Lea Rosh

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Lea Rosh (2012)

Lea Rosh [ ʁoːs ] (* 1. October 1936 in Berlin as Edith Renate Ursula Rosh ) is a German television journalist , author and journalist . In the 1990s she was the director of the NDR regional broadcasting company in Hanover and thus, alongside Ulrike Wolf at the MDR, one of the first women in Germany to head a broadcasting company. She was the first presenter for the political magazine Kennzeichen D.

Her life's work is her successful commitment to the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe in Berlin.

Life

Rosh studied history , sociology and journalism at the Free University of Berlin . She then completed several traineeships .

In 1961 she started as a radio reporter at RIAS and later moderated a fashion show on SFB television. In 1973 Rosh switched to the North German Broadcasting Corporation (NDR) in Hamburg and hosted the TV series ARD-Ratgeber: Technik there . Together with Luc Jochimsen, she developed the women's forum magazine at NDR . From 1982, she worked for the ZDF -Studio in Berlin and became the first woman ever to moderate the political magazine registration D . Because of her “relentless thirst for questions” she became famous with the talk shows III nach 9 (Radio Bremen, 1982 to 1989) and Friday night (SFB, until 1991).

From January 2002 Rosh presented together with Gaby Hauptmann the literary program “Welcome to the Club - People and Books 2002”, which was broadcast for a few months by the TV channels VOX and XXP . She has also written several documentaries.

Head of the NDR State Broadcasting House

Rosh headed the NDR-Landesfunkhaus in Hanover from 1991 to 1997 and was the first woman in this position. Her appointment was supported by the then Prime Minister of Lower Saxony, Gerhard Schröder . She made sure that her called "fascist" Niedersachsen song ( "Where sank the Welsh breeding in Lower Saxony Bergen, Lower Saxony to anger?") Could only be broadcast without text.

In 1992 Rosh had "on a short official channel " prevented an NDR satire of the series extra Drei about a property inquiry by Rosh with the Potsdam mayor and SPD party friend Horst Gramlich . The then NDR program director Jürgen Kellermeier forced Rosh to apologize.

Lea Rosh around 1990

After a year and a half in office, journalist Heinrich Thies describes the controversy at NDR after Rosh took office. Your opponents blamed Rosh for significant drops in audience and audience numbers. According to various studies, “NDR-Radio Niedersachsen” has lost hundreds of thousands of listeners since taking office, and the audience rating for the daily regional program “Hallo Niedersachsen” has fallen from twelve to eight percent. "The top leadership, carefully formed according to party proportion, crumbles". The former senior editor Peter Staisch , close to the CDU, had switched to the private broadcaster n-tv as editor-in-chief , similar to Jürgen Köster as program director of the radio station radio ffn . "Against his will, she used poorly qualified moderators, remodeled the program structure, failed to understand that she was at the helm of a local broadcaster and couldn't do any problem radio."

In contrast, 36 signatories of an open letter - editors, freelance and technical employees of the Landesfunkhaus - criticized radio director Köster, who in turn pissed off editors. They praised the new style that had returned to the Funkhaus with Lea Rosh: "Where decisions were made behind closed doors in the past, there is now an - albeit not always easy - open discussion about programs and program content."

During her further tenure, the radio and television programs for which Rosh was responsible quickly grew significantly in reach. According to media analysis, NDR 1 Radio Niedersachsen became the market leader in Lower Saxony in 1993, grew to become one of the most listened to radio programs nationwide and maintains its position as the most popular radio program in Lower Saxony to this day (Media Analysis 2013 / II: market share of 24.6%, people down 10 years, Mon-Sun; the program is heard by almost two million people every day).

With Rosh as director, the regional magazine “ Hallo Niedersachsen ” made the difficult move from the ARD community program to the NDR full program with an extension of half an hour of broadcasting time. After initially losing coverage, audience interest in “Hallo Niedersachsen” grew continuously and at times achieved a rate of more than 14%, so that in 1997, at the end of her tenure, Rosh was able to hand over a successful radio and television program to her successor Arno Beyer. From March 7, 1999, Hallo Niedersachsen will be broadcast daily, including on weekends (except for public holidays), on Sunday after initially a quarter of an hour broadcast since January 6, 2002, as usual, from 7:30 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. Clock.

PR agency and teaching assignments

Rosh runs a PR agency in Berlin and has been a lecturer in the field of moderation and media training at the University of Management and Communication (FH) Potsdam , which ceased operations at the beginning of 2010. She founded a communications and media office with her husband and worked with him to develop content-related concepts for combating “right-wing extremism in the new federal states” as well as advanced training events on “anti-Semitism in schools and society” for various state centers for political education.

Public role

Lea Rosh at the commemoration event for the 79th anniversary of the book burnings in Hanover 2012 (here at the introduction by Marc Beinsen)

Lea Rosh became known nationwide as a journalist and publicist, received several awards such as the Carl von Ossietzky Medal and was discussed several times as a minister during the Gerhard Schröder government .

In 2008 she appeared in the talk show parody Die Piloten, filmed by Christoph Schlingensief at the Berlin Academy of the Arts .

In Potsdam , Rosh campaigns for the reconstruction of the garrison church that was destroyed at the end of World War II and demolished in 1968 .

Rosh regularly organizes a salon in Berlin where she publicly interviews prominent guests on a controversial topic, initially together with Ulla Klingbeil, and later, until her death, with the Dahlem FDP chairwoman Susanne Thaler. Her guests included u. a. Veruschka Countess von Lehndorff , Vera Lengsfeld , Kreszentia Flauger and Friedbert Pflüger and Thilo Sarrazin . Rosh has been a member of the SPD since 1968 .

Commitment to the German coming to terms with the past

Death is a master from Germany and other documentaries

Lea Rosh wrote a series of documentaries on various aspects of the persecution of Jews under National Socialism as well as antiziganism before and after 1945. Her documentation Der Tod ist ein Meister aus Deutschland (Death is a Master from Germany) about the murder of European Jews during the National Socialist era received special public attention . For this documentation she researched together with the historian Eberhard Jäckel for several years. The documentary is a collage of discussions, film scenes and historical material and was broadcast in four episodes, beginning on April 29, 1990, on German television ( SFB / ARD ). The episodes later became the basis of a book of the same name .

Walter Jens judged that "the great merit of this film" is that it "[...] transforms the audience into witnesses, even into potential actors".

The rabbi and journalist Elisa Klapheck criticized hoisting of numbers, unsuccessful interviews and a lack of analysis.

Lea Rosh and Eberhard Jäckel received the Geschwister-Scholl-Prize for their documentation in 1990 .

Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe

After a visit to the Yad Vashem memorial in Jerusalem and at the suggestion of Eberhard Jäckel , Lea Rosh began building work on the memorial for the murdered Jews of Europe in 1988 , which has been open to the public since 2005 and as the central memorial in Berlin in the vicinity of the government district Remembrance of the murder of Jews in Europe. To this day she is the vice-chairman of the board of trustees of the foundation of the same name and chairwoman of the sponsorship group of the same name. Her long-term and ultimately successful commitment to this goal has been recognized with high-ranking state and private honors.

On the other hand, Lea Rosh's approach led to a number of controversies from the beginning of the initiative to its conclusion. In October 2003 the construction work was interrupted when Lea Rosh wanted to exclude Degussa AG from participating in the construction due to the Nazi past of the predecessor company Degesch without further consultation . After severe criticism, including from the architect Peter Eisenman , on November 13, 2003 the foundation's board of trustees decided to continue building.

Rosh had a number of other controversies with critics of her project, including with various Jewish representatives such as Julius H. Schoeps , Rafael Seligmann and others. Among other things, Eike Geisel saw the events surrounding the memorial as a renationalization of the culture of remembrance and accused Rosh of having used guardianship over the dead Jews.

“Of course it is important that the Jews can agree, but the sponsors are the federal government, the state and us. I said to the chairman of the Central Council at the time, Heinz Galinski , 'Stay out of this, the offspring of the perpetrators are building the memorial, not the Jews. But it would be nice if you could nod. ' Galinski said he would nod. "

- Lea Rosh

Galinski's successor Ignatz Bubis recognized Rosh's commitment as a “non-Jew” to commemorating the Holocaust. Also, Michael Naumann , who also initially was skeptical as cultural representative of the Federal Government of the monument, pointed out in 2005 that Rosh had met the objections of German Jews by pointing out that there should be a monument to German.

A fundraising ; action under the deliberately provocative motto the holocaust never existed and donations calls for the memorial below 0190 numbers led to protests and lawsuits. The campaign was stopped after the protests. Experts such as Claus Leggewie and Erik Meyer criticized a reckless approach analogous to a Benetton advertising campaign and mentioned increasing competition with authentic memorials as well as “coping kitsch”, “placarded stupidity” and “free-riding” based on a crime against humanity.

The conflict between the Central Council and the then Federal Chancellor Helmut Kohl about the design of the Neue Wache as a central memorial in Berlin also played an important role in the mid-1990s . This was accepted by the Central Council on the condition that a central Holocaust memorial was built as initiated by Rosh. According to Rosh, both the association and herself “were in favor from the beginning that this memorial should only commemorate the murdered Jews. After all, the Jews were the largest group of victims with six million. And a memorial for all victims says nothing at all, it is far too unspecific. You have to understand why the individual groups of victims became victims in Hitler's extermination policy. ”( Lea Rosh :)

During the filming of Death is a Master from Germany in 1988 on the grounds of the Belzec concentration camp memorial , Rosh took the tooth of a Nazi victim she had found and kept it on her desk, which was reported in the press several times . The plan, announced publicly in 2005 immediately before the memorial's construction was completed, to give it a place in a stele of the memorial, caused a scandal. After protests by Krystyna Oleksy, deputy director of the Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum , and by high-ranking representatives of the Central Council of Jews in Germany , she abandoned her plan. The tooth was buried by Rosh and Eberhard Jäckel, accompanied by the chairman of the Berlin Jewish community, Alexander Brenner, in accordance with the Halacha in Belzec. Ulrike Jureit described the process as an expression of a widespread German worship of relics and the expectation of salvation that consciously or unconsciously hoped for saving intercession and miracle effects from the victims of the Holocaust .

Rosh is described by Hans-Ernst Mittig , among others, as a prominent representative of a “ Berlin republic ”, in which confessions to the nation and confessions to historical guilt are no longer perceived as a contradiction. With the memorial she initiated (cf. Jan-Holger Kirsch) a different basic narrative of the “Berlin Republic” was manifested. This had already been initiated with the Weizsäcker speech on May 8, 1985 . Accordingly, the commemoration of Auschwitz does not prohibit a German nation-state, as postulated by Günter Grass , or questioned in the 1998 Walser speech . On the contrary, commemorating the Holocaust as exemplary as possible in the sense of Weizsäcker's German means dealing with National Socialism serves as a legitimation for it. Dealing with the Nazi past only plays a subordinate role in the dispute over the Berlin “Holocaust Memorial”. According to Jan-Holger Kirsch, its real meaning lies in a “redefinition of 'national identity' in a united Germany”.

But this new identity politics also has disadvantages. Kirsch and others tend to see the commemoration and participation of German Jews as sidelined despite ostentatious appropriation. In the mid-1990s, at the instigation of Rosh's comrade Jäckel, Jewish organizations were initially refused to participate in the organization of the East German memorials. This controversy was decided in favor of minority participation of Jewish organizations.

further activities

Among other things, Rosh campaigned in 2006 for the wrapping of sculptures by the sculptor Arno Breker in the Olympiastadion Berlin during the 2006 World Cup . In 2007 she demanded financial and logistical subsidies from Deutsche Bahn AG for the French exhibition Special Trains in Death , which was supported by Ekkehart Krippendorff .

Personal

Lea Rosh grew up with her three siblings in Berlin and at times after her evacuation in Genthin with her parents and after her father's death in 1945 with her mother. Her father was a commercial employee, a soldier during the Second World War and was considered missing after the war. Her mother Priska Rosh geb. Wojtech came from Graz and, as the daughter of the Jewish opera singer Max Garrison, was subject to reprisals by the National Socialists during the Nazi era .

Lea Rosh was brought up as a Christian and resigned from the Protestant Church at the age of 18 . Since then she has not called herself Edith , but Leah and has been a staunch atheist ever since. She successfully took legal action against newspaper reports that she had also changed her surname. The name Edith Renate Ursula Rosh is entered on her birth certificate . Rosh, however, failed in 2002 with a lawsuit against the publisher C. H. Beck because of a book by the American author Ruth Gay that was published there . In it, Gay described Rosh as a committed television journalist who had given herself a " Jewish- sounding name" with the first name Lea . In 2006, Jeffrey M. Peck , Dean of the Weissman School of Arts and Sciences at the City University of New York , in a book on modern Judaism in Germany, attributed her self-stylization as a Jewish Spokesperson and the resulting conflicts .

Rosh had been married to the architect and building contractor Jakob Schulze-Rohr , who died in 2008, since 1970 , a brother of the director Peter Schulze-Rohr . The marriage remained childless.

Awards

Works

Books

  • together with Eberhard Jäckel : “Death is a master from Germany.” Deportation and murder of the Jews, collaboration and refusal in Europe. 5th edition. Hoffmann and Campe, Hamburg 1991, ISBN 3-455-08358-7 ; Paperback edition (under the same title): Unabridged edition, 2nd edition. Deutscher Taschenbuchverlag, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-423-30306-9 .
  • together with Günther Schwarberg : The last day of Oradour. 3. Edition. Steidl, Göttingen 1997, ISBN 3-88243-092-3 .
  • as editor and co-author: "The Jews, they are the others." The dispute over a German monument. Philo, Berlin a. a, 1999, ISBN 3-8257-0127-1 (collection of articles, with contributions by Eberhard Jäckel and others).

Television documentaries

  • ZDF , 1980: A Nazi trial
  • ZDF, 1982: Act and perpetrator - The amnesty of Nazi violent criminals
  • SFB , 1984: Extermination through work - concentration camp prisoners for German industry
  • SFB, 1985: The Funny Gypsy Life - Sinti and Roma in the FRG
  • SFB, 1985: And then we said goodbye - Buttenhausen, a village 1933–1943
  • SFB, 1986: The Tribunal - Murder on Bullenhuser Damm
  • SFB, 1988: The Rescue - How the Bulgarian Jews Survived
  • SWF , 1988, Oradour (together with Günther Schwarberg; also published as a book)
  • ZDF, 1988: Rolf Liebermann - The long farewell
  • SFB / ARD , 1990: Death is a Master from Germany - The Murder of the Jews of Europe (together with Eberhard Jäckel, 4-part documentation; also published as a book)
  • NDR / ARD, 1991: The move - From Bonn to Berlin

Web links

Commons : Lea Rosh  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Susanne Stiefel: A big tree catches a lot of wind . In: taz , February 18, 2004; Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  2. ↑ a b c d Thorsten Schmitz : The concrete head , Süddeutsche Zeitung Magazin , issue 17/2005, in: SZ-Magazin.de
  3. ^ NDR, directors since 1955
  4. ↑ a b c d It crackles in the Lower Saxony broadcasting house , by Heinrich Thies Die Zeit July 10, 1992 - 8 a.m.
  5. ↑ quoted from: Lea Rosh is at the goal of her long teaching mission from Mariam Lau in: Die Welt December 15, 2004
  6. ↑ a b Small official channel . In: Der Spiegel . No. 27 , 1992, pp. 92 ( online ).
  7. ^ Memorial center: a controversy - page 115, by Michael Jeismann - 1999
  8. ↑ Audience of NDR 1
  9. ↑ Annual report NDR (PDF) page 27
  10. ↑ Lea Rosh's website
  11. ^ Mariam Lau: Remembrance until self-dismantling . In: Berliner Morgenpost . May 14, 2005 ( commemoration until self-dismantling ( memento of October 21, 2013 in the Internet Archive )).
  12. ^ T. Forstner: Christoph Schlingensief - The pilots. Retrieved on July 15, 2012 at: artechock.de
  13. ↑ a b ABOUT THE PERSON. “The garrison church can't help it” PNN December 23, 2006
  14. ↑ SL: Lea Rosh has a new salon - but without Ulla Klingbeil. In: The world. From April 1, 2000
  15. ↑ Thorsten Denkler: Sarrazin: Farewell to Berlin "Crumbs from the table of the rich" , Süddeutsche Zeitung May 17, 2010
  16. ↑ Lea Rosh Communication & Media, Salon
  17. ↑ SFB, 1985: The Funny Gypsy Life - Sinti and Roma in the FRG
  18. ↑ Eberhard Jäckel turns 75
  19. ^ Geschwister-Scholl-Preis website
  20. ↑ Review at the University of Stuttgart ( Memento from May 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
  21. ↑ Walter Jens: A grave in the air. Walter Jens on the TV documentary "Death is a Master from Germany" . In: Der Spiegel . No. 17 , 1990 ( online ).
  22. ↑ Martina Thiele: Journalistic controversies about the Holocaust in film . LIT Verlag, Münster 2001, p. 117
  23. ↑ a b Jörg Lau: Sharp judge . In: The time . No. 46 , 2003 ( zeit.de ).
  24. ^ Eisenman . In: Die Zeit , No. 45/2003
  25. ↑ Jan-Holger Kirsch: National Myth or Historical Mourning? the dispute over a central “Holocaust memorial” for the Berlin republic . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2003, p. 161
  26. ↑ Triumph of Good Will . Posthumous, published by Klaus Bittermann. ibid. 2002, FAZ review on this
  27. ↑ a b c Lea Rosh: Holocaust Reception and History Culture . In: Holger Thünemann : Central Holocaust Monuments in the Controversy: A German-Austrian Comparison . Schulz-Kirchner Verlag, 2005, p. 159 ff.
  28. ^ The Political Opinion, Issues 302–307 by Karl Willy Beer , Verlag Staat und Gesellschaft, 1995, p. 331
  29. ↑ Michael Naumann: Without answer, without consolation . In: The time . No. May 19 , 2005 ( zeit.de ).
  30. ↑ Do not switch off! Memorials in the Economy of Attention . Claus Leggewie / Erik Meyer, August 9, 2001, Neue Zürcher Zeitung
  31. ^ Berlin, David Clay Large Basic Books, October 15, 2007
  32. ↑ Think about it! Remembrance The story is not over: but are memorials the right media of remembrance? Friday, November 18, 2010 Jakob Augstein in conversation with Lea Rosh, Wolfgang Wippermann and Markus Meckel
  33. ↑ a b c Lea Rosh gives back molar to Belzec . The mirror. May 13, 2005. Retrieved July 11, 2012.
  34. ^ Holocaust memorial Jews are considering boycott Süddeutsche.de of May 11, 2005
  35. ↑ dpa: Lea Rosh buries the tooth of a Holocaust victim in Belzec , Welt , July 19, 2005
  36. ↑ Ulrike Jureit, Christian Schneider: Felt victims, illusions of coming to terms with the past , Klett-Cotta Verlag, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-608-94649-9 .
  37. ↑ Hans-Ernst Mittig : Against the Holocaust Memorial of the Berlin Republic . Berlin: Karin Kramer Verlag 2005. ISBN 3-87956-302-0
  38. ↑ Jan-Holger Kirsch: National Myth or Historical Mourning? the dispute over a central “Holocaust memorial” for the Berlin republic . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2003, p. 317
  39. ↑ a b Jan-Holger Kirsch: National Myth or Historical Mourning? the dispute over a central “Holocaust memorial” for the Berlin republic . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2003,
  40. ↑ quoted by Jan-Holger Kirsch: National myth or historical mourning? the dispute over a central “Holocaust memorial” for the Berlin republic . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2003, p. 317
  41. ↑ a b c According to Luca di Blasi : civil religion and basic anti-fascist consensus . In: Zeitschrift für Politik , 47 (4), 2000, p. 369 = 387, review on gesis.org  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In many western societies beyond Germany, the memory of the Holocaust is the center of their civil religiosity@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.gesis.org  
  42. ^ Similar to Wolfgang Palaver, Roman Siebenrock, Dietmar Regensburger (eds.), Western Modernism, Christianity and Islam, Violence as an Inquiry to Monotheistic Religions, Volume 2 of the Edition Weltordnung - Religion - Violence series ISBN 978-3-902571-59-5 brosch , innsbruck university press 2008
  43. ↑ Jan-Holger Kirsch : National Myth or Historical Mourning? the dispute over a central “Holocaust memorial” for the Berlin republic . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2003, compare the review by Nina Leonhard: Social Science Institute of the Bundeswehr, Strausberg
  44. ↑ Jan-Holger Kirsch: National Myth or Historical Mourning? the dispute over a central “Holocaust memorial” for the Berlin republic . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2003, p. 125
  45. ↑ Jan-Holger Kirsch: National Myth or Historical Mourning? the dispute over a central “Holocaust memorial” for the Berlin republic . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar 2003, p. 319
  46. ^ Sculpture dispute : Burqa for Breker? In: Der Spiegel . No. 24 , 2006 ( online ).
  47. ^ Henryk Broder : Special trains in the death . Spiegel Online , January 26, 2007
  48. ↑ Lea Rosh, Munzinger Archive
  49. ↑ a b Sabine Deckwerth: Lea Rosh loses in court against a book publisher . In: Berliner Zeitung . May 29, 2002 ( berliner-zeitung.de ).
  50. ↑ Reply . In: Der Spiegel . No. 40 , 1998, pp. 226 ( online - 28 September 1998 ). Quote: "Ms. Rosh [...] has now submitted documents from which it emerges that her maiden name is Edith 'Rosh'."
  51. ↑ Thomas Götz: At the goal. 60 years of the end of the war . In: Berliner Zeitung . May 7, 2005 ( berliner-zeitung.de ).
  52. ^ Being Jewish in the New Germany, Jeffrey M. Peck, Rutgers University Press, 2006, p. 38.
  53. ↑ Film Details, New York Times
personal data
SURNAME Rosh, Lea
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rosh, Edith Renate Ursula (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German television journalist, author and publicist
DATE OF BIRTH October 1, 1936
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin , Germany