Poian
Poian Kézdiszentkereszt |
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Basic data | ||||
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State : | Romania | |||
Historical region : | Transylvania | |||
Circle : | Covasna | |||
Coordinates : | 46 ° 4 ' N , 26 ° 10' E | |||
Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | |||
Height : | 610 m | |||
Area : | 59.26 km² | |||
Residents : | 1,768 (October 20, 2011) | |||
Population density : | 30 inhabitants per km² | |||
Postal code : | 527140 | |||
Telephone code : | (+40) 02 67 | |||
License plate : | CV | |||
Structure and administration (as of 2016) | ||||
Community type : | local community | |||
Structure : | Poian, Belani | |||
Mayor : | Endre Páll ( UDMR ) | |||
Postal address : | Str. Principală, no. 10 loc. Poian, jud. Covasna, RO-527140 |
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Website : |
Poian ( Hungarian Kézdiszentkereszt ) is a municipality in the Covasna district , in the Transylvania region in Romania .
Poian is also known by the outdated names Polian and Poiana , and the Hungarian Kézdipolyán and Poján .
Geographical location
The municipality of Poian is located north of the Kronstadt depression (Depresiunea Brașovului) in the eastern foothills of the Bodoc Mountains (Munții Bodoc) , a part of the Eastern Carpathian Mountains . In the so-called Szeklerland in the north of the Covasna district, Poian is on the Târgu Secuiesc – Brețcu railway line and the DJ 114 district road (Drum județean) seven kilometers north of the small town of Târgu Secuiesc (Szekler Neumarkt) and about 45 kilometers northeast of the district capital Sfântu Gheorghe (Sankt Georgen) away.
history
The village of Poian, mainly inhabited by Szeklern people, was first mentioned in a document in 1332. According to the directory of historical monuments of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (Ministerul Culturii și Patrimoniului Național) , north of the place, called Kőhát ( Romanian Panta de Piatră ) by the locals , a settlement in the Late Bronze Age and in the village center in the 2nd and 3rd centuries Century noted.
At the time of the Kingdom of Hungary Poian belonged to the Kézdi chair district in the Háromszék County ( Romanian Comitatul Trei-Scaune ). Then Estelnic belonged to the historical Trei-Scaune (German three chairs ) and from 1950 to today's Covasna district. Until 2005, the municipality of Estelnic to the north belonged to today's municipality of Poian .
There are several mineral water springs with a high proportion of lithium on the Poian area . From 1895 to 1989, the mineral water was bottled with a few interruptions; this was prohibited due to a lack of approvals.
population
The population of the two places of today's municipality developed as follows:
census | Ethnic composition | ||||
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year | population | Romanians | Hungary | German | other |
1850 | 2,261 | 99 | 2.113 | - | 49 |
1941 | 2,718 | 3 | 2.711 | 4th | - |
1966 | 2.113 | 6th | 2,104 | 1 | 2 |
2002 | 1,804 | 11 | 1,791 | - | 2 |
2011 | 1,768 | 7th | 1,745 | - | 16 |
Since 1850 the highest number of inhabitants and that of the Magyars in 1941 have been determined in the area of what are now the two places of the municipality of Poian. The highest number of Romanians and Roma was registered in 1850 and that of Romanian Germans in 1941.
Attractions
- In Poian the Roman Catholic church Găsirea Sfintei Cruci , built in 1717, renovated in 1992, and the wooden church Sf. Arhangheli Mihail și Gavril built in 1762, has a 12 meter high wooden tower, both churches are listed.
- In the incorporated village of Belani the Roman Catholic Church Sf. Bartolomeu , built in the 15th century, renovated in 1758 and remodeled in the 20th century, is a listed building.
Personalities
- János Tuzson (1825–1904), born in Belani, was a lieutenant colonel in the revolution of 1848/1849 .
Town twinning
Poian has a partnership with the Hungarian town of Pilisszentkereszt .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB).
- ↑ Arcanum Kézikönyvtár: Historical-administrative book of place names of Transylvania, Banat and Partium. Retrieved March 30, 2020 (Hungarian).
- ↑ a b c Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen . Kraft, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 , p. 517 .
- ↑ a b c List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture , updated 2015 (PDF; 12.7 MB; Romanian).
- ↑ Information from Portal Legislativ on December 16, 2005, accessed on March 30, 2020 (Romanian).
- ↑ Information on the website of the municipality of Poian accessed on March 31, 2020 (Romanian).
- ↑ Censuses 1850–2002, last updated November 2, 2008 (PDF; 1 MB; Hungarian).
- ↑ Information on the Roman Catholic Church in Poian at biserici.org, accessed on March 31, 2020 (Romanian).
- ↑ Information on the wooden church in Poian at biserici.org, accessed on March 31, 2020 (Romanian).
- ↑ Information on the Roman Catholic Church in Belani at biserici.org, accessed on March 31, 2020 (Romanian).
- ↑ Information on János Tuzson at csikimuzeum.ro, accessed on March 31, 2020 (Hungarian).
- ↑ Information on the website of the municipality of Poian accessed on March 30, 2020 (Romanian).