51 e régiment d'infantry

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Regiment de La Sarre
51 e regiment d'infanterie

51eRI.jpg

Internal association badge
active 1685 to 1984
Country Armoiries république française.svg France
Armed forces Flag of France.svg French armed forces
Armed forces Flag of France.svg Armée française de terre
Branch of service infantry
Location Mourmelon-le-Grand
Patron saint Saint-Maurice d'Agaune
motto "Plus est en nous"
Anniversaries May 5, 1863
Awards Légion d'honneur
Croix de guerre (1914–1918)
with four palm branches
commander
Important
commanders

André Masséna

Ordinance flag of the regiment 1685–1791

The 51 e régiment d'infanterie was an infantry unit of the French army .

Before regiment numbering was introduced on January 1, 1791, it was last named Régiment de La Sarre in the royal French army .

Lineup and renaming

  • 1651: Henri de La Ferté-Senneterre set up an infantry regiment that was named Régiment de La Ferté-Senneterre . In its simplified form, it was also called the Régiment de La Ferté .
  • 1685: The regiment was renamed the Régiment de La Sarre .
  • January 1, 1791: In the course of the French Revolution in 1791 , all regiments lost their names and were only referred to by numbers. The "Régiment de La Sarre" became the "51 e régiment d'infanterie".

First reorganization

on November 11, 1793:
    • Merging of the "51 e régiment d'infanterie" (formerly "La Sarre") with the:
    • 3 e battalion de volontaires des Bouches-du-Rhône
    • 6 e bataillon de volontaires des Bouches-du-Rhône

to the 101 e demi-brigade de première formation (101st half-brigade of the first type)

on April 17, 1794:
    • Merging of the "51 e régiment d'infanterie" with the:
    • 3 e battalion de volontaires du Var
    • 6 e battalion de volontaires du Var

to the 102e demi-brigade de première formation (102nd half-brigade of the first type)

Second reorganization

  • on January 8, 1796 (18 nivose an IV),
    • the "99 e demi-brigade de première formation" - consisting of the 1st battalion of the 50 e régiment d'infanterie (formerly Régiment de Hainaut), the "1 er bataillon de volontaires des Bouches-du-Rhône" and the "9 e bataillon de volontaires des Bouches-du-Rhône ».
    • the "105 e demi-brigade de première formation" - consisting of the 1st battalion of the 53e regiment d'infanterie (formerly Régiment d'Alsace), the "1 er bataillon de volontaires du Gers" and the 2 e bataillon de volontaires du Gers.
    • the "199 e demi-brigade de première formation" - consisting of the "2 e bataillon de volontaires de Seine-et-Marne", the "3 e bataillon de volontaires de l'Ain" and the "10 e bataillon de volontaires de la Côte-d'Or »
    • the “13 e demi-brigade provisoire”, consisting of the “1 er bataillon des Côtes maritimes”, the “3 e bataillon des Côtes maritimes” and the “6 e bataillon des Côtes maritimes”
    • the “3 e compagnie de grenadiers” of the “14 e demi-brigade de première formation” (formerly the 2nd battalion of the 7 e régiment d'infanterie - Régiment de Champagne) the “1 er bataillon de volontaires du Gard”
    • the “2 e compagnie de grenadiers” of the “25 e demi-brigade de première formation” (formerly the 1st battalion of the 13 e régiment d'infanterie - Régiment de Bourbonnais ) the “4 e bataillon de volontaires du Jura” and the “ 4 e battalion de volontaires du Doubs »

formed the 51 e demi-brigade de seconde formation (51st half-brigade 2nd pattern)

  • 1803: the 51 e demi-brigade de seconde formation became the 51 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • 1815: after the restoration , under Louis XVIII. reorganized the army to eliminate the Napoleonic spirit. The regiments were renamed “Legionen” with a compatriot designation. The previous “51 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne” was named Légion de la Marne and in 1817 was renamed again to 51 e Légion de la Marne .
  • 1820: renamed 51 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
  • 1854: Renamed 51 e régiment d'infanterie
  • 1914: During the mobilization it set up its reserve regiment , the "251 e régiment d'infanterie"

Uniforms 1720–1796

  • Uniform 1720-1734

  • Uniform 1734–1757

  • Uniform 1757–1762

  • Uniform 1762–1767

  • Uniform 1767–1779

  • Uniform 1767–1779 (variation)

  • Uniform 1779–1791

  • Uniform 1791–1792

  • Uniform 1792–1794

Mestres de camp / Colonels

Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.

After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.

Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.

Ancien Régime
1651–1671: Duc de la Ferte
1671–1685: Marquis de la Ferte
1685-1691: Comte de Braque
1691-1704: Comte de Vaudrey
1704–1709: Comte de Montcault
1709-1730: Comte d'Autrey de Montcault
1730-1734: Comte de Boissieux
1734: Comte de Maillebois
1734-1735: Comte de Lussan
1745–1747: Marquis de Tombeboeuf
1747–1762: Marquis de Montpouillan
1762-1767: Comte de Peyre
1767–1784: Duc Louis-Alexandre de La Rochefoucauld
1784–1788: Comte de Montbel
First empire
1805: Louis Paul Baille - Colonel. (later Général de brigade)
1812: Taille (Francois-Nicolas) - Colonel.
1813: Douarche (Pierre) - Colonel.
1814: Rignon (Jean-Antoine) - Colonel.
restoration
1815-1816: Baron de Lascours
1816-1817: Marquis d'Oria
1817-1821: Baron de Cornebize
1821–1826: Colonel Aymon de Contreglise
1826-1830: Colonel Ocher de Beaupre
1830: Colonel Charles Jean-Baptiste Parchappe
July Monarchy
1830-1838: Colonel Guingret
1838: Colonel Duvivier
1838-1846: Colonel Siméon
Second republic
1846–1849: Colonel Claparède
1849-1852: Colonel de Lourmel
Second empire
1852–1855: Colonel Perrin-Jonquière
1855-1859: Colonel Teulat
1859-1862: Colonel Guynet
1862–1865: Colonel Isidore Garnier
1865–1868: Colonel le Page des Longchamps
1868-1871: Colonel Delebecque
1871: Colonel de la Monneraye
Third Republic
1871–1879: Colonel Robillard
1879-1880: Colonel Mezny
1880–1886: Colonel Potier
1886–1898: Colonel Lacapelle
1898–1903: Colonel Roy de Lachaise
1903-1906: Colonel Brochin
1906-1909: Colonel d'Harcourt
1909-1910: Colonel Gille
1910-1914: Colonel Bertaux
1914: Colonel Leroux
First World War
1914: Colonel Agel
1914-1916: Colonel Brion
1916-1917: Colonel Crueche
1917: Colonel Nicolas
1917-1920: Colonel Theilhac
Interwar period
1920-1921: Colonel Cuny
1922: Colonel Theilhac
1922-1926: Colonel Bernard
1926: Colonel Lemaire
1926-1927: Colonel Issaly
1927-1929: Colonel Charreype
1929-1930: Colonel Thomas
1930-1932: Colonel Caisez
1932-1935: Colonel Collin
1935-1936: Colonel Delambre
1938: Colonel Delage
Second World War
1939-1940: Colonel Guy
1940: Colonel Foucault
1941-1942: Colonel Hautcoeur
1945: Colonel Lehagre
post war period
1945–1972:?
1972: Colonel Pasquet de Franlieu
1974: Lt-colonel Taithe
1976: Colonel David
1977: Lt-colonel Le Dentu
1979: Colonel Cardonne
1981: Colonel Nicolaï
1983: Colonel Dubreuil
1983–1984:?

Garrisons and battle calendars

War of the Spanish Succession

War of the Polish Succession

War of the Austrian Succession

  • 1745: Used in the brigade unit with the Régiment de La Marck , it fought with vigor in April in the battle near Pfaffenhofen

The two battalions were deployed in New France from 1756 , they fought against the British forces as part of the Seven Years' War .

Officers of the Régiment de La Sarre who fell there

  • Lieutenant-colonel Étienne-Guillaume de Senezergues, died of his wounds the day after the Battle of the Plains of Abraham
  • Capitaine Dupras died in the Dumont house during the Battle of Sainte-Foy.

Wars of Revolution and Empire

For the sake of clarity, no running text has been made

Between 1793 and 1803 there was no 51 e régiment d'infanterie

Spanish War of Independence

1815-1850

From 1845 to 1850 the regiment was deployed in Algeria and took part in the siege of Zaatcha and the expedition to Kabylia .

Second Empire

On December 4, 1851, the regiment was involved in the suppression of the uprising in Paris, which was the result of the coup of the future Emperor Napoléon III. was. (Also edited by Victor Hugo in: Histoire d'un Crime - History of a crime)

On the occasion of the Crimean War in 1854, the unit was one of the troops that captured and destroyed the Bomarsund fortress .

After the Sardinian War , the regiment was part of the occupation forces that were in Rome between 1860 and 1862. Between 1862 and 1876 it took part in the expedition to the Mexican Empire (1864–1867) . Here the regiment's flag was decorated with the order of the Légion d'honneur .

1870-1914

  • At the beginning of the Franco-Prussian War , the regiment consisted of three battalions, which were assigned to the "3e e Corps d'armée" and with this in the Battle of Colombey , Battle of Mars-la-Tour , Battle of Gravelotte and the Battle of Noisseville fought
  • On August 16, 1870, a fourth battalion was formed from incoming replacements. This became the trunk for the “9 e régiment de marche” (9th marching regiment) from the recruit depot, which belonged to the “1 re brigade” of the “2 e division” in the “13 e corps d'armée”.

1913

On the occasion of the Balkan War , the regiment was embarked in Marseille and transferred to Turkey and Bulgaria .

First World War

Insufficient information is available for combat activity during the war

  • When the war broke out, the 51 e RI and 87 e RI formed the “6 e brigade d'infanterie” (Général E. Care), which with the “5 e brigade d'infanterie” (Général A. Deffontaines) formed the “3e division d'infanterie ”formed in the“ 2e corps d'armée ”.
  • Garrison 1914: Beauvais
  • Rules of engagement of the "51 e RI" on August 5, 1914 :
  • 1.) Regimental staff
Colonel Leroux (regimental commander)
Médecin-major de 1 er cl Mathieu (regimental doctor)
Capitaine-adjoint au chef de corps Mathieu (1st staff officer)
Officier de détails: Lt Hennebicque (accounting officer)
Officier d'approvisionnement: Lt Barbenoire (Supply Officer)
Porte-drapeau: Lt AL Recuras-Massaquant (flag officer - killed at Mouilly ( Maas ) on May 5, 1915)
  • 2) 1st Battalion
Chief de bataillon Lt-col ALJ Agel (battalion commander)
1st company : Capitaine JFM Fehner
2nd Company: Capitaine Rolland
3rd Company: Capitaine Bayol
4th Company: Capitaine Tarrit
1st machine gun platoon: Lt. Salvan
  • 3.) 2nd battalion
Chief de bataillon Commandant . Berthon (battalion commander)
5th Company: Capitaine Mazin
6th Company: Capitaine Vallée (killed on August 22, 1914 near Virton)
7th Company: Capitaine Pierron
8th Company: Capitaine Dumay
2nd machine gun platoon: Lt?
  • 4) 3rd Battalion
Chief of Battalion Com. S. Mayer
9th Company: Capitaine Habguillart
10th Company: Capitaine Parmentier
11th Company: Capitaine Picart
12th Company: Capitaine Hayot
3rd machine gun platoon: Lt?

1914

  • The 51 e RI fought on August 22nd in the Battle of Virton and Houdrigny. Some fallen members of the regiment are buried in the military cemetery there:
Soldier Cherot, René;
Soldier Descamps, Omer;
Soldier Hodin, Eugène;
Soldier Lognon, Richard;
Soldier Polle, Isidore.

1915

  • Trench warfare in the Argonne , near Beauséjour and Les Éparges
  • Trench warfare in Champagne

1916

  • Trench warfare in the Champagne near Tahure

1917

1918

Second World War

French troops deployed in this section

3 e Division d'infanterie motorisée (DIM - 3rd Motorized Infantry Division) under Général Bertin-Bossu. This was a well trained and fully equipped active division. It consisted of the fighting units:
  • 3 e Division Cuirasée (3rd Armored Division) under Général Brocart. Unfortunately, this division was not yet fully ready for action as it had only been set up in March 1940 and lacked training. However, the combat morale of the soldiers was at a high level.
It consisted of:
  • A half-brigade of heavy tanks B1 , (41 e e and 49 e battalion de chars de combat 41st and 49th battle tank battalion).
  • A half-brigade of light tanks Hotchkiss H-39 , (42 e and 45 e Bataillon de chars de combat, BCC).
  • 16 e bataillon de chasseurs à pied Portés (BCP 16th Reinforced Hunters Battalion on foot).
  • 319 e régiment d'artillerie (RA).

The means of communication and the fuel supply were inadequate, as was the reconnaissance. The 16th Jäger Battalion only had 50% off-road vehicles. Instead of the target stock of 160 tanks, there were only 130 in the division.

  • The three e Division d'infantry motorisée - May to 16 June 1940th

On the morning of May 22, 1940, the armored battalion BCC (Bataillon de chars combat) received the order to occupy the forest of Mont des Grues (2 km east of Brieulles-sur-Bar) and to prepare for defense. In the afternoon, the 2nd Company of the BCC as well as the 51 e RI, the 67 e RI and the 91 e RI carried out several local counter-attacks in order to prevent an encirclement. Heavy losses were inflicted on the enemy. On May 23, the 3rd BCC Company was ordered to launch an attack at the exit of the village of Oches. Due to the rapid change in the general situation, the order was reversed, but the company did not reach it, so that it was surrounded in the afternoon. Attacking on her own initiative, she was able to free herself from the clutches, but lost three tanks in the process.

On the morning of May 24th, the battalion reached the Verrières area. Here the companies received their orders. The 3rd Panzer Company had to occupy the forest at Höhe 253, and was supported by an infantry company from the 51st Regiment. A general attack had been scheduled for the late afternoon by the command. The situation changed again, however, and only the infantry company made a limited attack. This action was a failure with the infantry leaders all killed or wounded. The tank officers now had the greatest effort to bring back the remains of the leaderless company. In the late afternoon, the tank company was deployed to eliminate an enemy machine gun nest. The action was successful, but two more tanks were lost.

At the same time, on the orders of the 3 e DCr (3 e division cuirassée), the 2nd tank company was deployed on the forest of Grange-au-Mont in order to clear it of enemy forces. The situation deteriorated noticeably, however, as the Germans began to put pressure on the defenders again in the evening.

The company formed into a column, another maneuver was no longer possible, as they were already behind the enemy lines. The march back was continued fighting, whereby the element of surprise could be exploited, since the Germans were attacked from the back. Four more tanks were lost in this action.

The village of Stonne consisted of a dozen farmhouses in May 1940, it is located south of Sedan in the area where the Germans crossed the Meuse on May 13th. Stonne ruled the heights of Sedan and from this dominant position it was possible to attack Guderian's troops on the flank, which were developing here towards the west. Owning this village was therefore of the utmost importance to both the French and the Germans. The fight developed into extreme violence which earned it the name Verdun de 40 . The regiment received Stonne in 1940 as an honorary designation on the flag.

1944-1945

  • Participation in the liberation of the Dunkirk bridgehead (September 1944 to May 9, 1945)

The Dunkirk bridgehead was about 10 kilometers deep and about 20 kilometers wide on the coastline. It was occupied by 17,000 German soldiers who were equipped with 44 artillery batteries (including 19 cannons of 21 cm caliber). The commanding officer was the Admiral Friedrich Frisius . Since 2 September had the second Canadian Infantry Division, which was on the persecution of the German 15th Army to Belgium, the city of Dunkirk with their armored Czech brigade and the 51 e régiment d'infantry under General Liska included. The 33rd British artillery regiment was added to this as artillery support.

The 51 e régiment d'infanterie - formed from the "110 e régiment d'infanterie" and units of the FFI du Nord (battalions "Dunkerque" and "Jean Bart") under Lieutenant-Colonel Lehagre, as well as reinforcements from the battalions of the Oise department and the department of Pas-de-Calais formed a troop of 4,500 men, which occupied a third of the entire siege ring.

After 1945

The information is missing for the period from 1945 to 1962

  • In 1962, the dissolved 22e régiment de tirailleurs algériens , (22nd Algerian Rifle Regiment) was formed into the 51 Régiment d'Infanterie Motorisé .
  • In 1979 the "51 e régiment d'infanterie" left its Amiens garrison and moved to Compiègne . Here it was disbanded on July 30, 1984.
  • The "31 e Groupement de camp de Mourmelon" (31st Mourmelon training group) took over the tradition of the "51 e Régiment d'infanterie" and since then has had the double designation: "51 e Régiment d'infanterie / 31 e Groupement de camp (51 e RI / 31e e GTC) ".
  • In 2000, the double designations were given up again because of irritations in dealing with the civilian sector.

The "Groupements de camp" were also given up as part of the restructuring in order to simplify the administration, the practice areas were connected to the active regiments. An exception was the "51 e RI / 31 e GTC", which continued to exist as the "Régiment de camp de Mourmelon (RCM)" and into which the Groupements de camp of Suippes and Sissonnes were incorporated.

  • In 2006 the "Center d'entraînement des brigades" (CEB - Brigade Training Center) was set up in Mourmelon-le-Grand, for which the "Régiment de camp de Mourmelon (RCM)" was used and its name disappeared. However, the new unit kept the regimental flag and the tradition of the former "51 e RI". The unit of the "Camp de Suippes" was spun off and placed under the "40 e Régiment d'artillerie", that of the "Camp de Sissonnes" became the CENZUB ( Center d'entraînement aux actions en zone urbaine - training center for urban warfare).
  • In 2013 the "Center d'Entraînement des Brigades" changed its name and became "CENTIAL - 51 e RI" (Center d'Entraînement Interarmes et du Soutien Logistique - 51 e Régiment d'Infanterie). In a ceremony on June 27, 2013 in Mourmelon-le-Grand, the Fourragère of the tradition of the 51 e RI was transferred to the center. Since then, the regiment's flag has been carried by the CENTIAL.

Regimental flag

On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.

  • Arcole 1796
  • Eylau 1807
  • Bomarsund 1854
  • San-Lorenzo 1863
  • Beauséjour 1915
  • Verdun 1917
  • L'Avre 1918
  • Tahure 1918
  • Stonne 1940
  • AFN 1952-1962
Flag of the 51 e régiment d'infantry de ligne
Flag of the 51 e régiment d'infantry de ligne with banner ribbon

Awards

The flag ribbon is decorated with the order of the Légion d'honneur, and the Croix de guerre 1914–1918 with four palm branches. Members of the regiment have had the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Médaille militaire since November 17, 1918 (four honorable mentions in the army report)

  • Fourragère aux couleurs de la Médaille militaire

  • Croix de guerre

  • Legion of Honor

Internal association badges

  • Badge of the 51 e Battalion d'Infanterie.

  • Badge of the 51 e RI 1939

  • Badge of the 51 e Régiment d'Infanterie / 31 e Groupement de Camp.

  • Regimental badge 1970

Motto

Plus est en nous
(There is more in us)

Known members of the regiment

literature

  • drapeaux.org 51e regiment d'infanterie de ligne.
  • Archives militaires du Château de Vincennes.
  • À partir du Recueil d'Historiques de l'Infanterie Française (Général Andolenko - Eurimprim 1969).

Web links

Commons : Flags of the 51 ° regiment d'infanterie  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ The citizens of La Sarre in Canada took this name for their city in honor of the regiment that fought there against the British
  2. ^ 3rd Volunteer Battalion (from the region) Bouches-du-Rhône
  3. ↑ The purpose of this amalgamation was to provide the untrained volunteers of the revolution with a corset of tried and tested soldiers
  4. ↑ the “9 e bataillon de volontaires des Bouches-du-Rhône” was also referred to as the “1 er bataillon de volontaires du Luberon”
  5. ↑ "Histoire d'un crime"
  6. ^ "Opération du" 13 e corps d'armée "et de la" 3 e armée "durant le Siège de Paris (1870)" by Général Vinoy, pages 7 & 15
  7. ↑ 1st class
  8. ↑ «  Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007  »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
  9. ↑ "  Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie  " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
  10. ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time
  11. ↑ In 1859, on the occasion of the Battle of Magenta, Emperor Napoleon III decided. that any regiment that captures an enemy flag should be awarded the Legion of Honor. The 2 e Zouaves (2nd Zouaves Regiment) was the first unit that was decorated accordingly on June 4, 1859 for this reason.