St. Lorenz (Kempten)
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St. Lorenz
Independent city of Kempten (Allgäu)
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| Coordinates : | 47 ° 46 ' N , 10 ° 16' E | |
| Area : | 18.29 km² | |
| Residents : | 2609 (Dec. 31, 2012) | |
| Population density : | 143 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1972 | |
| Postal code : | 87439 | |
| Area code : | 0831 | |
Location of St. Lorenz in Kempten (Allgäu) |
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Sankt Lorenz (further common spelling: St. Lorenz ) is a former rural community in what was then the Kempten (Allgäu) district , which was incorporated into the city of Kempten (Allgäu) on July 1, 1972 , where it now forms the northwestern part of the Kempten urban area. The counterpart to St. Lorenz was the municipality of Sankt Mang . The names of these two municipalities, each comprising several districts, were not derived from the largest localities, but from the two Kempten parishes of St. Lorenz and St. Mang .
geography
Geographical location
Sankt Lorenz is located west of the Iller, today it forms one of the three districts of the city of Kempten and corresponds exactly to the district 6 with 2609 inhabitants as of December 31, 2012. This makes Sankt Lorenz the district with the smallest number of inhabitants and the lowest population density; In contrast to parts of Sankt Mang, Sankt Lorenz has largely retained its rural character.
Community structure
For statistical purposes, district 6 is further divided into two districts, from north to south:
- 60 Heiligkreuz / Neuhausen / Oberwang (1574 inhabitants)
- 61 Hinterbach / Hirschdorf / Zollhaus (1035 inhabitants)
The districts are further subdivided into blocks.
Parish parts
In contrast to Sankt Mang, there is no district of the same name in the former municipality of Sankt Lorenz. The historic community center was the place Heiligkreuz with the monastery of the same name and the pilgrimage , as by far the largest town. In 1987 Heiligkreuz had 493 inhabitants. Other places in the municipality of Sankt Lorenz with a population of more than 100 people were Neuhausen (249), Zollhaus (240), Oberwang (149), Hinterbach (141) and Hirschdorf (121).
The table contains only the officially named parts of the municipality that still existed at the time of incorporation on July 1, 1972 and still belong to the municipality. The parts of the community that were outsourced in earlier years (and incorporated into Kempten) are not listed.
Map with all coordinates: history
The community was created in 1818 by separating rural districts west of Kempten. The municipality of St. Lorenz was formed in 1818 from the main teams Hirschdorf , Hofammannschaft (there is no place with this name), Mariaberg and Neuhausen . Another source mentions a fifth main team, Grünberg . Before secularization in 1802, the entire community area belonged to the prince monastery of Kempten .
With a resolution of December 6, 1869, the first assignment of territory took place; Around 360 days of work with Schwaighausen, Anwanden and Fischerösch were connected to the city of Kempten. In 1904 there were small handovers of territory. Land reclamation was particularly important for Kempten, because in 1924 St. Lorenz consisted of 3270 hectares with 4144 inhabitants, which considerably expanded the very small Kempten city area.
In 1933 the city of Kempten became active again and turned to the government. After two years of negotiations, the largest area of territory was transferred to Kempten. With effect from October 1, 1934, St. Lorenz lost a good third of its previous area, which corresponded to almost 1000 hectares. The following hamlets and farm groups were incorporated into Kempten: Lotterberg , Reichelsberg without Hintere Rottach, Haubensteig , Stiftallmey , Stadtweiher , Eggen , Haslach , Moos , Seibäum, Letten, Ellharten , Rothkreuz , Steufzgen , Stadtallmey , Bucharts , Steinberg , Kaurus , Adelharz , Eich , Moosers , Breiten , Lugemanns , Rottach and parts of Oberwang , Unterwang and Halden . The Franzosenbauer estate was also affected by this incorporation .
Due to a new municipal code of April 1, 1935, St. Lorenz again lost land. This time it was around 790 hectares, consisting of the following places: Rauhen, Thingers, Ober- and Unterheggers, Staudach, Lauben ob der Bruck, Lauben unter der Bruck, Kindo, Mariaberg, Hinteregg, Stoffels, Bachtelsteig , Höflings, Eppenried, Kniebos, Härtnagel at Mariaberg, Jägers, Johannisried , Ober- and Unterried , Zur Rottach, Wittleiters and the rest of the Reichelsberg corridor (Hintere Rottach).
Kempten achieved - supported by the increase in area - the district immediacy and was therefore not subject to any district authority. For the now very weakened community of St. Lorenz, times of empty coffers followed, because many taxable commercial and industrial companies belonged to the city of Kempten from now on. Nevertheless, Kempten pursued further incorporations.
In 1945 the administrative seat of the municipality of St. Lorenz was moved from Hirschdorf to Heiligkreuz. Three years later, Heiligkreuz became an independent parish . Despite the financial cuts by Kempten, the community recovered quickly. Schools and a commercial center were built in Oberwang. Around 30 kilometers of roads were also expanded; until 1952, however, none of them were paved. Street lights and sidewalks were installed in the main towns. The community of St. Lorenz developed an independent life through culture, sport and its own fire department.
The bridge over the Iller from Hirschdorf to Lauben, built in 1925 and replacing the ferry service, was partially blown up by the German Wehrmacht in 1945 to make the advance of the Allied troops more difficult. In June 1957, the Iller accident occurred near Hirschdorf , an accident in which several conscripts were killed. In 1966/67 the two municipalities built a new bridge over the river. In 1960 a people's and community library was opened in Heiligkreuz.
The community last comprised 57 districts, mostly hamlets and wastelands . The districts that were incorporated into Kempten before the municipality was completely dissolved (1869 to 1935) belong to the district of Kempten, while the area of the municipality of Sankt Lorenz within the boundaries of 1972 (i.e. at the time of the dissolution ) corresponds to today's district of Sankt Lorenz, one of the three districts of the City of Kempten.
politics
Community leader and mayor
The last mayor in St. Lorenz was Josef Kammerlander from the FDP . He ruled from 1952 until the community was dissolved in 1972. Until 1869 there were only community leaders; the office of mayor was introduced by the new community code of 1869.
- 1818–1848: Anton Mayr
- 1848–1870: Johannes Herberg
- 1870–1888: Heinrich Schmid (last community leader and first mayor)
- 1888–1913: Georg Brack
- 1913–1933: Josef Weinhart
- 1933–1945: Hans Wegscheider
- 1945–1951: Josef Herb
- 1951–1952: Josef Rist
coat of arms
Blazon : a red anchor cross in white, overlying a blue rust.
The parish of St. Lorenz received its own, asymmetrical coat of arms from the Bavarian Prime Minister in 1961: with the grating, it takes up the attribute of St. Lorenz . Underneath is a red fork cross. The colors red and blue are the former colors of the Princely Monastery of Kempten, to whose territory St. Lorenz and the former Kempten district belonged.
Honorary citizen
The community honored citizens who have made services to the community and the common good. After the incorporation, these were taken over by the city of Kempten.
Individual evidence
- ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 601 .
- ↑ Land use plan of the city of Kempten (Allgäu), justification, 2009 (PDF; 26.7 MB)
- ↑ Information from the residents' register of the city of Kempten (Allgäu) from March 7, 2013, excluding second homes
- ↑ Kempten Allgäu: Citizens' Survey 2010 (PDF; 469 kB)
- ↑ Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB 94240937X , p. 385 f . ( Digitized version ).
- ^ Peter Blickle: Historical Atlas of Bavaria: Kempten. Munich 1968 , p. 362
- ^ Franz Ludwig Baumann, Josef Rottenkolber: Geschichte des Allgäus, Volume 4, 1973, p. 148
- ↑ a b c d e f Franz-Rasso Böck , Ralf Lienert , Joachim Weigel (eds.): Century views of Kempten 1900–2000 . Verlag Tobias Dannheimer - Allgäuer Zeitungsverlag, Kempten (Allgäu) 1999, ISBN 3-88881-035-3 , p. 29-32 .
- ↑ Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB 453660959 , Section II, Sp. 961 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Friedrich Zollhoefer (ed.): In Eduard Zimmermann, Friedrich Zollhoefer: Kempter coat of arms and signs including the city and district of Kempten and the adjacent areas of the upper Allgäu. In: Heimatverein Kempten (Ed.): Allgäuer Geschichtsfreund. 2. Delivery, No. 62, Kempten 1962, p. 304.
literature
- Georg J. Abröll, Martin Fuchsenthaler: Heimatbuch Sankt Lorenz. Kempten 1988.
- Michael Wenz: The history of the community of St. Lorenz with its seat in Heiligkreuz. In: Expensive home. Weekly supplement to the local newspaper Dietmannsried.
- No. 5, February 1, 1958, 2nd page (without numbering).
- No. 6, February 8, 1958, 2nd page (without numbering).