Indigenous Peoples Region (Taiwan)

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Regions of the indigenous peoples ( Chinese  原住民 族 地區 , Pinyin yuánzhùmínzú dìqū , Pe̍h-ōe-jī Goân-chū bîn-cho̍k tē-khu ) of Taiwan are administrative units in which the indigenous peoples of Taiwan enjoy special rights.

Historical background

The map from 1916 at the time of Japanese rule shows the boundaries of the residential areas of the indigenous peoples
Today's regions of the indigenous peoples mountain regions plains regions



Until the 17th century, the island of Taiwan was almost exclusively inhabited by Austronesian ethnic groups. From the 17th century - partly catalyzed by European colonial powers - a continuous immigration of Han Chinese from mainland China began, which intensified after Taiwan became part of the Chinese Empire at the end of the 17th century . The indigenous population was pushed out of the fertile plains of the west coast and either assimilated into the Chinese culture or pushed into the inaccessible mountainous region in the center of the island and in the east of the island. In what is now the Republic of China in Taiwan , around 550,000 people (around 2.5 percent of the total population) belong to the so-called indigenous peoples.

Since the political transformation and democratization of Taiwan from the 1980s / 1990s, the indigenous cultures have increasingly been viewed as a valuable cultural heritage of Taiwan that has to be preserved. As a result, they were granted more and more rights. 54 communities, in which members of indigenous peoples make up a substantial proportion of the population, have been declared “regions of indigenous peoples”, in which the culture and languages ​​of the indigenous peoples are to receive special protection and special promotion. The legislature differentiates between “indigenous peoples of the mountains” and “indigenous peoples of the plains”. The definitions refer to the traditional settlement areas of the individual peoples during the time of Japanese rule .

List of regions of indigenous peoples

Overview

There are four types of regions of indigenous peoples. If the municipality in question is located in a rural district, it can be a rural municipality ( , Xiāng ), a city municipality ( , Zhèn ) or a (district) town ( , Shì ). If the region forms an urban district in a city under the government, it is considered a "mountainous district of the indigenous people" ( 直轄市 山地 原住民 區 , zhíxiáshì shāndì yuánzhùmín qū ).

County /
Government Immediate City
Borough Rural community Borough County seat
mountain level
New Taipei 1
Yilan County 2
Taoyuan 1
Hsinchu County 2 1
Miaoli county 1 2
Taichung 1
Nantou county 2 1
Chiayi County 1
Kaohsiung 3
Pingtung County 8th 1
Taitung County 5 7th 2 1
Hualien County 3 7th 2 1
total 6th 24 19th 4th 2

List of municipalities

The following municipalities or city districts are considered regions of the indigenous peoples ". Area of ​​the mountainous region Area of ​​the plain



Surname Chinese Taiwanese Hakka Formosa language Community type Administrative unit Main language (s)
Nan'ao 南澳 鄉 Lâm-ò Nàm-o Rural community Yilan County Atayal
Datong 大 同鄉 Tāi-tông Thai-thùng Rural community Yilan County Atayal
Wulai 烏 來 區 U-lai Vû-lòi Ulay Atayal Borough New Taipei Atayal
Fuxing 復興 區 Hok-heng Fu̍k-hîn Pyasan Atayal Borough Taoyuan Atayal
Guanxi 關 西 鎮 Koan-se Kûan-sî Borough Hsinchu County Atayal
Jianshi 尖石 鄉 Chiam-chio̍h Tsiâm-sa̍k Rural community Hsinchu County Atayal
Wufeng 五峰 鄉 Ngó͘-hong Ńg-fûng Rural community Hsinchu County Atayal , Saisiyat
Nanzhuang 南 庄鄉 Lâm-chng Nàm-chông Rural community Miaoli county Saisiyat
Shitan 獅 潭 鄉 Sai-thâm Sṳ̂-thàn Rural community Miaoli county Saisiyat
Tai'an 泰安 鄉 Thài-an Thai-ôn Rural community Miaoli county Atayal
Heping 和平 區 Hô-pêng Fò-phìn Borough Taichung Atayal
Yuchi 魚池 鄉 Hî-tî Ǹg-tshṳ̀ Rural community Nantou county Thao
Xinyi 信義 鄉 Sìn-gī Sin-ngi Rural community Nantou county Bunun
Ren'ai 仁愛 鄉 Jîn-ài Yìn-oi Rural community Nantou county Atayal , Bunun , Seediq
Alishan 阿里山 鄉 A-lí-san Â-lî-sân Psoseongana Tsou Rural community Chiayi County Tsou
Namaxia 那 瑪夏 區 Namasia Namasia Namasia Bunun , Kanakanavu Borough Kaohsiung Bunun , Kanakanavu
Tauyuan 桃源 區 Thô-goân Thò-ngièn Ngani Bunun Borough Kaohsiung Bunun , Saaroa
Maolin 茂林 區 Bō͘-lîm Meu-lìm Teldreka Rukai Borough Kaohsiung Rukai
Manzhou 滿州 鄉 Bóan-chiu Mân-chû Manutsuru Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan
Sandimen 三 地 門 鄉 Soaⁿ-tē-mn̂g Sâm-thi-mùn Timur Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan , Rukai
Wutai 霧 臺 鄉 Bu-tai Vu-thòi Vedai Rukai Rural community Pingtung County Rukai
Majia 瑪 家鄉 Má-ka Mâ-kâ Makazayazaya Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan
Taiwu 泰武 鄉 Thài-bú Thai-vú Klaljuc Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan
Laiyi 來 義 鄉 Lâi-gī Lòi-ngi Rai Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan
Chunri 春日 鄉 Chhun-ji̍t Tshûn-ngit Kasugagu Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan
Shizi 獅子 鄉 Sai-chu Sṳ̂-é Sisigu Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan
Mudan 牡丹 鄉 Offered Méu-tân Sinvaudjan Paiwan Rural community Pingtung County Paiwan
Taitung 臺 東 市 Tâi-tang Thòi-tûng Pusung American , Paiwan , Puyuma County seat Taitung County Yanks , Paiwan , Puyuma
Chenggong 成功 鎮 Sêng-kong Sṳ̀n-kûng Madawdaw American Borough Taitung County Amish
Guanshan 關 山鎮 Koan-san Kûan-sân Lilong American Borough Taitung County Amish
Beinan 卑南 鄉 Pi-lâm Pî-nàm Puyuma American & Puyuma , Pinang Rukai Rural community Taitung County Yanks , Puyuma , Rukai
Dawu 大 武鄉 Tāi-bú Thai-vú Palangoe Paiwan Rural community Taitung County Paiwan
Taimali 太麻里 鄉 Thài-mâ-lí Thai-mà-lî Tjavualji American , Paiwan Rural community Taitung County Yanks , Paiwan
Changbin 長 濱 鄉 Tn̂g-pin Tshòng-pîn Kakacawan American Rural community Taitung County Amish
Donghe 東 河鄉 Tong-hô Tûng-hò Fafukod American Rural community Taitung County Amish
Luye 鹿野 鄉 Lo̍k-iá Lu̍k-yâ Rural community Taitung County Amish
Chishang 池上 鄉 Tî-siōng Tshṳ̀ song Rural community Taitung County Amish
Yanping 延平 鄉 Iân-pêng Yèn-phìn Inpiing Bunun Rural community Taitung County Bunun
Haiduan 海端 鄉 Hai-toaⁿ Hói-tôn Haitutuan Bunun Rural community Taitung County Bunun
Daren 達仁 鄉 Ta̍t-jîn Tha̍t-yìn Tadren Paiwan Rural community Taitung County Paiwan
Jinfeng 金峰 鄉 Kim-hong Kîm-fûng Kinzang Paiwan Rural community Taitung County Paiwan
Lan Yu 蘭嶼 鄉 Lân-sū Làn-yí Ponso no Tao Yami Rural community Taitung County Yami
Hualien 花蓮 市 Hoa-liân Fâ-lièn Kalinko Amisisch , Nabakuwan Sakizaya County seat Hualien County Yanks , Sakizaya , Truku
Fenglin 鳳林 鎮 Hōng-lîm Fung-lìm Marlimu American Borough Hualien County Amish
Yuli 玉里 鎮 Gio̍k-lí Ngiu̍k-lî Posko American Borough Hualien County Amish
Xincheng 新 城鄉 Sin-siâⁿ Sîn-sàng Sinjiyu Truku , Takidi's American Rural community Hualien County American , Truku
Ji'an 吉安 鄉 Kiat-an Kit-on Cikasuan American Rural community Hualien County American , Truku
Shoufeng 壽 豐 鄉 Siū-hong Su-fûng Ciamengan American Rural community Hualien County Amish
Guangfu 光復 鄉 Kong-ho̍k Kông-fu̍k Fata'an American Rural community Hualien County Amish
Fengbin 豐 濱 鄉 Hong-pin Fûng-pîn Fakon Amisisch , Bakung Kavalan Rural community Hualien County American , Kavalan
Ruisui 瑞穗 鄉 Sūi-sūi Lui-sui Kohkoh American Rural community Hualien County Amish
Fuli 富 里 鄉 Hù-lí Fu-lî Kongpo American Rural community Hualien County Amish
Xiulin 秀林 鄉 Siù-lîm Siu-lìm Bsuring Truku Rural community Hualien County Truku
Wanrong 萬榮 鄉 Bān-êng Van-yùng Malibasi Truku Rural community Hualien County Truku , Bunun
Zhuoxi 卓 溪鄉 Toh-khe Cho̍k-hâi Takkei Bunun Rural community Hualien County Bunun

Individual evidence

  1. a b 55 個 原 鄉 列表 ("List of the 55 original communities"). Website of the Council of Indigenous Peoples, May 4, 2018, accessed May 20, 2018 (English / Chinese).
  2. 新聞稿: 落實 原住民 族 語言 發展 法 , 原住民 族 地區 地方 通行 語 公告 了! ("Press release: Announcement of the implementation of the law on the development of the languages ​​of indigenous peoples, and the local languages ​​of the regions of indigenous peoples! "). Council of Indigenous Peoples website, May 4, 2018, accessed May 20, 2018 (Chinese).
  3. 55 個 原住民 族 鄉鎮 市區 ("55 rural communities, town councils and urban districts of the indigenous peoples"). Taiwan government data portal, accessed May 20, 2018 (Chinese).