Pomarance

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Pomarance
coat of arms
Pomarance (Italy)
Pomarance
Country Italy
region Tuscany
province Pisa  (PI)
Coordinates 43 ° 18 '  N , 10 ° 52'  E Coordinates: 43 ° 17 '59 "  N , 10 ° 52' 25"  E
height 370  m slm
surface 227.5 km²
Residents 5,602 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 25 inhabitants / km²
Post Code 56045
prefix 0588
ISTAT number 050027
Popular name Pomarancini
Patron saint San Vittore
(October 10)
Website Pomarance
Panorama of Pomarance
Panorama of Pomarance

Pomarance is an Italian municipality with 5602 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2019) and is located in the middle of the Tuscany region in the southernmost tip of the province of Pisa . The main sources of income are the geothermal power plant in Larderello , agriculture and forestry , as well as tourism .

geography

Location of Pomarance in the province of Pisa
The districts of Montecerboli (left) and Larderello (right)
Main square Piazza de Larderel in Pomarance with the campanile of the Church of San Giovanni Battista

Pomarance is located on the northern foothills of the Colline Metallifere in the south of the province of Pisa. The Devil's Valley is located in the southern municipality . The regional capital Florence is 60 km northeast, the provincial capital Pisa 60 km northwest. It is part of the Comunità montana Alta Val di Cecina , whose administrative seat it houses, and is in the climatic classification of Italian communities in zone D, 1 874 GR / G. The place is part of the Diocese of Volterra and thus belongs to the Archdiocese of Pisa as a suffragan diocese .

In the valley flows the Cecina river , which is a total of 10 km in the municipality. Up to the Saline di Volterra, the Cecina is one of the cleanest rivers in Italy. After that, however, it is one of the most polluted due to the salt pans . Other rivers in the municipality are the Cornia (2 km of 49 km) and the Torrenti Pavone (7 km of 32 km), Possera (14 km of 18 km) and Trossa (20 km of 22 km).

The municipality of Pomarance consists of the districts (Frazioni) Larderello , Libbiano (479  m , approx. 300 inhabitants), Lustignano (410 m, approx. 150 inhabitants), Micciano (473 m, approx. 60 inhabitants), Montecerboli (386 m, approx. 880 inhabitants), Montegemoli (212 m, approx. 40 inhabitants), San Dalmazio (280 m, approx. 130 inhabitants) and Serrazzano (548 m, approx. 390 inhabitants).

Bordering municipalities are Volterra , Casole d'Elsa ( SI ), Castelnuovo di Val di Cecina , Monterotondo Marittimo ( GR ), Monteverdi Marittimo , Montecatini Val di Cecina and Radicondoli (SI).

history

The oldest archaeological finds date from the Stone Age . A rich Etruscan grave from the 6th century BC was also found in the municipality . And one from the 4th century BC. Found under the church of John the Baptist in Pomarance.

Only individual finds from the Etruscan period have been made above San Dalmazio. However, the remains of a villa from the time of the Roman Empire were discovered.

In the Middle Ages , Pomarance or Ripomarancie was one of the most important fortresses in the city of Volterra . In the following period Pomarance came under Florentine rule and was developed into an important trading center.

At the beginning of the 19th century, the geothermal industry emerged in Larderello south of Pomarance. This branch of the economy is still the most important in the municipality.

economy

The most important industry is the geothermal plant in Larderello. It is one of the largest power plants in the world. Castelnuovo di Val di Cecina, San Dalmazio and Pomarance are partly district-heated with the hot steam.

Forestry and agriculture cannot be overlooked. Wine, wheat, and wood are among the pillars of the community's economy.

Tourism also plays a major role. Due to the many cultural treasures, many tourists come to Pomarance every year.

Infrastructure

From 1968 to 1992 the converter station of the HVDC SACOI was located in San Dalmazio. Today there is a solar park on the area.

Attractions

Fresco by Vincenzo Tamagni in the Church of San Giovanni Battista , 1525
San Giovanni Battista a Morba
Chiesa di San Dalmazio in the district of San Dalmazio
The ruins of San Michele all formiche
The Rocca Sillana castle
  • Pieve di San Giovanni Battista Pieve in the town center, which was built in the 12th century under the name of Santo Salvatore . The facade and nave were restructured in the 18th and 19th centuries. Contains the fresco circle Scene della vita di Cristo by Luigi Ademollo from 1837, frescoes by Vincenzo di Benedetto di Chele Tamagni (1525) and the works Madonna col Bambino tra i Santi Giovanni Battista, Lucia, Sebastiano e Martino (Cappella di San Giovanni, Panel painting, created in 1525 and restored in 1981) of Tamagni, Madonna del Rosario (panel painting, first altar on the right) by Niccolò Circignani and an annunciazione by Cristoforo Roncalli (canvas painting from 1582). A panel painting ( Madonna del cardellino ) from 1329 has survived , probably from the workshop of Duccio di Buoninsegna .
  • Maria Santissima di Montenero , church in Località Lagoni Rossi. Originated in the 1930s.
  • Madonna di Montenero , church in Larderello. Was consecrated in 1958.
  • Maria Santissima di Montenero , church in Larderello. Was consecrated in 1856.
  • Pieve di San Giovanni Battista a Morba , former Pieve in the Località Morba , also called La Pieve , near Larderello, was mentioned as San Giovanni e Sant'Alessandro as early as 971. Contained paintings by Coppo di Marcovaldo .
  • Chiesa di San Cerbone , church in the district of Montecerboli, has replaced the Pieve di San Giovanni Battista a Morba in its functions since 1460 .
  • Santi Simone e Giuda , church in Libbiano, consecrated in 1849. Was created as a replacement for the castle church. Two of the three bells come from the old castle church and were made in 1330.
  • Pieve di San Giovanni Battista , former Pieve in the Lustignano district. Was already 1171 by Pope Alexander III. mentioned in writing. Was later converted into a residential building.
  • San Martino , church in the center of Lustignano.
  • Pieve vecchia di San Giovanni Battista , former church near Lustignano. Was mentioned in the 12th century and lost its functions in the 16th century. Was later converted into a residential building.
  • Oratorio della Madonna del Carmine , Oratory near the district Micciano, was first mentioned in 947 and later converted to Oratorio della Madonna del Carmine. Located about 3 km from the village on the road to Libbiano and Pomarance.
  • Chiesa di San Michele Arcangelo , church in the district of Micciano, a church built before the 13th century.
  • Oratorio della Carità , also called Chiesina or Compagnia della Visitazione di Maria , small house of prayer near the Church of San Cerbone. Today a museum.
  • Madonna delle Grazie , church in the newer part of Montecerboli. Made in 1961.
  • Chiesa di San Bartolomeo Apostolo , church in the Montegemoli district, first mentioned in 1135. Contains the work Madonna delle Grazie by Francesco Neri Guntarini da Volterra . The panel painting was created around 1360 and was commissioned by Coluccio Frescolini di Montegemoli.
  • Chiesa di San Dalmazio in the district of San Dalmazio, already in 1146 by Pope Eugene III. Mentioned church with a Benedictine convent , which was moved to Volterra in 1511. Received the title of Pieve in 1614. The church was restored in the 18th century with the stones of the Pieve di San Giovanni Battista a Sillano.
  • San Donato , church in the center of Serrazzano. Was initially consecrated to San Michele and received its current title in 1413 from the Church of San Donato (today Sant'Antonio). Was restored in 1969.
  • Oratorio di Sant'Antonio just outside the hamlet of Serrazzano, oratory from the 10th or 11th century that held the title of San Donato until 1413 and was then named Sant'Antonio.
  • Oratorio della Madonna della Casa , chapel built in 1727 between the Pieve di Sillano and the mountain of Sillana.
  • Pieve di San Giovanni Battista a Sillano , former Pieve and today's church ruin near San Dalmazio and the Rocca Sillana, which was mentioned in 954. Has been destroyed several times and finally abandoned in the 16th century.
  • Eremo di San Michele alle formiche , hermitage on the Poggio di Spartacciano hill , which was built in 1377 and abandoned in the 18th century.
  • Rocca Sillana (also written Silana or Sillano ), castle built in the 12th century ( Torre d'Avvistamento ) near San Dalmazio. Was strengthened and enlarged by Giuliano da Sangallo in the 15th century. The suburb (Borgo) has two city gates ( Porta Volterrana and Porta San Rocco ), which can still be seen today.

Awards

Sons and daughters of the place

literature

Web links

Commons : Pomarance  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistiche demografiche ISTAT. Monthly population statistics of the Istituto Nazionale di Statistica , as of December 31 of 2019.
  2. ↑ http://www.umavc.it/ Website of the Unione Montana Alta Val di Cecina, accessed on May 13, 2017 (Italian)
  3. ↑ Website of the Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), accessed on April 4, 2013 (Italian) (PDF; 330 kB)
  4. ↑ Official website of the Sistema Informativo Ambientale della Regione Toscana (SIRA) on the rivers in Pomarance , accessed on April 4, 2013 (Italian)
  5. ↑ Official website of the ISTAT ( Istituto Nazionale di Statistica ) on the 2001 population figures in the province of Pisa, accessed on April 4, 2013 (Italian)
  6. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Lessi: I Luoghi della Fede.
  7. ↑ Castelli Toscani website for Rocca Sillana , accessed on April 5, 2013 (Italian)
  8. ^ Website of the Bandiera Arancione for Castelnuovo di Val di Cecina, accessed on April 5, 2013 (Italian)