Cernat (Covasna)

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Cernat
Csernáton
Cernat (Covasna) does not have a coat of arms
Cernat (Covasna) (Romania)
Paris plan pointer b jms.svg
Basic data
State : RomaniaRomania Romania
Historical region : Transylvania
Circle : Covasna
Coordinates : 45 ° 57 '  N , 26 ° 2'  E Coordinates: 45 ° 56 '59 "  N , 26 ° 2' 16"  E
Time zone : EET ( UTC +2)
Height : 563  m
Area : 129  km²
Residents : 3,978 (October 20, 2011)
Population density : 31 inhabitants per km²
Postal code : 527070
Telephone code : (+40) 02 67
License plate : CV
Structure and administration (as of 2016)
Community type : local community
Structure : Cernat, Albiș , Icafalău
Mayor : Fábián Sándor (deputy) ( UDMR )
Postal address : Str. Principală, no. 459
loc. Cernat, jud. Covasna, RO-527070
Website :
2nd Sunday in June, community festival

Cernat ( Hungarian Csernáton ) is a municipality in the Covasna district , in the Transylvania region in Romania .

Geographical location

Location of the municipality of Cernat in Covasna County

The municipality of Cernat is located west of the Kronstadt depression (Depresiunea Brașovului) , in the southeastern foothills of the Bodoc Mountains (Munții Bodoc) - a part of the Eastern Carpathian Mountains . In the so-called Szeklerland in the center of the Covasna district is the place Cernat (from the former districts of Cernatu de Jos and Cernatu de Sus ) on the stream of the same name - a right tributary of the Râul Negru -, on the Drum național 11 12 kilometers southwest of the small town of Târgu Secuiesc (Szekler Neumarkt) and 28 kilometers northeast of the district capital Sfântu Gheorghe (Sankt Georgen) .

history

The town of Cernat, mainly inhabited by Szeklern people, was first mentioned in a document in 1332.

Settlement of the place on the area by the locals, called Dâmbu bisericii , was dated to the Neolithic , according to Hermann Schroller and Márton Roska . Numerous archaeological finds point to different ages and are in the museum of the district capital Sfântu Gheorghe.

At the time of the Kingdom of Hungary , Cernat belonged to the Kézdi chair district in the Háromszék County ( Romanian Comitatul Trei-Scaune ), then to the historical Trei-Scaune district (German three chairs ) and, from 1950, to today's Covasna district.

Since 2017 the municipality has been without the mayor Dávid Bölöni, who was legally elected in 2016; we are represented by the deputy mayor Fábián Sándor.

population

The population of the municipality of Cernat developed as follows:

census Ethnic composition
year population Romanians Hungary German other
1850 4,857 402 4,309 - 146
1941 5,095 10 4,943 6th 136
2002 4.025 52 3,970 - 3
2011 3,978 47 3,867 - 64

The highest number of inhabitants has been recorded in the area of ​​the municipality of Cernat since 1850 and that of the Magyars in 1941. The highest number of Romanians was registered in 1850, Roma (185) in 1956 and that of Romanian Germans (6) were registered in 1941 and 1956.

Attractions

  • In the community center, the reformed church , built in the 14th century, renovated in the 16th century, and the bell tower built in 1727 and renewed in 1835, are listed buildings.
  • In the community center the Orthodox Church Sf. Gheorghe built in 1872 is a listed building.
  • In the incorporated village of Albiș (Hungarian Kézdialbis ) the reformed church built in the 13th century, renovated in the 15th and 19th centuries, is a listed building.
  • The village museum in Cernat Muzeul Haszmann Pál , the main building of which was built in 1831, was founded in 1973 by Pál Haszmann on the manor house of the Hungarian noble family Damokos in Cernatu de Sus , and has exhibited numerous objects.
  • The medieval castle Ika on the creek of the same name and the Cetatea Ciuntită (Hungarian Csonkavár ) or Turnul Ciuntit (Csonkatorony) called by the locals are listed monuments.
  • Several mansions of Hungarian noble families, built at the beginning of the 19th century, are listed according to the register of historical monuments in Cernat. The Bernald family ; Damokos Cseh ; Damokos Dénes ; Damokos Gyula (in the open-air museum); Damokos János ; Damokos Mihály ; Damokos-Eperjesi ; Farkas ; Kelemen Gábor ; Molnár Sándor ; Végh .
  • The community is also the starting point for the Bodoc Mountains.

  • Remnants of the Cetatea Ika

  • Remnants of the Turnul Ciuntit

  • School in Albiș

  • Reformed Church in Albiș

  • Bust of Péter Bod

  • Village museum in Cernat

Personalities

  • Péter Bod (1712–1769) born in Felsőcsernáton, was a Reformed pastor, historian and writer (the greatest Hungarian scientist of the late Baroque ).
  • Pál Haszmann (1902–1977) died in Cernat, was a local historian and founder of the village museum in Cernat.

Web links

Commons : Cernat  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB).
  2. ↑ a b c Heinz Heltmann, Gustav Servatius (ed.): Travel Guide Siebenbürgen . Kraft, Würzburg 1993, ISBN 3-8083-2019-2 , p. 517 .
  3. ^ Institute Of Archeology - Cernat , accessed June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  4. ↑ Comuna Cernat a rămas fără primar on October 3, 2017 at weradio.ro, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  5. ↑ Censuses 1850–2002, last updated November 2, 2008 (PDF; 1 MB; Hungarian).
  6. ↑ Information on the Reformed Church in Cernat at biserici.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  7. ^ Image of the Reformed Church in Cernat
  8. ↑ a b c d e List of historical monuments of the Romanian Ministry of Culture , updated 2015 (PDF; 12.7 MB; Romanian).
  9. ↑ Information on the Orthodox Church in Cernat at biserici.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  10. ↑ 360 ° and also interior views of the Haszmann Pál open-air museum
  11. ↑ Marelena & Radu Puşcarciuc: O a “8” -a minune: Muzeul Haszmann Pál din Cernat / CV (The “8th wonder of the world”: The Museum Pál Haszmann, in Cernat). Munte & Flori, November 18, 2013, accessed June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  12. ^ Institute Of Archeology - Cernat , accessed June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  13. ↑ The Bernald House at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  14. ↑ Das Haus Damokos Cseh at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  15. ↑ The house Damokos Dénes at monumenteuitate.org retrieved (Romanian) on 11 June 2020th
  16. ↑ The house Damokos Gyula at monumenteuitate.org retrieved (Romanian) on 11 June 2020th
  17. ↑ The House of Damokos János at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  18. ↑ The House of Damokos Mihály at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  19. ↑ The Damokos-Eperjesi House at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  20. ↑ Das Haus Farkas at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  21. ↑ The Kelemen Gábor House at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  22. ↑ The Molnár Sándor House at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  23. ↑ Das Haus Végh at monumenteuitate.org, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  24. ↑ Marelena & Radu Puşcarciuc: Din Cernat, pe Culmea Principală a Muntilor Bodoc. Munte & Flori, April 18, 2015, accessed June 11, 2020 (Romanian).
  25. ↑ Information on Péter Bod at mek.oszk.hu, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Hungarian).
  26. ↑ Information on Pál Haszmann at mek.oszk.hu, accessed on June 11, 2020 (Hungarian)