Niemica (Malechowo)
| Niemica | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | West Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Sławno | ||
| Gmina : | Malechowo | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 17 ' N , 16 ° 29' E | ||
| Height : | 20 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 360 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 94 | ||
| License plate : | ZSL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | DK 6 (= European route 28 ): Stargard - Danzig | ||
| Rail route : | Stargard – Gdańsk , railway station: Wiekowo | ||
| Next international airport : | Szczecin-Goleniów | ||
Niemica (German: Nemitz, Schlawe / Pommern district ) is a village in the Polish West Pomeranian Voivodeship . It belongs to the rural community Malechowo ( Malchow ) in the district of Sławno ( Schlawe ).
Geographical location
Niemica lies in a flat, undulating landscape at an average height of 20 meters above sea level. To the east and south, the terrain becomes more hilly and intersected by the valley of the Bielawa ( Mühlenbach ), which is wooded on the slopes .
The village is located on Landesstraße 6 (until 1945: Reichsstraße 2 , today also: Europastraße 28 ) Stettin - Danzig , 22 kilometers east of Koszalin ( Köslin ) and 15 kilometers southwest of Sławno ( Schlawe ). In the place the roads branch off to Grabowo ( Martinshagen ) - Dobiesław ( Abtshagen ), to Bartolino ( Bartlin ) - Sulechowo ( Groß Soltikow ) - Polanów ( Pollnow ) and to Kusice ( Kuhtz ) - Ratajki ( Ratteick ). The Wiekowo ( Alt Wieck ) railway station on the Stargard Szczeciński – Gdańsk railway is seven kilometers further north.
Niemica is surrounded by the neighboring communities of Pękanino ( Panknin ) and Grabowo, Gorzyca ( Göritz ) and Malechowo, Sulechowo, Sierakowo Sławieńskie ( Zirchow ) and Kusice.
Local breakdown before 1945
The localities belonged to the municipality of Nemitz
- Bartlin (Polish: Bartolino), agricultural village on the road to Great Soltikow, an old Ramelsches fief, the 636 hectare large estate was settled in 1929, 1939, there were 570 inhabitants here
- Bartliner sawmill with forester's house Kuhtz (Kusiczki), belonging to the Louisenhof Vorwerk of the Kuhtz estate administration, mill with forestry workers' houses for employees of the estate administration
- Louisenhof (Krzekoszewo), Vorwerk of the von Schlieffenschen Gutsverwaltung Kuhtz, 1200 meters east of Kuhtz, 349 hectares in size. Last owner: Jutta von Schlieffen (born von Zitzewitz ), widow of Hans Nikolaus von Schlieffen .
Place name
The place name occurs again in Poland as Niemica (Golczewo) in the powiat Kamieński and a river in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship also bears this name. In the German form Nemitz, the place in the Cammin district is also referred to, as well as a village in Wendland in Lower Saxony and a district of Stettin.
In both languages the name is derived from the Slavic njemen = "dumb", Polish = niemy . This is where the name Niemiec or Niemcy for "German" or "Germany" arose, whereby it is assumed that the village was still a Germanic settlement of the prehistoric times, because the Wends could not communicate in their language with the villagers: they were the "mutes", then the "Germans".
history
Numerous prehistoric finds show that Nemitz is a very old settlement area. On the road to Louisenhof (Polish: Krzekoszewo) east of the valley of the Mühlenbach (Bielawa) there was a 400 meter long burial ground from the Bronze and Iron Ages. Two stone box graves were discovered near the road to Panknin at the end of the village .
The first recorded mention of the place comes from a document according to which a Stefan von Nemitz, called Truchseß, transferred the patronage of the church in Nemitz to the Buckow monastery in 1250 .
Early on, the village was a fief of the von Ramel family . 1409 signs Henning Ramele from the Nemetze the atonement letter of Henning Glasenapp of Manow to the city Schlawe . In 1628 Nemitz and Bartlin (Bartolino) are given under Joachim von Ramele with 69 hooves. The Ramel family was one of the most important families in the Schlawe region at the time and was also enfeoffed in the villages of Quatzow (Kwasowo), Wusterwitz (Ostrowiec), Leikow (Lejkowo), Soltikow and Kösternitz (Kościernica).
In 1715 Nemitz went to Captain Jürgen Valentin von Kleist . It remained in the possession of this family until the estate was sold by Georg von Kleist to Dubislaw von Natzmer before the First World War . In 1930 this was settled.
In 1784 Nemitz had: 1 farm , 1 water mill, 1 cutting mill , 1 sheep, 1 preacher's house, 1 sexton and 1 preacher's widow's house, 5 farmers, 4 kossaten , 1 jug and 1 blacksmith's house. The number of inhabitants was 303 in 1818, 286 in 1895 and then 653 in 1939, including those doing labor from the Nemitz camp.
Until 1945 Nemitz belonged with Kuhtz, Leikow and Soltikow to the office Soltikow in the district of Schlawe i. Pom. in the administrative district of Köslin in the Prussian province of Pomerania .
These communities and additionally the place Söllnitz (Destinationsica) were also united to form the Soltikow registry office .
On March 1, 1945, Nemitz was occupied by Russian troops. The local population was expelled in the following years and the place became Polish. Under the name Niemica, it is now a district of Gmina Malechowo in the Powiat Sławieński of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Personalities: sons and daughters of the place
- Anton von Kleist (1812–1886), district administrator of the Schlawer district from 1846 to 1856
church
Parish of Nemitz
Before 1945, Nemitz was the seat of a parish office and the center of the parish named after him , to which the places Bartlin (Bartolino) and Kuhtz as well as the subsidiary community Klein Soltikow (Sulechówko) with Groß Soltikow, Leikow, Söllnitz and Borkow (Borkowo) belonged. Already in the pre-Reformation period, Nemitz was the ecclesiastical central place, when the Camminer Bishop Hermann von Gleichen united the inhabitants of Nemitz, Bartlin, Soltikow, Leikow, Borkow, Zirchow, Kuhtz and Panknin into a parish.
Until 1945 the parish Nemitz belonged to the parish of Rügenwalde the Prussian Union of churches . The inhabitants were almost without exception of the Protestant denomination. The total number of parish members in 1940 was 2,183.
(For the names of the clergy up to 1945, see the Niemica village church ).
The church patronage was transferred to the Buckow monastery at the turn of the year 1250 by Stephan von Nemitz . Before 1945 the landowners of the Kirchspielörfer held the patronage: von Natzmer (Nemitz) and von Schlieffen (Klein Soltikow).
The parish registers have been kept since 1647. The documents still available today are stored in the State Archives in Stettin, those of the Klein Soltikow branch in the Köslin State Archives.
Today the village is predominantly Catholic and belongs to the Parafia Sulechówko ( Klein Soltikow ). The Protestant parishioners are looked after by the parish office in Koszalin ( Köslin ) in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg (i.e. Lutheran) Church in Poland .
Parish church
Until 1945 the Nemitzer church was a Protestant parish church. Since then it has been the Catholic branch church of Sulechówko and bears the name "Assumption of Mary".
In terms of its basic structure, the Nemitz Church is likely to be the oldest church building in the state of Schlawe: it was consecrated by the Cammin Bishop Sigwin in 1219. It was built with a massive west tower made of bricks and field stone foundations, later expanded and rebuilt several times. Under the patronage of Anton von Kleist , the church was renovated and equipped with an organ. The interior of the church dates from the 17th century.
school
A new school was built in Nemitz in the mid-1920s. It comprised two classrooms and two teacher's apartments with a garden and a large, fenced-in school yard. The building is on the road to Kuhtz (Kusice). A first schoolhouse was built in the parish garden in 1819, but it burned down with other houses in 1823. In 1824 the schoolhouse could be rebuilt.
literature
- Manfred Vollack (Ed.): The Schlawe district. A Pomeranian homeland book . 2 volumes, Husum 1989.
- Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . Part 2, Stettin 1912.
Web links
- Nemitz in the home district of Schlawe
- Material on Nemitz Castle in the Duncker Collection of the Central and State Library Berlin (PDF; 252 kB)
Individual evidence
- ^ Klaus Conrad (arrangement): Pommersches Urkundenbuch . Volume 1. 2nd edition (= publications of the Historical Commission for Pomerania. Series 2, Vol. 1). Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Vienna 1970, No. 551a.
Districts: Bartolino (Bartlin) | Białęcino (Balenthin) | Borkowo (Borkow) | Darskowo (Limbrechtshof) | Drzeńsko (Drenzig) | Gorzyca (Göritz) | Grabowo (Martinshagen) | Karwice (Karwitz) | Kosierzewo (Kusserow) | Lejkowo (Leikow) | Malechowo (Malchow) | Malechówko (New Malchow) | Niemica (Nemitz) | Ostrowiec (Wusterwitz) | Paprotki (New Parpart) | Paproty (Parpart) | Pękanino (Panknin) | Podgórki (German Puddiger) | Przystawy (Pirbstow) | Sulechowo (Groß Soltikow) | Święcianowo (Wiesenthal) | Tarnica (Söllnitz)
Other localities: Baniewo (Banow) | Białęciniec (Balenthin (farm) | Karw (Karwitzer Mill) | Karwiczki (Neu Karwitz) | Kawno (Kaunow) | Krzekoszewo (Louisenhof) | Kukułczyn (New World) | Kusice (Kuhtz) | Kusiczki (Bartliner Sägemühle / Forsthaus Kuhtz) | Laski (Latzig) | Lejkówko (Leikow Mill) | Miłomyśl (Karlsau) | Mułek | Nowy Żytnik (New Mill) | Pięćmiechowo (bath horns) | Sęczkowo (Erlenhof) | Sulechówko (Klein Soltikow) | Uniedrożyn (Oberwende) | Uniesław (Felixhof) | Witosław (Adolphium) | Włodzisław (Lark Grove) | Zalesie (Vogelsang) and Żegocino (Segenthin)