Savièse

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Savièse
Savièse coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of ValaisCanton of Valais Valais (VS)
District : Manners
BFS no. : 6265i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 1965
Coordinates : 591 877  /  122069 coordinates: 46 ° 15 '0 "  N , 7 ° 20' 0"  O ; CH1903:  591 877  /  122069
Height : 820  m above sea level M.
Height range : 510-3198 m above sea level M.
Area : 70.98  km²
Residents: 7716 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 109 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship ) 		13.2% (December 31, 2,013)
Website: www.saviese.ch
Savièse and the Rhone plain

Savièse and the Rhone plain
Location of the municipality
Arnensee Lac de Sénin Lauenensee Lac des Audannes Lac de Tseuzier Bassin de Godey Lac de Derborence Lac du Mont d'Orge Kanton Bern Kanton Waadt Bezirk Conthey Bezirk Hérens Bezirk Hérens Bezirk Martigny Bezirk Siders Arbaz Grimisuat Savièse Sitten VeysonnazMap of Savièse
About this picture
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Savièse ( German  Safiesch ) is a municipality and a civic community in the customs district in the French-speaking of the Sub canton of Valais in Switzerland . In the area of ​​the political municipality of Savièse there are several villages that are located on the mountainside and on a plateau above the vineyards north of Sion .

geography

The center of the village of Saint-Germain (Savièse) is 820  m above sea level. M. two kilometers north of the canton capital Sion on the right, northern side of the Valais Rhone valley . Most of the large settlement area lies under the southern mountain flank of the Prabé ( 2042  m above sea level ). The community stretches for almost 16 kilometers from the southernmost point at 515  m above sea level. M. near Vuisse to the Spitzhorn ( 2805  m above sea level ) in the north. The highest point of the municipality is at an altitude of 3190  m above sea level. M. on the south ridge of the Wildhorn in the northeast. In the west, almost the entire Zanfleuron glacier lies in the Diablerets massif in the municipality of Savièse.

Of the entire municipal area of ​​71.0 km², 40.53 km² are unproductive areas (mostly mountains), 15.05 km² are used for agricultural purposes, 11.24 km² are forest and wood and 3.36 km² are settlement areas. 0.83 km² is accounted for by water. This makes it by far the largest municipality in the Sion district in terms of area.

In the north, the municipality extends beyond the continental divide between the catchment areas of the Rhone and Rhine . While most of the Savièse landscape is drained into the Rhone via the Morge and its tributary Nétage , the Saane, which rises on the northern side of the Sanetsch Pass, flows into the Rhine via the Aare . In the area at Sex Rouge ( 2315  m above sea level ) southwest of the Sanetsch Pass lies the source area of ​​a mountain stream, which seeps into the karst underground after a few hundred meters and through the mountain probably feeds the main source of the Lizerne , which is a tributary of the Rhone at Ardon flows out.

The municipality boundary of Savièse follows the Morge and Contheysanne in the west and rises in the high mountains to the Tour Saint-Martin and into the Diablerets area, runs in the north over the heights of the Bernese Alps and on the east side over the mountain ridge from the Wildhorn to almost the Prabé and further into the ditches of the Drahin and the Sionne back down into the Rhone Valley and crosses the vineyards near Sion in the south. The municipality and canton border to the canton of Vaud and the canton of Bern follows the mountain range (from west to east) with the Diablerets north ridge, Oldenhorn ( 3123  m above sea level ; Franco-Provençal Becca d'Audon ), where the three canton borders meet, Sanetschhorn ( 2924  m above sea level ; French Mont Brun ), Gstellihorn ( 2820  m above sea level ; Dent Blanche ), Schluchhorn ( 2579  m above sea level ) and Spitzhorn ( 2807  m above sea level ), Schafhorn, Arpelihore , Arpelistock ( 3035  m above sea level. M. ), Gältehore and Wildhorn-west ridge.

The mountains Le Sublage ( 2735  m above sea level ) and Le Sérac ( 2817  m above sea level ) rise south of the Arpelistock .

The Sanetschsee

In the north-western part of the municipality is the Tsanfleuron glacier , from which the Morge rises. The melting glacier has released the smoothly polished rock field of several square kilometers, Lapis de Tsanfleuron , which extends to the Sanetsch Pass. North of the Sanetsch Pass on the Sanetschalp is the Sanetschsee , with which the Sanetsch AG power plant dammed the young Saane.

There are several mountain lakes in the mountain area, including the Dürrsee, and several ponds in the Rhone Valley, including the Lac de Mouchy , the Etang de Motone , the Etang de Binii , the Etang de Rocher and the Etang d'Arvisi . The large side stream of the Morge is the Nétage, which flows from the mountain basin south of the Wildhorn to La Lé and flows into the valley river in the gorge below Goura . Other small bodies of water are the Tsanfleuronne, the Contheysanne , which forms a section of the municipal boundary to Conthey, and the Chatonire, which flows into the Morge at Vuisse.

The main settlement of St-Germain with the hamlets of Prinzières and La Crettaz in the center, the settlement of Drône with Monteiller and La Sionne in the east, Granois and Chandolin in the west and Roumaz as well as Ormône with the hamlets of La Muraz and Diolly in the south and Vuisse belong to Savièse in the southwest. There are also a number of individual farm buildings and large new housing developments around the old villages, some of which are located in the middle of the vineyards.

In the mountainous northern part of the municipality are the scattered alpine settlements of Dilogne, Vouagno, Sur-le-Sex, Roua, La Lé, Infloria, Glarey, Tsarein, Dorbagnon, Genièvre, Zanfleuron and Sanetsch . They can only be reached from the villages near the valley due to the rugged rock face west of the Prabé via roads in the neighboring municipality of Conthey.

Neighboring municipalities of Savièse are Sitten , Conthey , Grimisuat , Arbaz and Ayent in the canton of Valais, Gsteig and Lauenen in the canton of Bern and Ormont-Dessus in the canton of Vaud.

history

The ruins of the Château de la Soie near Granois

Savièse was first mentioned in a document in 1200 under the name Saviesi. The name Savisia is documented for the year 1224.

In 1219 Landri de Mont built the castle Château de la Soie (Eng. Seta) in Savièse . The building rapidly deteriorated relations with the House of Savoy , since it represented a risk to the Savoy's plans to bring the Sion region under their rule.

Savièse suffered considerably from the Savoy invasions in the 13th and 14th centuries, despite a treaty in 1260 between Peter of Savoy and Heinrich von Raron , the Bishop of Sitten , to whom Peter granted all areas west of the Morge. In addition, there were disputes with Conthey, then part of Savoy, over areas in the valley of the Morge, so that there were bloody conflicts. Conthey had support from the Savoy, the Safiescher was helped by the Upper Valais .

In the 14th century, Seta Castle was the scene of a long battle between Guichard Tavelli and the von Turn family . On August 8, 1375, the dispute degenerated and ended with the fall of the window, the murder of Bishop Witschard Tavel, commissioned by knight Anton von Turn.

In 1415 Witschard von Raron, descendant of Heinrich von Raron and head of the von Raron family, fled to Seta Castle with his family during the Raron trade , which was then besieged by the peasants. The country people forced the contract of Seta on the bishop, who was Witschard's nephew. In it, the bishop undertook to recognize the district administrator's right to have a say, among other things in the election of the governor and all important appointments and decisions that affected the Valais. In 1417 Seta Castle was finally looted and burned down and in 1447 Savièse was granted land rights .

As the conflict with Savoy rose more and more, the village was finally burned down by the Savoy on November 2, 1475 during the Burgundian Wars . In the process, the villages of Malerna and Zuuat disappeared from the map. On November 13, the Savoy were from the Welshmen under Bishop Walter Supersaxo in the Battle on the Planta defeated, and then the troops of the Valais could zehnden throughout the Lower Valais until after Saint-Maurice conquer. The conflict with Conthey was finally resolved and this community ceded several Mayensasses to Savièse.

After the French Revolution , the Swiss Confederation and the Valais were conquered and occupied by the French army . In the Pfynschlacht from 27.-28. May 1799, the Upper Valais were subject to the French army, and Savièse was also occupied by the French. The French Alpine Army under General Louis-Marie Turreau de Garambouville secured the route through the Valais over the Simplon Pass to Italy, and both the community and Savièse had to make contributions to the occupation troops. From 1802 the community belonged to the formally independent Republic of Valais , from 1810 to 1814 then to the Département du Simplon in the First French Empire .

Since the Congress of Vienna in 1815, the municipality of Savièse and the whole of Valais have belonged to the Swiss Confederation. Here it was in the Zehnden Hérens from 1815 to 1839 , and since 1839 it has been assigned to the Sion district.

population

Population development
year 1850 1860 1870 1880 1888 1900 1910 1920 1930 1941 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008 2012 2013 2016
Residents 1703 1825 2013 2075 2089 2259 2492 2563 2672 2887 3131 3203 3585 4097 4763 5341 6365 6939 7149 7532

languages

93.9% of the residents are French-speaking, 3.5% German-speaking and 1.0% Portuguese-speaking (as of 2000).

Numerous written documents, patois dictionaries and especially the traditional names of places and fields bear witness to the old Franco-Provencal dialect, which is hardly spoken today . The Bretz-Héritier Foundation in Savièse documents and communicates the local dialect and has published a grammar of this.

Religion and denominations

In 2000 there were 86.40% Roman Catholic, 4.7% Evangelical Reformed, 2.04% Orthodox and 0.32% Christian Catholic. In addition, there are 2.88% non-denominational and 0.54% Muslim. 3.97% of the population gave no information about their creed.

Origin and nationality

Of the 7,149 residents registered in the municipality at the end of 2013, 6,208 were Swiss citizens.

Attractions

The Saint-Germain church in Savièse

The parish church of Saint-Germain of Savièse was built in the 12th century and destroyed by the Savoy in 1475. In 1523 the construction of a new church in the Gothic style was probably completed by the architect Ulrich Ruffiner . The building was later changed several times, most recently in the 20th century, with Ernest Biéler giving it a rich artistic design from 1932 to 1934 .

There are also several chapels in Savièse. The Sainte-Marguerite Chapel near Binii was built between 1430 and 1447 during the construction of the Bisse Torrent-Neuf. The Notre-Dame des Corbelins chapel in Chandolin was built in 1666, the chapel in Drône in 1694 and that in Monteiller in 1662.

Other sights include the ruins of Château Seta castle from 1219, the town hall built in 1568 and the hiking trail reopened in 2008 along the Bisse du Torrent-Neuf , a former bisse northwest of Savièse in the Morge valley.

Culture

Many painters have lived and / or found their inspiration in Savièse, including Raphael Ritz , Ernest Biéler , Édouard Vallet and Albert Chavaz . This is how an artists' colony came into being , known as the School of Savièse ( French: l'École de Savièse).

economy

The Hôtel du Col du Sanetsch

In the past, livestock was the most important branch of business, today it is viticulture. At the end of the 19th century , viticulture was limited to a small area near Diolly . Today Savièse has about 300 hectares of vineyards, which makes up about 4.2% of the communal area. When in 1941 75% of the workforce were employed in the tertiary sector , in 2005 it was only 34%.

Since the Middle Ages, the municipality of Savièse has built several water pipes to irrigate the southern slopes, which are very dry in summer. The larger ones are the Torrent-Neuf , which originated around 1440 and leads from the valley of the Morge to the villages, the Bisse de Dejour, the Bisse de Tsampré and the Bisse de Lentine .

Tourism also plays a role in the local economy. The most famous hotel is the Hôtel du Col du Sanetsch , which is listed as a cultural asset . In addition to hiking, mountain biking and climbing, you can also go caving in Savièse . Several hiking trails lead over the mountain heights and to some peaks, especially the mule track over the Sanetsch Pass, but also, for example, the alpine path over the Col des Audannes mountain pass ( 2891  m above sea level ), which also takes you to the Rawil Pass . The well-known high-altitude tours in this section of the mountain are the Wildhorn Tour and the Bernese Alps Haute Route . There are several SAC shelters along the mountain paths : the Cabane de Prarochet, built by the Savièse Ski Club in 1993, and nearby the Cabane des Audannes (in the Ayent area), the Geltenhütte (Lauenen) and the Cabane des Diablerets (Les Diablerets, Ormont-Dessus). The Auberge du Sanetsch stands on the pass path north of the reservoir .

The largest cave, the Grotto des Pinogouins , has a height difference of 270 meters and a length of 2.5 kilometers.

The ski area of ​​Destination Glacier 3000 lies on the surface of the Zanfleuron Glacier and can be reached from Col du Pillon in the canton of Vaud with the cable car built in 1964.

Transmitting antenna

Savièse was since 1948 the site of a medium wave - Füllsenders the country transmitter for the canton of Valais, which on the Community shaft was operated 1485 kHz with 1 kW output power. As the main antenna, this transmitter used a wire antenna stretched to a grounded tower, and as a reserve antenna a self-radiating transmission mast of an unusual design. The transmitter was switched off in December 2005 and dismantled a year later.

Personalities

  • Jean-Luc Addor (* 1964), politician (SVP), lives in Savièse
  • Oskar Freysinger (* 1960), politician (SVP), lives in Savièse
  • Hermann Geiger (1914–1966), rescue pilot and pioneer of glacier flights (glacier pilot) in the Alps, born in Savièse
  • Basile Luyet (1897–1974), religious priest, folklorist and naturalist
  • Mathias Reynard (* 1987), politician (SP), lives in Savièse

literature

Web links

Commons : Savièse  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by institutional structure, gender, nationality and age of the Swiss federal administration
  3. ↑ On the Alps of Svaièse: Quels sont les alpages saviésans (nom courant et nom patois)? , fondationbretzheritier.ch, accessed on August 3, 2020.
  4. ↑ Seta Castle saviese-tourisme.ch
  5. ↑ Werner Meyer: Seta. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . December 18, 2012 , accessed June 12, 2019 .
  6. ↑ a b David Rey: Savièse. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . February 23, 2011 , accessed June 12, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Basile Luyet : Dictons de Savièse. In: Petites annales balaisanes, 1927.
  8. ^ Basile Luyet: Legends de Savièse. 1924.
  9. ^ Christophe Favre, Zacharie Balet: Lexique du patois de Savièse. 1960.
  10. ↑ Klaus Aerni, Gaëtan Cassina, Philipp Kalbermatter, Elena Ronco, Gregor Zenhäusern: Ulrich Ruffiner von Prismell and Raron. The most important master builder in Valais in the 16th century. Cahiers de Vallesia, Vallesia Verlag, Sitten 2005, ISBN 2-9700382-4-2 , pp. 98-99. On-line
  11. ^ Valérie Roten: Biéler et l'église Saint-Germain à Savièse. Une histoire de coeur. In: Annales valaisannes , 2004, pp. 163-173
  12. ↑ Savièse Tourismus saviese-tourisme.ch
  13. ↑ Valais museums ( Memento from September 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) museen-wallis.ch
  14. ^ Bernard Wyder: L'Ecole de Savièse ou le centenaire d'une appellation controversée. In: Vallesia , 46, 1991.
  15. ↑ Bisse du Torrent-Neuf / Savièse , www.les-bisses-du-valais.ch, accessed on August 3, 2020.
  16. ↑ Cabane de Prarochet , www.sac-cas.ch, accessed on August 3, 2020.
  17. ^ Réseau des Pingouins et Lapi di Bou ( Memento from May 5, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Academy of Natural Sciences Switzerland