List of Unix and Unix-like operating systems

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list of Unix and Unix-like operating systems contains a selection of operating systems which are derived from or with AT&T UNIX V1-V10 , UNIX  System III or System V , are fully or partially compatible, fully or partially implement their concepts or otherwise in Connected. These are broadly divided into

  • "Unix"

and

  • "Unix-like" or "unix-like", English ' Unix-like ', or "unixoid" ( synonyms )

Sometimes “unixoid (e systems)” is used in German as a generic term for both types, but not on this page.

There is no generally applicable, precise definition of the above. Terminology. There have been several approaches to standardization in the past. In addition to the term “Unix”, the term “UNIX” also exists in capital letters. Today, the designation “UNIX” in capital letters (or small caps ) is a protected word mark that can only be used by an operating system that meets the requirements of the Single UNIX Specification , SUS for short, and whose conformity with the specification has been certified.

In the list below

  • "Unix" classifies those operating systems
    • whose origin lies in the original Unix from AT&T or which fully implement its concepts
    • or those fully compatible with System V are
    • or those that are fully POSIX compliant;
  • "UNIX" is in uppercase
    • Part of a previous product name (proper name)
    • or makes the conformity to the Single UNIX Specification clear;
  • “Unix-like (es system)” stands for the other operating systems that try to implement Unix concepts - regardless of their code base / source, but solely related to their compatibility.

 

list

AT&T UNIX

Historic commercial AT&T UNIX derivatives

Current commercial AT&T UNIX derivatives

Historic BSD line

Initially on code from UNIX time-sharing system V1 – V10 or system III and later based on derivations and first free implementations.

  • 2BSD to 4.4BSD : Further developments of UNIX Time-Sharing System V6 at the University of Berkeley (California);
    • 386BSD : Porting Bill Jolitz to 80386 processors;
    • BSD / OS (BSD / 386), commercial Unix operating system from Berkeley Software Design (BSDI);
    • MIPS OS: 4.2BSD derivative developed by MIPS Computer Systems ;
    • NeXTSTEP : 4.3BSD derivation for the NeXT computers ( m68k , x86, SPARC and HP-RISC) with a specially developed graphic environment;
      • OPENSTEP : re-implemented NeXTSTEP successor for different processor architectures including OpenStep implementation, which was also available for other operating systems;
        • Rhapsody : further development after Apple took over NeXT; 4.3BSD code has been replaced with 4.4BSD code;
    • RISC iX : Unix for Acorn Archimedes , 4.3BSD derivative;
    • Ultrix : UNIX from DEC for PDP-11 and VAX computers (later also MIPS workstations)

Current BSD line

Free re-implementations of the System V line and its modern successors.

  • NetBSD : first BSD spin-off / derivative, originally derived from 386BSD; modern BSD for many platforms;
    • NetBSD distributions
      • BlackBSD: Live CD ; specialized in safety tools; Fluxbox;
      • g4u : hard drive live CD
      • Jibbed : Live CD;
      • OS108: desktop operating system based on NetBSD;
    • NetBSD derivatives
      • OpenBSD : largest offshoot of NetBSD; see below;
      • Debian GNU / NetBSD : a combination of Debian and the NetBSD kernel; Discontinued in 2002;
      • EdgeBSD : NetBSD offshoot with the primary goal of being more modern in some aspects than NetBSD itself;
      • Force10 Networks FTOS: Operating system for switches / routers of the Force10 TeraScale E series;
      • Gentoo / NetBSD : a combination of Gentoo and the NetBSD kernel;
      • PolyBSD / pocketSAN: basic system for the construction of embedded systems;
      • SEOS: operating system of the SmartEdge router series from Ericsson;
  • FreeBSD : de facto synonymous with "BSD"; modern BSD and basic system for further distributions, derivatives and developments; originally derived from 386BSD;
    • FreeBSD distributions
      • m0n0wall : a firewall distribution;
      • NomadBSD: a live system (no installation required) for USB sticks
      • OPNsense : a (stateful) firewall / router distribution; supports LibreSSL and ASLR
      • pfSense : a firewall / router distribution
      • TrustedBSD : Extension with the main emphasis on security features
      • HardenedBSD: an extension with an emphasis on security features; Cooperation with OPNsense
    • FreeBSD derivatives
      • CellOS and OrbisOS: Operating systems of the PlayStation 3 and 4 from Sony
      • Darwin : common basic operating system for macOS , iOS etc .; see below
      • Data ONTAP: the operating system of NetApp storage systems
      • DesktopBSD : a workstation system with KDE as the graphic work environment
      • DragonFly BSD : Spin-off from FreeBSD 4.x
      • FuryBSD : After Project Trident (in future Void Trident) decided to use Void Linux instead of TrueOS / FreeBSD , part of the community founded FuryBSD with a focus on a fully graphical desktop OS
      • FreeNAS : designed for Network Attached Storage (NAS)
      • FreeSBIE: a live system with Xfce and Fluxbox ; was created during the Google Summer of Code 2005
      • JunOS: the operating system of Juniper Networks routers
      • Kylin : developed for Chinese authorities
      • MidnightBSD : with a graphical work environment based on GNUstep ; originally derived from FreeBSD 6.1 Beta
      • NAS4Free: designed for Network Attached Storage (NAS)
      • Picobsd : a minimized version of FreeBSD on a single disk fits - that is, less than 1.44 MB includes
      • TrueOS (formerly PC-BSD): a derivative that extends FreeBSD and optimizes the workstation system; on the one hand with the in-house development Lumina as the intended graphic work environment, on the other hand as a basic system for further distributions; Rolling release ; supports OpenZFS , LibreSSL
        • GhostBSD : originally FreeBSD, TrueOS-based from 18.10; MATE as the intended graphic work environment, originally Gnome
  • OpenBSD : modern and security-oriented BSD; originally NetBSD fork;
    • OpenBSD distributions
      • Anonymous.OS (OpenBSD 3.8, 2006 only)
      • FuguIta: Live CD with iceWM , which can also be installed on the hard drive
      • jggimi
      • MarBSD: rescue and test system in several variants (for i386, amd64 and sparc64)
    • OpenBSD derivatives
      • ÆrieBSD
      • MirOS BSD
      • Bitter
      • LibertyBSD
  • Darwin : Basic system ( English core operating system ) for Apple's current operating systems; Derivation of the BSD substructure from Rhapsody, 4.4BSD code replaced by FreeBSD code, also NetBSD and OpenBSD code;

Current Solaris line

  • Oracle Solaris : certified as UNIX 95, 98, 03 and V7;
    • OpenSolaris , 2008-2010;
      • illumos ; a free derivative of the discontinued OpenSolaris; Basic system for a wide variety of distributions:
        • DilOS : with Debian package manager dpkg and apt; x86-64, SPARC;
        • Dyson : combines the Debian userland with illumos and wants to become an official Debian port;
        • napp-it : ZFS storage server distribution for NAS or SAN etc .;
        • NexentaStor : optimized for virtualization, NAS, SAN etc. a .;
        • OmniOS : distribution specialized in server usage;
        • OpenIndiana : end-user distribution with MATE Desktop Environment ; x86, x86-64, SPARC;
        • OpenSXCE : Distribution especially for developers and system administrators; x86, x86-64, SPARC;
        • SmartOS : combines OpenSolaris technology with Linux KVM virtualization, for example for building clouds ;
        • Tribblix : Distribution with the look and feel of NeXTSTEP using Window Maker ; x86-64, SPARC;
        • v9os : minimalist server distribution; SPARC;
        • XStreamOS and variants: distributions for network infrastructure, cloud services, development etc .;

Systems certified as UNIX by SUS

Today the designation “UNIX” in capital letters is a word mark of the Austin Group , which may only be used for an operating system that meets the requirements of the Single UNIX Specification (SUS). Operating systems whose conformity to the specification has been certified and therefore may be designated as UNIX:

UNIX V7

for systems that comply with version 4 of the SUS (full compliance, including corrigenda)

  • Solaris 11.4+ on x86 and SPARC systems

UNIX 03

for systems that comply with version 3 of the SUS (full compliance)

  • AIX 5L V5.2 with some updates, AIX 5L V5.3;
  • HP-UX 11i V3 Release B.11.31;
  • macOS from Leopard 10.5 , on "Intel Macs" ( 32 and 64 bit)
  • Solaris 10 on x86 and SPARC systems (32 and 64 bit);
  • z / OS 1.9 from IBM;

UNIX 98

for systems that comply with version 2 of the SUS (partial compliance)

UNIX 95

Compatibility still acceptable for simpler software subsystems

UNIX 93

completely outdated

POSIX-compliant systems

The Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) is a standardized programming interface developed jointly by the IEEE and the Open Group for Unix , which represents the interface between application software and the operating system. POSIX forms the basis of the Single UNIX Specification.

GNU systems

The GNU operating system is largely POSIX-compatible, but deliberately not fully compliant. It runs on several kernels:

Systems with Linux kernel

Although most Linux distributions are a combination of the largely POSIX-compatible GNU and the Linux kernel , there are also distributions with a Linux kernel that do without GNU, above all Android ( versions ). They are not necessarily POSIX compatible.

Other unix-like systems

Individual evidence

  1. NomadBSD. January 12, 2018, accessed on February 15, 2018 (English): "NomadBSD is a live system for flash drives, based on FreeBSD"
  2. Rob Williams, Sony PlayStation 4 OS Reported As Modified Version of FreeBSD 9. Nethothardware.com, June 24, 2013, accessed June 26, 2013 .
  3. Jürgen Donauer: Orbis OS: Sony PlayStation 4 runs with modified FreeBSD 9. bitblokes.de, June 24, 2013, accessed on October 28, 2014 .
  4. NetApp Data ONTAP with FreeBSD Base: Open Source Contributions. netapp.com, accessed March 23, 2016 .
  5. FuguIta homepage ( Memento of the original from January 18, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / kaw.ath.cx
  6. MarBSD homepage ( Memento of the original from December 8, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / openbsd.maroufi.net
  7. ^ The Open Group: Oracle Corporation - UNIX V7. In: The Open Brand Register. The Open Group, April 10, 2018, accessed September 2, 2018 .
  8. Mac OS X Leopard - Technology - UNIX . In: Leopard Technology Overview . Apple Inc .. Retrieved June 11, 2007: "Leopard is now an Open Brand UNIX 03 Registered Product, conforming to the SUSv3 and POSIX 1003.1 specifications for the C API, Shell Utilities, and Threads."
  9. ^ The Open Group: Mac OS X Version 10.5 Leopard on Intel-based Macintosh computers certification . Retrieved June 12, 2007.
  10. ^ The Open Group: Mac OS X Version 10.13 High Sierra on Intel-based Macintosh computers certification. Accessed December 12, 2017 .
  11. http://www.opengroup.org/openbrand/register/apple.htm
  12. Solaris 2.5.1 ( Memento of the original from September 12, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ocf.berkeley.edu
  13. On the POSIX conformity of BSD / OS ( Memento from July 14, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) (in the Internet archive )

See also