Regatta course Oberschleißheim

Regatta course Oberschleißheim
Regatta course
Geographical location	near Oberschleißheim and Munich ; Bavaria ( Germany )
Islands	no
Location close to the shore	Munich
Data
Coordinates	48 ° 14 '34 "  N , 11 ° 30' 54"  E Coordinates: 48 ° 14 '34 "  N , 11 ° 30' 54"  E
Altitude above sea level	479.25  m above sea level NHN
surface	31.22 ha
length	2.23 km
width	140 m
Maximum depth	3.5 m
particularities	laid out for the 1972 Summer Olympics

Main grandstand, finish tower and finish area

Target area

The regatta course Oberschleißheim (also called regatta facility Feldmoching-Oberschleißheim ) is an artificial, rectangular and 2.23 km long groundwater lake on the northern edge of Munich . It was created for the 1972 Summer Olympics and was the venue for canoe racing and rowing competitions . The facility has been a listed building since 2018 .

Geographical location

The area on the northern edge of the Munich gravel plain is located in the Dachauer Moos between the core towns of the municipalities of Karlsfeld in the southwest, Oberschleißheim in the northeast and the Munich urban area with the district of Feldmoching in the south. The somewhat larger southwest part of the regatta course belongs to Munich, the boat halls with the start area belong to the Oberschleißheim municipality. The facility is located at the lowest point in Munich at around 480  m above sea level. NHN . About 600 m northeast of the northeast end of the regatta course is the Oberschleißheim junction of the federal highway 92 with the federal highway 471 crossing the highway and passing the regatta a few meters north; there are numerous parking spaces there. The A 92 branches off from the federal highway 99 , 2.7 km south-southeast of the regatta course . In the eastern neighborhood, on the border between Munich and Oberschleißheim, is the Regattaparksee , a former quarry pond that can be used in part for swimming.

Regatta course

Since its completion in August 1971, the mirror length of the regatta trough has totaled 2,230 m, it is 140 m wide and 3.5 m deep. The altitude of the surrounding landscape changes from 485.5  m at the start in the southwest and 480  m at the finish in the northeast. In order to ensure fair conditions for the athletes, the pool axis was laid out parallel to the main wind direction, southwest-northeast. The regatta course is popularly known as the "rowing regatta". This expression, which actually describes a sporting event, can even be found on various signposts and street signs in the surrounding area.

To this day, the regatta course is used by rowers and canoeists for training, and national and international rowing and canoeing championships are held, including the 2007 rowing world championships . An asphalt path runs around the pool, which is very popular with inline skaters. The regatta course includes numerous outbuildings (accommodation building with sports hall, boat halls with sanitary facilities, jury building, target tower) as well as a grandstand.

history

From construction to the Olympic Games

Central grandstand (state 2012). The monopitch roof is held in place by 18 steel tension cables laid under wood. Hans Kastler's concrete sculpture is visible in the area of ​​the tie rods close to the ground. ( ⊙ )

Regatta course (status 2010)

In addition to the Munich Oberwiesenfeld , where the Olympic Park (Munich) was built from the spring of 1968 , no other sports facility at the 1972 Summer Olympics was subjected to so many technical, geological, hydrological and aerodynamic investigations. An important point for the decision to choose Oberschleißheim as a competition venue was the convenient transport connections, since the attractive rowing and canoeing competitions were expected to attract a relatively high number of 24,000 visitors. In addition, the site was largely flat and had a high groundwater level.

Preliminary examinations

Investigations had been carried out beforehand on the lakes in the Bavarian Oberland , at the Sylvenstein reservoir and at various locations in the area of ​​the Munich gravel plain. In addition, the site at Zengermoos near Moosinning in the Erding district and in Königsdorf in the Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen district were examined. The Königsdorfer Moor in the area of ​​the sports airfield had ultimately met all the technical requirements with the exception of the relatively long distance to Oberwiesenfeld. In the end, however, the Feldmoching-Oberschleißheim location, which had already been envisaged in the 1966 Olympic bid, was chosen as the competition site. Although the additional costs for the 85 hectare property in Oberschleissheim were around 4 million DM higher than those in Königsdorf, the decision of March 1969, in addition to the consideration of realizing the motto of the “Olympia of short distances”, also included post-Olympic use thought, whereby the proximity to Munich was the final factor. In contrast to Königsdorf, when the decision to go to Oberschleißheim was made at very short notice - on April 1, 1969 - no field tests had taken place up to this point in time. In order for the Olympia-Baugesellschaft to start construction work in September 1969, these investigations - including hydrological questions, precise soil explorations and plant-sociological recordings - had to be carried out under very high time pressure.

Construction and landscape concept

The overall design of the outdoor facilities was entrusted to the architects and engineers Michael Eberl und Partner from Munich (partners: Helmut Weippert, Erich Heym, Otto Leitner ). In June 1969, Eberl and 13 other architects were invited by the Olympia-Baugesellschaft to a limited competition, which he won. Georg Penker from Neuss was awarded the contract as landscape architect . In addition to the actual construction of the route, the architects planned to relocate the Schwebelbach over a length of one kilometer. It was important to the architect that the overall concept of the facility was harmoniously integrated into the landscape of the Dachauer Moos. This should also underline the predominant use of wood as a building material. Construction details such as the 18 steel tensioning cables holding the far cantilevered monopitch roof of the main stand were concealed on the back with a wooden panel. All wood construction work was carried out exclusively by regional carpenters. Their high-quality work is still clearly visible today.

In terms of landscape architecture, the complex should be in harmony with the centuries-old room-dividing structures in the Dachauer Mooses. Penker referred to the straight streets and tree hedges and bushes as well as the canals laid out by Elector Max Emanuel (1662–1726). The hedge landscape theme was therefore implemented on the entire area. In order to give nature a lot of design options, the parking spaces were not sealed, but covered with historical paving stones that had been removed during the expansion of Munich's traffic engineering at the time. Today wild thyme grows between the cracks . Meadow sage can be found in the extensively cultivated meadow around the regatta trough . The species of butterflies that occur here include the blue-toothed knuckleback , the small fire butterfly and map maps . It was planned for the time after the Games to open one of the two banks of the river, which is over two kilometers long, for bathing. There was also the opportunity to fish the trout, which were already in use by the thousands, before the opening. To this day, bathing is possible on a 500-meter-long strip along the grandstand during the days when there are no events, and the regatta trough also remained interesting for anglers. The water body has been managed by the association “Die Isarfischer” since it was set up.

Establishment

After an invitation to tender in June 1969, the Olympia construction company entrusted Dorsch Consult with the planning and construction management for the civil engineering work. Many approval negotiations in connection with the water rights proceedings were necessary before this tender. The Schöndorfer-Putz consortium was responsible for executing the civil engineering works that began on September 1, 1969. The infrastructure during the Games included a total of 5,000 vehicle parking spaces for visitors, of which only 2,400 could be made available on the regatta grounds north of the boat halls and in the grandstand area. A total of 2,790,000 cubic meters of gravel, topsoil and forest soil were moved for the construction.

The excavation that resulted from the excavation work was used for the A 99, which was also under construction in this area at the time, and for the construction of a viewing hill in the nearby Schwarzhölzl forest, which was not originally planned . The backfilling of the hill, today's Schwarzhölzlberg ( 509.4  m ), on which parts of the Schwarzhölzl nature reserve , which was designated in 1985, lie, was a measure born of necessity, as the use of the B 471 for transport vehicles of the Olympic construction company by the traffic authorities due to the expected traffic congestion - especially during peak hours - was rejected. With the help of the city of Munich and the forest authorities, however, a plot of land that was not of value for forest engineering was found for filling purposes. In this way, the expansion of the regatta course could continue without any loss of time. The hill consists of around 600,000 cubic meters of worn forest soil and overburden gravel.

The grandstands with the goal tower in the eastern goal area had 9,000 seats and 16,000 standing places as well as additional places for guests of honor, press, radio and television commentators during the games. In the rear area of ​​this facility, among other things, several cafeterias, kiosks, radio and television centers, press rooms, a post office and a telex room were housed. There was also an exhibition on the development of sport rowing boats and canoes with numerous demonstration objects.

On June 29, 1972, the facility passed into the ownership of the Bavarian capital through a consortium agreement between the federal government, the state and Munich, together with other Olympic sites. According to this contract, the city had to bear all follow-up costs for the regatta course alone.

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  Main grandstand and target tower

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  Target tower

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  Target tower and grandstand

architectural art

The Olympia-Baugesellschaft also commissioned three works of art to decorate the regatta course. The most striking thing is the concrete sculpture by the Austrian sculptor Hans Kastler , which - like a snake - winds around the wooden trusses behind the main grandstand, visually interrupting the rigid construction. Together with the architect Michael Eberl, the artist won the Goslar Prize "Art and Architecture" in 1975. The sculptor Karlheinz Hoffmann (1925–2011) was also one of the creative forces. Instead of a sculpture, he preferred to create a meeting place and built the festival and fire area of ​​the facility, which is still used today by athletes as a barbecue and party location. The third work of art, another sculpture, is located in the sauna courtyard and was designed by Arnold Ulrich Hertel.

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  Concrete sculpture on the back of the central stand

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  Festival and fire place

Olympic regatta competitions 1972

During the 1972 Summer Olympics, which took place from August 26th to September 11th, the following regatta competitions were held on the Oberschleißheim regatta course:

Schedule of the regatta competitions at the 1972 Olympic Summer Games
August / September 1972	26th	27.	28.	29	30th	31.	1.	2.	03.	04th	5.	6th	7th	8th.	9.	10.	11.
Canoe racing											attack	pre- runs	Hope runs	semi- final	Final- runs
rowing		pre- runs	Reserve day	Hope runs	Reserve day	Semi- finals	Small finale	Final- runs

After 1972

Eberl was honored with the Grand Prize of the Association of German Architects in 1973 for his architectural achievement . Since the Federal Ministry of the Interior set up and promoted a high-performance center that still exists on the regatta course after the Olympic Games, which should not only serve top-class sport , it shared the running costs according to an agreement of June 13, 1973 with the City of Munich, despite the consortium agreement the plant. Up to 1978 this was 1.6 million DM. In addition to the 31 hectare water basin, the Olympic facility at that time also comprised wide open spaces, grandstands for 26,000 people, large halls and car parks as well as an accommodation building.

As a result, the regatta course was also often used for national and international competitions in rowing and canoeing. German rowing and canoe racing championships are held regularly, for example the German rowing large boat championship in 2010 and the German junior rowing championship in 2017. The Munich Olympic Regatta Association was founded in 1994. This was supposed to relieve the clubs that had organized the regattas up to that point and since then it has been organizing major rowing events every year. In 1997 Oberschleißheim was the venue for the first rowing World Cup . In 1981 and 2007 the rowing world championships could also be brought here. Both regattas were great spectator successes - in 2007 there were a total of over 60,000 visitors to the route. The Olympic Regatta Association Munich e. However, as a result of the 2007 World Cup, V. had to file for bankruptcy in 2013. In the same year, the newly founded Regatta München e. V. The 1st International Junior Regatta of the German Rowing Association has been held here every year since 1995.

In order to increase capacity utilization, the ADAC Südbayern organized several motorboat competitions between 1982 and 1990 , some of which were combined with hovercraft races. The highlights were the races for the Formula 1 world championship series in 1984 and 1985. In spite of the ideal conditions and the great interest of the spectators, motorboat races could no longer be held later. A new Bavarian law stipulated that only engines with catalytic converters could be used at sporting events . At the time, this was not technically possible with the two-stroke outboard motors used .

In 2007, a part of the Olympic grandstand - the former standing grandstand - was demolished due to lack of demand and due to ongoing erosion. Further dismantling concerned the time measuring storms.

To this day, the regatta course is home to rowing and canoeing clubs. The Munich high performance center for rowing and canoeing, the Rudergesellschaft München 1972 e. V., the Schleissheimer Ruderclub e. V. and the MTV Munich 1879 with its canoe department their sporting home and have won numerous Bavarian, German and international championships with their athletes.

Regatta Munich e. V. and the Munich Canoe Regatta Association organize various national and international competitions and championships in canoeing and rowing on the facility.

Large-scale demolition or monument protection?

For some years now, the state capital has been looking for a financial partner to maintain the regatta course, as it no longer wants to bear part of the costs alone. Following an ideas competition in 2014, among other things, a proposal was made to demolish a large area of ​​the facilities that had been largely preserved since 1972 but in need of renovation. In addition to the administration and accommodation wing, these demolition measures would also affect the school camp located at the main stand and half of the stand itself. But as early as 2013, the State Monuments Office set its sights on the award-winning facility and prepared an expertise.

Fauna and flora in the regatta trough

In addition to the brown trout and rainbow trout already used in the regatta course at the Olympic Games , which were supposed to prevent excessive growth by aquatic plants, other fish species such as carp , pike , perch and eel were added later. In 2006, 3,000 noble crabs from the Eibsee were relocated to the clean water of the regatta course in order to offer them better chances of survival.

panorama

and display information about the image

Regatta course Oberschleißheim (rowing regatta Munich) with main grandstand, target tower and workshops

Movies

Video on YouTube

See also

• 1972 Summer Olympics / Rowing
• 1972 Summer Olympics / Canoe
• List of bodies of water in Munich
• Central university sports facility

Individual evidence

1. ^ Klaus Bachhuber: The Olympic regatta facility is now a listed building. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . Online version of October 25, 2018, accessed October 25, 2018.
2. ↑ Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
3. ↑ ^{a b} The Games ; 3-volume documentary about the Olympic Summer Games in Munich 1972; Volume 2: The Buildings. Publisher: Organizing Committee for the Games of the XX. Olympics Munich 1972; ProSport Verlag, Munich 1974, p. 16.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the structures at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 49.
5. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 53.
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Karl H. Krämer (Ed.): Rowing and canoe regatta facility Feldmoching / Oberschleißheim . In: Architecture + Competitions, Olympic Buildings Munich 1972. Stuttgart 1972, ISBN 3-7828-0207-1 , p. 42.
7. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 8.
8. ^ ^{A b c} Axel Walter: Award-winning architecture between thyme and meadow sage. The 1972 Olympic regatta course in Oberschleißheim. In: Monument preservation information . Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, 153, 2012, pp. 41–43; here, p. 41.
9. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 50 and 59.
10. ↑ Volker D. Laturell : Feldmoching. The origin and development history of a Munich district. Munich 1970, p. 331.
11. ^ The Games ; 3-volume documentary about the Olympic Summer Games in Munich 1972; Volume 2: The Buildings . Publisher: Organizing Committee for the Games of the XX. Olympics Munich 1972; ProSport Verlag, Munich 1974, p. 106.
12. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 50.
13. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 59.
14. ↑ ^{a b c d} Axel Walter: Award-winning architecture between thyme and meadow sage. The 1972 Olympic regatta course in Oberschleißheim. In: Monument preservation information. Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, 153, 2012, pp. 41–43; here, p. 42.
15. ↑ ^{a b} Otto Haas, Wolfgang Kösler (Red.): Official Olympic Leader of the Games of the XX. Olympiad Munich 1972. Organizing committee for the games of the XX. Olympiade Munich 1972. Atlas Verlag, Munich 1972, ISBN 3-920053-00-1 , pp. 17 and 24.
16. ↑ Alexander Freitag, Klaus Wergles: Baden with the MVV. 70 bathing places around Munich. Munich Transport and Tariff Association. Bruckmann Verlag, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-7654-3815-4 .
17. ↑ The Olympic Rowing Regatta , March 22, 2008, accessed on February 21, 2014, on isarfischer.de
18. ^ Albert Deitermann, Martin Imm: Rowing regatta course for the XX. Olympics in Munich, Feldmoching-Oberschleißheim. In: Buildings for the 1972 Olympics: Munich, Kiel, Augsburg. Munich 1972, p. 219.
19. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 66.
20. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), p. 58.
21. ↑ Strunz, Köhnlechner, Lottes: Civil engineering for the buildings at the XX games. Olympics Munich 1972. Published by Olympia-Baugesellschaft mbH. Engelhard-Druck, Nördlingen (no year), pp. 61–65.
22. ↑ ^{a b c} German Bundestag, 8th electoral term, printed matter 8/2124 (report of the Federal Audit Office). In: Negotiations of the German Bundestag, Stenographic Reports. Vol. 246. Bonn 1978, p. 9.
23. ↑ German Championships U17 / U19 / U23 ( German Rowing Association ; DRV), from June 22, 2017, accessed on May 17, 2018, on rudern.de
24. ↑ Axel Walter: Award-winning architecture between thyme and meadow sage. The 1972 Olympic regatta course in Oberschleißheim. In: Monument preservation information. Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation, 153, 2012, pp. 41–43; here, p. 43.
25. ↑ Skipper magazine (Miesbach), Issue 11/84, pp. 30–32.
26. ↑ Magazine skipper (Miesbach), No. 8/85, pp 20-22.
27. ↑ Projects and references , accessed on April 6, 2015, from akquiterra.de
28. ↑ Euro Masters Regatta / Event information - worldrowing.com. Retrieved March 5, 2017 (American English). 
29. ^ Willi Bock: Rowing and Canoeing in Munich. Final spurt for the Olympic regatta facility. , from January 13, 2014, Abendzeitung online, accessed on February 22, 2014, from abendzeitung-muenchen.de
30. ↑ Willi Bock: Restoration of millions? Monument protection for the Olympic regatta. , dated April 9, 2013, accessed on February 22, 2014, from abendzeitung-muenchen.de
31. ^ The Games ; 3-volume documentary about the Olympic Summer Games in Munich 1972; Volume 2: The Buildings. Publisher: Organizing Committee for the Games of the XX. Olympics Munich 1972; ProSport Verlag, Munich 1974, p. 26.
32. ↑ Stefan Herbke: Baden. Rowing regatta lake. süddeutsche.de , May 21, 2010, accessed on January 22, 2016 . 

Remarks

1. ↑ Due to the hostage-taking of Munich, the start of the canoe racing event - in contrast to the planned start on September 5, 1972 - was postponed by one day.

Web links

Commons : Regattastrecke Oberschleißheim  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Performance center Munich for rowing and canoeing
• Rowing Society Munich 1972 e. V.
• Schleissheimer Ruderclub e. V.
• Regatta Munich e. V.
• Canoe regatta club Munich