Lodeinoje Pole

city Lodeinoje Pole Лодейное Поле flag coat of arms Federal district Northwest Russia Oblast Leningrad Rajon Lodeinoje Pole Founded 1702 City since 1785 surface 10  km² population 20,674 inhabitants (as of Oct. 14, 2010) Population density 2067 inhabitants / km² Height of the center 15  m Time zone UTC + 3 Telephone code (+7) 81364 Post Code 187700 License Plate 47 OKATO 41 432 Geographical location Coordinates 60 ° 44 '  N , 33 ° 33'  E Coordinates: 60 ° 44 '0 "  N , 33 ° 33' 0"  E

Location in the western part of Russia

Location in Leningrad Oblast

List of cities in Russia

Lodeinoje Pole ( Russian Лодейное Поле ) is a city in the northwestern Russian Leningrad Oblast . It has 20,674 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010).

geography

The city is located about 240 km northeast of the oblast capital Saint Petersburg on the left bank of the Swir , which connects Lake Onega and Lake Ladoga .

Lodeinoje Pole is administratively directly subordinate to Leningrad Oblast and at the same time the administrative center of the raion of the same name .

history

The place was created in 1702 on the road from Saint Petersburg to Arkhangelsk (the Arkhangelsk tract ) in connection with the construction of the Olonec shipyard on the Swir, ordered by Tsar Peter I , named after its location in the district ( Ujesd ) Olonez . The first ships for the Baltic fleet of the Russian Empire were built here in 1703 and 1704 . By the time the shipyard closed in 1830, over 400 ships had been built, including the frigate Mirny , one of the two ships of the first Russian Antarctic expedition under Lasarew and Bellingshausen , during which the soil of the Antarctic continent was first stepped on.

In 1785 the settlement received city rights as the administrative center of a district under its current name, which literally means ship's field in Russian . The timber industry developed in the second half of the 19th century; the city became a timber trade center and at the same time a place of political banishment .

During the Soviet era, there was a large corrective labor camp ( Gulag ) in Lodeinoje Pole . The Swir-ITL existed from September 1931 to July 1937. The number of inmates was at times over 47,000 people who were used in the logging and processing. The prisoner of war camp 213 , Swirstroj for German prisoners of war of the Second World War , was later located in the immediate vicinity .

During the Second World War (" Continuation War "), the front line came to a halt in the immediate vicinity of the city for over 1000 days from December 1941 until the armistice in September 1944, when the Finnish troops tried in vain to force the Swir.

Population development

year	Residents
1897	1,432
1926	7,200
1939	16,715
1959	17,485
1970	19,632
1979	23,214
1989	26,718
2002	22,830
2010	20,674

Note: census data (1926 rounded)

Culture and sights

Peter and Paul Church in Lodeinoje Pole. Early color photo by Prokudin-Gorski (around 1910)

The city has a history and local museum . In place of the former house of Peter the Great, a memorial column was erected as early as 1832. The tsar's house is currently being rebuilt true to the original, in order to accommodate part of the local history museum after completion.

A memorial park called Swirskaja pobeda ( Victory on Swir ) commemorates the events of the Second World War .

25 kilometers away from the city is located on the old road to Olonez the 1484 founded Alexander Swirski-Trinity Monastery ( Троицкий Александро-Свирский монастырь / Troizki Alexandro Świrski monastyr), which actually consists of two monasteries: the Trinity Monastery ( Троицкий монастырь / Troizki monastyr ) and the Monastery of the Transfiguration of Christ ( Преображенский монастырь / Preobrazhensky monastyr).

In the Trinity Monastery there is the Trinity Cathedral ( Троицкий собор / Troitski sobor) with frescoes from the 17th and 18th centuries and iconostasis from the 17th century, the Church of the Protection and Intercession of the Virgin Mary ( Покровская церковerk) from the first tsery Half of the 17th century (on foundations from 1533 to 1536; restored from 1969 to 1976), the refectory and a three-storey tent roof bell tower from 1647 to 1674.

In the Monastery of the Transfiguration of Christ, the Cathedral of the Transfiguration of Christ, completed in 1644 ( Преображенский собор / Preobrazhensky sobor) and the monk's cell wing from 1677 to 1689 have been preserved.

From 1918 to the 1950s, a camp for political prisoners was located on the territory of the monastery, which was closed after the October Revolution . In 1998 the monastery was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church .

economy

Lodeinoje Pole is the center of the timber and wood processing industry. There are also companies in the building materials industry as well as the light and food industries.

The Lower Swir hydropower plant ( Nizhnesvirskaya GES ) with an output of 90  megawatts (commissioning of the first turbine in 1933) is located near the settlement of Swirstroi in the Lodeinoje Pole district. It was built between 1927 and 1936 according to the GOELRO plan . Its reconstruction and increase in output to 110 megawatts is imminent.

traffic

The city lies on the Murman Railway, which opened between 1914 and 1917, from Saint Petersburg to Murmansk ( route kilometer  242). A line to Olonets has existed since 1971 , an extension of the line to Janisjarwi on the Sortavala - Petrozavodsk line, which has been running along the eastern shore of Lake Ladoga since 1944 .

The M18 St. Petersburg – Petrozavodsk – Murmansk highway runs through Lodeinoje Pole , from which the R37 regional road branches off to Wytegra .

The river Swir is part of the waterway from the Baltic Sea to the White Sea ( White Sea-Baltic Sea Canal ) and to the Volga ( Volga-Baltic Sea Canal ).

sons and daughters of the town

• Ninel Nikolajewna Kusmina (1937–2020), architect and restorer
• Igor Mihailov (born 1946), director
• Sergei Tarakanow (* 1958), basketball player and FIBA ​​player advisor

See also

• List of cities in Leningrad Oblast

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Tom 1. Čislennostʹ i razmeščenie naselenija (Results of the All-Russian Census 2010. Volume 1. Number and distribution of the population). Tables 5 , pp. 12-209; 11 , pp. 312–979 (download from the website of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
2. ↑ Swir-ITL in the GULAG Internet portal of Memorial Deutschland e. V.
3. ↑ Maschke, Erich (ed.): On the history of the German prisoners of war of the Second World War. Verlag Ernst and Werner Gieseking, Bielefeld 1962–1977.

Web links

Commons : Lodeinoje Pole  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Lodeinoje Pole on mojgorod.ru (Russian)