency church for a while, while a new church was planned. The new St. John's Church , consecrated in 1925, was also built a few hundred meters from the old church square in the center of the village. The street leading along the former church site is named accordingly ("Am alten Kirchplatz"), and there is now a memorial on the square itself. The Kirchhellen office was abolished in 1934. From then until January 1, 1975, Kirchhellen was an unofficial community in the Recklinghausen district.

Before the start of the Second World War, a Luftwaffe field airfield was laid out in Kirchhellen on the instructions of Luftgaukommando VI (Münster) (today Dinslaken / Schwarze Heide airfield). In the Kirchhellen area from 1939 up to ten light and heavy flak batteries with guns from 2 cm to 12.8 cm caliber with at times up to about 800 soldiers of the Luftwaffe, including Luftwaffe helpers. They belonged to the Flak Regiment 46 (3rd Air Force Division), which protected the northern edge of the Ruhr area. There should u. a. the night battle group NSGr. 2, the Destroyer Squadron 1 (1./ZG 1), Kampfgeschwader 4 (2./KG 4) and the Jagdgeschwader 26 (2./JG 26) as well as an air intelligence center (219 / XI) of the Nazi Air Force. From March 26 to 28, 1945, parts of the 35th US fought. Infantry Division (120th US Infantry Regiment) and the 8th US Panzer Division (58th US Panzer Battalion) in the Kirchhellen municipality with the German Panzer Regiment 16 and the Panzer Grenadier Regiment 60 (116th Panzer Division "Greyhound"). During these days the general of the armored troops Heinrich Freiherr von Lüttwitz led the entire operations south of the Lippe with the staff of XXXXVII. Panzer Corps, which had set up its command post in the building of the later monastery in Kirchhellen.

From 1941, bombing raids severely damaged the old town center; most of the historic village was destroyed by an aerial mine on May 1, 1943. The church in Feldhausen was badly damaged by an aerial bomb on March 13, 1945, shortly before the American invasion of March 29.

Municipal reorganization in the 1970s

As part of the municipal reorganization of North Rhine-Westphalia , Kirchhellen was transformed into the independent city of Bottrop by the Ruhr Area Act of July 9, 1974 (GV. NW. 1974 p. 256) with effect from January 1, 1975 together with the previously independent city of Gladbeck incorporated. Colloquially, this structure was called " Glabotki ".

The city of Gladbeck sued this merger and achieved a correction of the territorial reform. With the judgment of the Constitutional Court for the State of North Rhine-Westphalia of December 6, 1975, Az. 13/74, the merger of the cities of Bottrop and Gladbeck and the municipality of Kirchhellen ordered by the Ruhr Area Law was declared null and void. The so-called Nicholas judgment said that proximity to the citizen and higher administrative efficiency were not given by the merger. But this was exactly the reason for the legal restructuring of the places.

Kirchhellen and Gladbeck initially regained their independence on December 6, 1975 when the court found the merger to be null and void.

With the following law amending the Ruhr Area Act of June 1, 1976 (GV. NW. 1976 p. 221), Gladbeck was incorporated into the Recklinghausen district as a district with effect from July 1, 1976, and Kirchhellen was finally merged with Bottrop on the same date , after the municipality of Kirchhellen and the city of Bottrop had concluded an area change agreement confirmed by the aforementioned amendment law on May 14, 1976. The abandonment of independence took place at that time against the sometimes considerable resistance of the Kirchhellen population. Ultimately, however, the merger with Bottrop brought about the restructuring plans that the legislature had in the meantime devised after the judgment to break up Kirchhellen and integrate the respective parts of the community into the city of Gelsenkirchen (together with Gladbeck) and Essen (here together with Bottrop) before and thus preserved the traditional Kirchhellen structures.

Since then, Kirchhellen has formed the independent city of Bottrop in its current form and extent alongside Alt-Bottrop (districts Bottrop-Mitte and -Süd).

The areas of the Ekel peasantry ceded to the city of Dorsten on January 1, 1975 were finally ceded to Dorsten with effect from July 1, 1976. About 450 people lived in this area at that time.

The registry office in Kirchhellen was closed at the end of 2014 due to the austerity requirements of the budget restructuring plan. In addition to the registry office, the pension office in the Kirchhellen district administration office was also affected by this closure.

Population development from the 19th century

The industrialization of the Ruhr area in the 19th century generally resulted in a strong population growth. While in the villages south of Kirchhellen the population rose by leaps and bounds due to the coal and steel industry, this was not the case in Kirchhellen. While Kirchhellen had 2,130 inhabitants in 1809, it was around 3,400 in 1885. Gelsenkirchen already had over 20,000 and Bochum over 40,000 inhabitants at that time. The reason was the at that time not yet available technical means for the mining of the lower lying coal reserves under Kirchhellen and more northern areas, so that there was no industrial settlement here and the population did not increase as strongly as in other parts of the Ruhr area.

After the end of the Second World War, the reorganization of the community began with the sharp increase in population. This increase resulted in part from the now technologized coal mining and the associated northern migration of the mining sites of the Prosper-Haniel mine into seam areas below Kirchhellen. The northern migration of the mining sites resulted in the development of the new northern field in the "Nordlicht" mine field in the Kirchheller Heide in the mid-1970s, from which shaft 10 (Prosper V) emerged until 1981, which went into operation as a new cableway and material shaft system and in 2018 was shut down (see Prosper-Haniel mine / north hike) . Before the first incorporation of Kirchhellen into Bottrop in 1975, Kirchhellen already had 14,759 inhabitants, as of 1974 (see Bottrop / population development) .

The steady population growth in the recent past to this day is due to the attractiveness of Kirchhellen, especially for families from the surrounding large cities, who move to Kirchhellen because of its still village character and the rural idyll in the direct vicinity of the metropolitan Ruhr area, but also to the north bordering Münsterland. Kirchhellen currently has 20,607 inhabitants (as of 2017).

Former Kirchhellen aristocratic houses

In Kirchhellen, the Brabeck family is the ancestral home of the von Brabeck family , whose influence at that time is evident in the form of the adoption of essential components of the family coat of arms (3 wolf fishing rods) in the Kirchhellen coat of arms.

Also to be mentioned are Haus Beck in Feldhausen, Haus Dringenburg in Hardinghausen, Haus Hackfurth am Freistuhl Hackfurt, Haus Repel in the Ekel farming community, Vettenbocholt Haus in the Feldhausen farming community (in today's Dorsten area), the Rynsche Hof (in today's Dorsten area) and the former Kirchhellen Castle (located between Wellbraucksweg and Burgstraße).

politics

coat of arms

In 1937 the municipality of Kirchhellen received its own coat of arms. It originated from the coats of arms of the Hackfort houses (silver shield with blue crossbar) and Brabeck (black shield with 3 golden wolf fish). These traditional heraldic elements of the two family coats of arms were combined in the Kirchhellen coat of arms to form a silver (white) shield with three black wolf rods, applied in a 2: 1 arrangement and separated by a central blue crossbar.

After the incorporation of Kirchhellen into the independent city of Bottrop in 1975 as part of the municipal reorganization of North Rhine-Westphalia, the coat of arms was discarded, but the 3 black wolf rods and the white-blue color scheme were incorporated into the 1978 new design of the Bottrop coat of arms. The old Kirchhellen coat of arms is still current and very common in Kirchhellen, both at Kirchhellen festivals or special occasions, but also in general as an expression of the Kirchhellen independence, which has been preserved to this day despite the merger with Bottrop.

Attractions

Religions

Kirchhellen, Church of St. John the Baptist
The youth monastery of the Redemptorists and the Protestant Pauluskirche in Kirchhellen from the air (August 2009)

In Kirchhellen-Mitte is the Catholic St. John's Church with its green oxidized copper roof, which can be seen from afar . There are also branch churches in the Grafenwald district (Holy Family) and in the Feldhausen district (Assumption of Mary). Unlike the rest of the Bottrop districts belonging to the Ruhr Diocese of Essen, Kirchhellen belongs to the Diocese of Münster . The St. John's Church is best known for its nativity scene exhibition that takes place in the church at Christmas time, which also attracts many visitors from neighboring cities. The Redemptorist Youth Monastery is also located on the main street.

The Grafenwälder and the Feldhausen parishes merged with the St. Johannes parish church in Kirchhellen to form a common parish on January 1st 2007 due to a new parish concept of the diocese of Münster.

The Pauluskirche in Kirchhellen-Mitte belongs to the Protestant parish. Another evangelical community center is located in the Grafenwald district.

There is also a New Apostolic Church in Kirchhellen-Mitte.

Confessional distribution: Catholic 56.2%, Protestant around 20.6%, other / no denomination 23.2% (as of 2017).

Events

Shooting festival

According to the chronicle, the Kirchhellener Schützen were first mentioned in 1585. At that time, however, under the old place name Kerkhellen. The Kirchhellener Schützen fought against the hordes of Elector Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg during the Cologne War to defend their belongings. It is not known whether a shooting festival was already being celebrated at that time.

A special feature can already be found in the name. The Kirchhellener Schützengesellschaft is not a registered association, like almost all shooting clubs, but a company that is re-established in the year of the respective shooting festival, which is celebrated every 3 years.

The shooting festival year begins with the appeal of the royal couple to their people. This call is made together with the pretzel king couple. The royal couple orders that, according to an ancient custom, the bird should be shot. The shooters then come to the founding meeting in February of the shooting festival year. This is where the company is founded. Statutes are established and the elected board is charged with preparing the festival. To prepare the shooters for the shooting festival, four exercises are held every 14 days. During these exercises, the Kirchhellen men put themselves on the rifle lists. The competition takes place with a wooden rifle and cap. The third exercise is the king exercise, which is held with a special effort. The actual shooting festival begins on the first Saturday of September and lasts for three days. The shooting festival begins with a ceremony at the memorial and ends on Monday with the coronation ball for the new royal couple. After the festival, the Kirchhellener Allgemeine Bürger- und Schützengesellschaft dissolves. The traditional pretzel festival follows on the Tuesday after the Schützenfest.

Pretzel festival

Every three years, the pretzel festival is celebrated in Kirchhellen on the Tuesday after the first weekend in September - following the 3-day shooting festival. The highlight of the pretzel festival is - in addition to the big pretzel parade - the pretzel throwing in the morning. The new pretzel king is determined by throwing wooden sticks on the hanging giant pretzel. Whoever throws the last remnant of the pretzel from a high pole with his throwing force becomes king. Then he will be pretzel king for the next three years and thus the head of all currently around 2,000 pretzel brothers and sisters in Kirchhellen. The new pretzel king is looking for a pretzel queen, with whom he will take part in the big pretzel parade in the king's carriage in the afternoon.

The Kirchhellen pretzel festival was born in 1883, when a group of Kirchhelleners, also known as “D Körper”, sat together around wine merchants Feldmann, Theodor Allekotte, Johann Schumacher and Franz Xanten, who had previously celebrated the shooting festival. After the Schützenfest, the men found it difficult to find their way back to normal everyday life, which is why the idea of holding a mare festival came up spontaneously . They marched to the village baker and bought a large mares there. It was hung on a long pole. Field stones were thrown at it. Each participant paid 25 pfennigs, the proceeds should be available to the “mare king” to entertain his subjects. The first mare king was Franz Xanten. He took Lisette Otterbeck as queen. Every registered mare thrower received the "Xanten House Order" in the form of a pretzel on a ribbon and immediately afterwards they went through the village in one go.

Since then, the pretzel festival has been celebrated by the Kirchhellener Brezelgesellschaft in 1883 directly after the shooting festival. The “Brezelaner” traditionally wear a blue pretzel smock and a red scarf. In 2003 a bronze pretzel brother was set up in the center of Kirchhellen - on Johann-Breuker-Platz. In 2010 there was also the bronze group “Woman with Child”. Since 2002, the Kirchhellener Brezelgesellschaft has maintained relationships with the pretzel partner town of Speyer, where a pretzel festival is also celebrated every year .

Bobsleigh

The Kirchhellen bobsleigh race takes place every three years in the district of Holthausen. With self-made soap boxes, the participants drive down the almost 333 meter long route on Hiesfelder Straße (starting point: corner of Utschlagstraße). A crew consists of a total of three participants: driver, brakeman and pusher. The pusher is allowed to accelerate the vehicle over a distance of 25 meters and must then have found a place in the bobsleigh at the latest. The vehicle may not be pushed again until the end of the route at the “Heuweg” intersection. Due to mining subsidence, the soapboxes have rushed to the finish line faster and faster in recent years: The last winner from 2009 overcame the route in 42.8 seconds, while in previous years it usually took between 44 and 45 seconds to win.

The bobsleigh race is scheduled for a total of three days. On Friday, the event usually opens with a big party on the meadow behind the restaurant "Zum Weisse Igel". The total of almost 30 teams (each team consists of about ten people) choose the most beautiful “pit slut” of the year and can then spend the night in the “paddock”. The actual race begins on the following Saturday after a warm-up.

The “KC Keeping Pace” recorded its first victory at the premiere in 2002. The women's division of this team was able to win in the women's category. In the subsequent races in 2003, 2006 and 2009, the "KC Rompas-Tompas" won with the fastest time. In 2009 the SC “Ladykracher” won the women's race.

Peasant Olympics

The Kirchhellen Farmers' Olympics have been held every three years on the Steinmann farm since 1987. This begins on Pentecost Saturday with a move through the town center. Various games of skill take place on Pentecost Sunday, in which around 1000 participants compete against each other in 100 teams.

Kirchhellen motorcycle veterans rally

First launched in 1986, it now takes place every two years, in September. It is organized by the Veterans Club Kirchhellen.

Westphalian classic car meeting

Every two years on the first weekend in July, the Westphalian classic car meeting takes place on Johann-Breuker-Platz. Around 600 oldtimers, youngtimers and old motorcycles built before 1975 are involved in this meeting. This meeting is known far beyond the borders of Kirchhellen and attracts several thousand visitors.

Economy and Infrastructure

Companies

The following companies are based in Kirchhellen

  • Movie Park Germany GmbH, amusement park
  • Amusement park Schloss Beck
  • Allweiler GmbH (pump manufacturer)
  • KWE Klein & Wilhelm Engineering GmbH, produces special gearboxes and drive components with 95 employees.

traffic

Road traffic

Kirchhellen is connected to the German trunk road network via the federal highway 3 (junction Dinslaken-Nord / Kirchhellen ) and the federal highway 31 (junction Kirchhellen and Kirchhellen-Nord ). Bundesstraße 225 runs between the Kirchhellen-Nord junction and the city limits to Dorsten .

Rail transport

The Feldhausen stop is in the Kirchhellen district of Feldhausen . It is served by lines RE 14, RB 43 and RB 44 every hour. The lines have direct connections to Borken , Dorsten , Oberhausen , Essen , Herne and Dortmund . Between 1879 and 1960 Kirchhellen had its own train station on the Duisburg – Quakenbrück railway line . This was located on the eastern edge of the center of Kirchhellen.

From 1930 to 1964 tram line 17 of the Vestische ran between Gladbeck and Kirchhellen .

Bus transport

A total of four bus routes operated by Vestische Straßenbahnen GmbH run from the central Schulze-Delitzsch-Straße stop . The SB16 line connects Kirchhellen with Bottrop-Zentrum ( ZOB ), Bottrop Hbf and Essen . The SB36 line goes to Gladbeck Westbahnhof , Gladbeck ZOB Oberhof and Gelsenkirchen Hbf . Line 267 runs from Feldhausen train station via Kirchhellen to Bottrop ZOB. Line 297 connects Kirchhellen and Dorsten ZOB.

air traffic

About five kilometers northwest of the center of Kirchhellen is the Dinslaken / Schwarze Heide airfield . The closest airports are Düsseldorf Airport, around 50 kilometers away, and Dortmund Airport, around 65 kilometers away.

Associations and institutions

  • Pretzel Society Kirchhellen 1883
  • Shooting Society (around 500 years old)
  • Kolping family founded in 1900
  • VfB Kirchhellen founded in 1920
  • Ländl. Riding and Driving Association Kirchhellen eV founded in 1925
  • Kirchhellen volunteer fire brigade founded in 1886
  • Feldhausen volunteer fire brigade founded in 1940
  • Grafenwald volunteer fire brigade founded in 1940
  • German Red Cross local association Kirchhellen founded in 1929
  • Catholic young community St. Johannes dT Kirchhellen founded in 2012
  • Catholic rural youth movement in Kirchhellen founded in 1948
  • German Forest Youth - Horst Kirchhellen founded in 1987
  • Philipp Neri eV founded in 2004
  • Modellflugclub Oberhausen eV (since 1978 club area / airfield in Kirchhellen)
  • Veteranen-Club-Kirchhellen (VCK) founded 1982 (motorcycles)
  • Advertising community Kirchhellen eV
  • Association for local and local history Kirchhellen founded in 1913

schools

  • Grafenwald primary school
  • Gregor Elementary School
  • Johannes Primary School
  • Marien Primary School
  • Matthias-Claudius Elementary School
  • Vestisches Gymnasium
  • Secondary school Kirchhellen
  • Hauptschule Kirchhellen (to be dissolved in 2020; the secondary school is now located at this location)

Personalities

Web links

  • Kirchhellen.de
  • kirchhellen.online
  • Kirchhellen in the Westphalia Culture Atlas
  • Mapping service on gis.bottrop.de - the layer can Gebietseinteilung_Allgemein be loaded, the lower districts , the actual neighborhoods and districts indicate the statistical digit over-districts; In the "Territorial division_Statistics" layer, building block groups and building blocks are displayed in addition to statistical districts.

literature

  • Hans Büning: 1000 years of St. Johannes Kirchhellen. Ed. V. the parish of St. Johannes Kirchhellen, Kirchhellen 1985.
  • Hans Büning, Johannes Rottmann: The streets and ways of Kirchhellen (= series of publications of the Association for Orts- und Heimatkunde Kirchhellen 18). Bottrop-Kirchhellen 1988.
  • Elke Dißelbeck-Tewes: Medieval convents between Lippe and Ruhr. In: Ferdinand Seibt, Ludger Tewes, u. a. (Ed.): Forgotten times. Middle Ages in the Ruhr Area, Vol. 2. Essen 1990, ISBN 3-89355-052-6 , pp. 153–156 (Cistercian convent in Kirchhellen-Grafenwald).
  • Wilhelm Kohl : Westphalian history. From the beginnings to the end of the Old Kingdom , 1st volume, Düsseldorf 1983, ISBN 3-590-34211-0 .
  • Heinrich Pennings: History of the city of Recklinghausen and its surroundings , 1st volume, Recklinghausen 1930.
  • August Peters: The settlements and population conditions of the Recklinghausen district. In: Vestische Zeitschrift, 22, 1912, pp. 1ff.
  • Theo Täpper: Kirchhellener Heide through the ages . In: Vestischer Kalender, vol. 58, 1987, pp. 179–181.
  • Ludger Tewes : Youth at War. By air force helpers and soldiers 1939–1945. Verlag Reimar Hobbing, Essen 1989, ISBN 3-920460-49-9 . {About Kirchhellen, pages 37-50, 195-227, 273-301, 329-356.}
  • Series of publications by the Association for Local and Local History Kirchhellen, Bottrop-Kirchhellen until 2019, 50 volumes.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j All boundaries and areas of the city districts, unless the sum of statistical districts (which always applies to Kirchhellen), via polygon measurement in the map service on gis.bottrop.de - the layer regional division_Allgemein must be loaded and districts (not: districts ) must be activated. The districts layer can be used to load not only the district boundaries (in the sense of "sub-district" boundaries), the boundaries of the statistical districts, which are only visible on a rough scale (up to 1: 40,000); the layer Territory Division_Statistics shows the statistical districts up to 1: 20,000.
  2. ↑ There are u. a. nor the districts in the sense of statistical over-districts - in this Kirchhellen is one of seven, cf. List of districts and districts of Bottrop
  3. ↑ a b Statistical Yearbook 2013 Bottrop ( Memento from February 7, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) with area information on the statistical districts on page 23 (PDF; 2.9 MB)
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h Statistical Yearbook 2017. (PDF) City of Bottrop, p. 44 , accessed on July 2, 2019 .
  5. ↑ Area of ​​the statistical district Kirchhellen-Mitte: 3.53 Kirchhellen-Mitte + (0.53 - 0.01 + 0.08) from Hardinghausen + (0.37 + 0.32 - 0.02) from Overhagen - 0, 07 to Holthausen
  6. ↑ Area of ​​the statistical district Kirchhellen-Süd / Grafenwald: 13.95 Grafenwald + (0.46 + 0.06) from Holthausen + 2.12 from Overhagen
  7. ↑ Further information on the Kirchhellen-Mitte district website ( memento from October 19, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) on bottrop.de
  8. ↑ From the building block group Kirchhellen-Mitte-Nord (711) lie, in two Sergmenten, 0.08 km² (west of 71101 and 71108) and 0.53 km² (west part of the industrial area Felsstraße ; building blocks 71102-71106) in the "partial district "Hardinghausen as well as, also in two segments, 0.32 km² (eastern part of the Felsstraße industrial area, building blocks 71107, 71113 and 71114) and 0.01 km² (south of 71154, minimal shares in the extreme east of 71156) in the" part of the district "Overhagen
  9. ↑ 0.36 km² of 712 Kirchhellen-Mitte-Süd (building blocks 71208, 71209, 71211, 71212, 71214, 71224, 71230, 71232, 71233, 71236, 71240, 71241 and east of 71242) are in the "partial district “Overhagen.
  10. ↑ Further information on the Grafenwald / Holthausen district website ( memento from February 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on bottrop.de
  11. ↑ From the building block group 721 Grafenwald-West belong 0.06 km² (extreme north-west of building block 7101 to the "partial district" Holthausen)
  12. ↑ Of the building block group 722 Grafenwald-Nord, 0.38 km² (northeast of building block 72202) belong to the "partial district" Holthausen
  13. ↑ 0.08 km² (north of blue block 72504, extreme northeast of 72503) belong to the "partial district" Holthausen of the 725 Grafenwald-Mitte building block group
  14. ↑ From the building block group 726 Grafenwald-Südost belong 0.71 km² (building block 72612, north of 72602) in the "sub-district" Overhagen
  15. ↑ Further information on the district page Hardinghausen / Ekel ( Memento from February 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on bottrop.de
  16. ↑ A total of 0.07 km² of the Holthausen-Ost building block group (736) are in the "partial district" of Kirchhellen-Mitte (east of building block 73635 and, separately, the extreme southeast of 73629)
  17. ↑ Further information on the district site Feldhausen / Oberhagen ( memento from February 6, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) on bottrop.de
  18. ↑ A total of 0.71 km² (building blocks 74101-74103, north of 74104) of the building block group Overhagen-Nord (741) are in the "partial district" Ekel. 0.07 km² in the extreme south-east of the building block group (part of the 74109 building block) is actually in the "sub-district" Feldhausen, a minimal part (extreme southwest of 74110, less than 0.02 km²) in the "sub-district" Kirchhellen Mitte .
  19. ↑ 0.06 km² of the Feldhausen-Nord building block group (742) belong to the "partial district" Overhagen (west of 74206).
  20. ↑ 0.21 km² in the northeast of the building block group 744 Overhagen-Süd (west of each of the building blocks 74401 and 74405) are in the "part of the district" Feldhausen, 0.02 km² in the "part of the district" of Kirchhellen-Mitte (extreme west of 74412).
  21. ↑ 0.05 km² in the extreme south of the building block group 745 Feldhausen-Süd ( Schanzenhof , south of building block 74522) are in the "partial district" Overhagen.
  22. ^ Ludger Tewes: Middle Ages in the Ruhr Area. Settlement on the Westphalian Hellweg between Essen and Dortmund (13th to 16th centuries). Schöningh, Paderborn 1997, p. 486-490: Maps 2 to 6 floor sculpture, traffic routes, natural space, elevation map, geological layers in the space between the Lippe, Rhine and Ruhr.
  23. ↑ Ludger Tewes: On the concept of "Vestes Recklinghausen". In: Vestische Zeitschrift 82/83 1983/1984, p. 330.
  24. ^ Ludger Tewes: Middle Ages in the Ruhr Area. Schöningh, Paderborn 1997, pp. 1-8: an overview of the preserved sources of the spiritual manors of Essen Abbey, Werden Abbey, Xanten Abbey and Deutz Abbey, which were related to Kirchhellen.
  25. ^ Then continue with Hans Büning: 1000 years of St. Johannes Kirchhellen, 1985.
  26. ↑ Elke Disselbeck-Tewes: From the Order of Cistercians: A medieval convent in 1240 in Kirchhellen. In: Vestischer Kalender 60th Jg., Recklinghausen 1989, pp. 207-209.
  27. ↑ Elke Disselbeck-Tewes: The foundation of a medieval convent, Sterkrade / Oberhausen area. In: Das Münster am Hellweg, 41 1988, pp. 54–63.
  28. ↑ GenWiki (Association for Computer Genealogy) - Article Kirchhellen (Bottrop)
  29. ↑ a small chronology of the city of Bottrop (compiled by Stefan Krix)
  30. ^ City of Bottrop: City portrait of Kirchhellen-Mitte. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 19, 2013 ; Retrieved October 17, 2013 .
  31. ↑ Ludger Tewes: Kaiser Karls IV. Constructive conservatism using the example of the Archbishopric of Cologne 1372. In: Bohemia 28, Heft 1, 1987, pp. 119–122.
  32. ^ A b Hans Büning, Johannes Rottmann: Guide through Kirchhellen . In: Association for Orts- und Heimatkunde Kirchhellen (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Association for Orts- und Heimatkunde Kirchhellen . No. 25 , 1994.
  33. ^ Official Journal of the Münster government 1844: Formation of the offices of Bottrop and Kirchhellen
  34. ^ Official Journal of the Münster government 1858: Separation of the administration of the offices of Bottrop and Kirchhellen
  35. ↑ Chronicle - Voluntary Fire Brigade Kirchhellen. Retrieved October 17, 2013 .
  36. ^ Karl Wessels: From the church fire in Kirchhellen. Vestischer Kalender 1923, pp. 67–68.
  37. ^ Wolfgang Leesch: Administration in Westphalia 1815-1945 . In: Publications of the Historical Commission for Westphalia . tape 38 . Aschendorff, Münster 1992, ISBN 3-402-06845-1 .
  38. ↑ Ludger Tewes: Youth in War. By air force helpers and soldiers 1939-1945. Reimar Hobbing Verlag, Essen 1989, ISBN 3-920460-49-9 , pp. 195-227.
  39. ↑ Ludger Tewes: The Second World War in the Bottrop area and the surrounding area 1943-1945. With a representation of the battles south of the Lippe around Kirchhellen and Bottrop from March 24 to April 1, 1945 (=  contributions to Bottrop history, 8). Verlag Postberg, Bottrop 1985, pp. 71-100.
  40. ↑ Hans Büning, Heinrich Steinberg: Beller un Vertellkes . 1981.
  41. ↑ a b c d Federal Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 311 .
  42. ↑ OVGE MüLü pp. 284–290, FHOeffR 30 No. 4835
  43. ↑ Martin Bünermann, Heinz Köstering: The communities and districts after the municipal territorial reform in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1975, ISBN 3-555-30092-X , p. 88 f .
  44. ↑ http://www.bottrop.de/rathaus/Pressemitteilungen.php?showpm=true&pmurl=http://www.bottrop.de/guiapplications/newsdesk/publications/Stadt_Bottrop/113010100000152115.php (link not available)
  45. ↑ Johannes Rottmann: The noble houses of Kirchhellens Part 1 . In: Association for Orts- und Heimatkunde Kirchhellen (Hrsg.): Series of publications of the Association for Orts- und Heimatkunde Kirchhellen . No. 15 , 1985.
  46. ↑ Heidhof Environmental Education Station ( Memento from March 13, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  47. ↑ Kirchhellen Youth Monastery
  48. ↑ vck.de