Vanylven

	Vanylven
	Vanylven
Basic data
Commune number :	1511
Province (county) :	Møre and Romsdal
Administrative headquarters:	Fiskå
Coordinates :	62 ° 5 ' N , 5 ° 40' E Coordinates: 62 ° 5 ' N , 5 ° 40' E
Surface:	385.22 km²
Residents:	3,117 (Feb 27, 2020)
Population density :	8 inhabitants per km²
Language form :	Nynorsk
Website:	Vanylven.kommune.no
politics
Mayor :	Lena M. Landsverk Sande ( V ) (2015)
Location in the province of Møre og Romsdal

Vanylven (Sørbrandal), view towards Åram

Vanylven (Fiskå), steel sunflower

Vanylven (Åram); the ferry has set course for Kvamsøya

The Syvdefjord, view from Eidså

The house at the back is that of the Hauge family, whose sons Ole and Knut perished at the end of 1905 while trying to cross the high-water Brandalselv on their way to school. The house was later expanded, while the barn in front is still in its original state

Vanylven is a municipality in the southern part of Fylkes Møre og Romsdal , Norway .

Location and population

The municipality is located on the southwestern edge of Sunnmøre . Vanylven covers after a municipal reform in 2001, which after a protracted and bitter dispute led to the fact that the then southern and on the mainland part of the municipality Sande was incorporated into Vanylven, 383 km² and had 3,693 inhabitants on January 1, 2005. The population has been falling for more than ten years. With 9.6 inhabitants per km² the population density is significantly lower than in Møre og Romsdal (16.2) or the whole of Norway (14.1). Only 22% of the inhabitants live in densely populated areas (Møre og Romsdal 67%, Norway as a whole 77%) - all data for 2003. Apart from Åheim , Fiskå ( Fiskåbygd ), the administrative center of the municipality, and Syvde there are no settlements, which have the character of a built-up area; the population lives mostly scattered along the coastline.

Geography and climate

Vanylven is a typical coastal community and is characterized overall by its proximity to the open sea, which is particularly evident in Hakallestranda . It is bounded on two sides by fjords, the most important of which are Vanylvsfjord , Syltefjord , Rovdefjord and Syvdsfjorden . The Vanylvsfjord is also the border to the Fylke Sogn og Fjordane ; the opposite bank is the northeast bank of the Stadlandet peninsula, notorious among seafarers for centuries (also Stad , Stattland and other spellings); the landscape appears to be extremely mountainous and rugged.

This location has an impact on the climatic conditions: Although maritime conditions can generally be assumed, so that mild winters and rather cooler summers can be expected, on the other hand the weather conditions within the municipality can vary dramatically even over short distances. Significant temperature differences between the immediate coastal region and the areas further inland are also quite common. You can experience how there is almost no wind in Syvde , while from Fiskå it gets increasingly windy until it blows with full storm force in Hakallestranda . In January 2005 the thermometer in Hakallestranda showed −3.5 degrees in the morning, while in Syvde it measured −10 degrees at the same time. Hakallestranda is the most exposed hamlet in the municipality because there is no protection from Stadlandet to the west . Here the Vanylvsfjord flows into the open sea, so that storms from this direction are feared. The statistically most prevalent wind directions, however, are southwest and northeast, with Stadlandet in the southwest and the surrounding mountains in the northeast providing a certain protection.

history

The history of Vanylven is largely characterized by the fact that the major world-historical events in this remote community have largely passed without a trace. Even the First World War remained, apart from the fact that some residents on Norwegian merchant ships fell victim to the naval war and supply bottlenecks also came here, almost unnoticed. However, it was to be different in World War II ... Basically, one can speak of “stories” rather than “history” - stories about events and people whose significance has seldom got beyond the local one, but which still applies to the population are alive, even if they sometimes date back hundreds of years or did not take place in Vanylven itself, but in one of the neighboring communities. However, this clearly shows the connection between the coastal inhabitants and the, at least local, significance of such events.

Researchers assume that Vanylven - at least Hakallestranda - was already settled during the Stone Age; at least some traces point to it. But it was not until the 17th century that there was something worth reporting, even if it was mostly accidents or other tragic events:

1680 : The Central European witch hunt reached Norway and even advanced as far as Vanylven. Here he meets Ingebrigt Størkerson - a man who is not unjustifiably nicknamed Tater- (Gypsy) Ingebrigt , he roams the area and makes a living by begging. He and Marit Johannesdotter Løset from Syvde are said to have done various witchcraft and magic; there is no shortage of willing witnesses and, strangely enough, the accused even confess. So the verdict is soon clear : " ... och straffis effter dieris egen Bekiendelse paa dieris lif som Andre trollfolch till Ild och brand ... " (for example: " ... and according to your own confession you should punish your life with fire become like other magical people ... "), as it says in the court record . Both are burned together at the end of 1680, with the place of execution presumably being Rovdeskjeret , a small spar in front of Rovde .

1702 : Anne Olsdotter Humborstad (also: Olsdatter Homborstad ) from Tunem is executed on Galgeholmen ( Galiholmen ) for killing children with the sword .

around 1760 : Hans Strøm publishes his famous description of Sunnmøre - Psykisk og oeconomisk deskrivelse over fogderiet Søndmør beliggende i Bergen stift i Norge . Among other things, he deals with the origin of the name Hakallestranda and writes that Hakatle-Stranden stretches “ omtrent 1 miil længde fra Hundsnæss ved Vanelvsfjordens Aabning and hen til Gaarden Aaram - about a mile from Hundsnes at the mouth of Vanylvsfjorden to Hof Åram ". Strøm is wrong here and confuses Hundsnes with Flugevågnes , because only the latter is located at the mouth of the fjord and is about a mile (a Norwegian mile = 10 km) from Åram . As for the name itself, Strøm suspects : “ Since the Navn Hakatle er et gammelt og endnu ikke ganske ubrukeligt Quinde-Navn hos os, saa can one ikke vel tvivle paa, at jo denne Strand bærer Navn af en Quinde, so her i ældre Tider maae have boet under Navn af Hakatle. - Since the name Hakatle is an old and not yet uncommon name for women in our country, there can be no doubt that this beach bears the name of a woman who lived here under the name Hakatle in olden times ”. Nevertheless, the origin of the place name is controversial - there is also the view that it comes from the mountain Håkallen , which rises 606 m above Hakallestranda .

1905 : Shortly after Christmas, Ola (10) and Knut (between 9 and 11 years old, depending on the source) kill Hauge von Krabbesti while trying to cross the flood- leading Brandalselv on their way to school. Ola is found at Flåvær nine weeks later ; Knut has disappeared without a trace. The mother of the two, Oluffa Hauge , has a talent for poetry and dedicates two impressive poems to this tragic event.

1920, March 25th : In a sudden storm, eight fishermen from Ervik on Stadlandet near the shore lose their lives. This event is still known as Ervik-ulykka .

1924, August 16 : Friedrich Wilhelm Prasse (born February 21, 1852 in Westphalia) dies on Hjelmeset (h) . There are many rumors and legends about Prasse. In any case, the fact is that he was German and earned his living in the area by driving around in a cart pulled by a dog (which earned him the nickname hundemannen - the dog man ) and selling what in the past was known as " sutler's goods. " “Used to denote - sewing kits, mirrors, combs, but also paper and pencils. Tradition has it that he was originally a Prussian officer who turned his back on military power in order to lead a quiet, peaceful life in the seclusion of Norway. On his sales trips he comes across Vanylven again and again. He finds his final resting place in the Flusund cemetery in Herøy municipality .

1937, January 22nd : When trying to burn Heide down, the fire gets out of control. The entire area between Åram , Lidane and Hakallestranda as well as Sandvikdalen itself quickly catches fire. The fire can be extinguished the next day; There are no human lives to be complained about, but even today charred tree stumps can still be seen here and there.

Second World War

In the spring of 1941 the Second World War reached Vanylven: German troops occupied Åram . The school building is requisitioned, and German soldiers are quartered in many private houses . At the same time, extensive fortification work is carried out - heavy sea target batteries and machine gun positions , bunkers and trenches are set up. This effectiveness is no coincidence, as Vanylven is a strategically important point on the Norwegian coast: Åramsundet and Haugsfjorden are ideal as anchorages for lone drivers or convoys before they try to sail the open sea around Stadlandet under cover of night . The fortifications, structures and armaments are accordingly:

Åram - coastal battery

Buildings and fortifications

12 barracks
18 bunkers
6 other buildings
2 tunnels
7 gun emplacements
18 shooting positions
3 headlight positions
2 road blocks
2 minefields
19 various systems

Armament and equipment (as of March 1945)

4 10.5 cm Schneider field guns
2 4.7 cm anti-tank guns (of Yugoslav origin)
1 3.7 cm anti-tank gun (French origin)
2 2 cm anti-aircraft gun
1 8.1 cm grenade launcher (Norwegian origin)
4 5 cm grenade launchers (French origin)
5 machine guns (4 of which are of Norwegian origin)
20 flamethrowers
1 150 cm headlight
1 60 cm headlight

Åram - anti-aircraft battery

Buildings and fortifications

2 barracks
3 bunkers
1 other building
6 gun emplacements
7 shooting positions
1 headlight position
2 road blocks
3 different systems

Armament and equipment (continuous)

3 4 cm Flak-28; Bofors
3 2 cm Flak 38; Madsen
1 3.7 cm anti-tank gun in an old French tank
Unknown number of machine guns
1 60 cm headlight

Kobbevik - coastal battery

Buildings and fortifications

9 barracks
13 bunkers
9 other buildings
10 gun emplacements
2 shooting positions
2 headlight positions
2 road blocks
2 minefields
11 various systems

Armament and equipment (as of March 1945)

4 10.5 cm Schneider field guns
1 7.5 cm field gun (French origin)
2 2.5 cm anti-aircraft guns (British origin)
2 2 cm anti-aircraft cannons
1 5 cm anti-tank gun
8 machine guns (5 of which are of Norwegian origin)
1 60 cm headlight

All in all, however, the fighting is limited; Land battles do not take place at any time.

As far as possible, the life of the civilian population goes on as usual. In the course of time there have been more and more restrictions - hunting rifles and radio receivers are confiscated, but both sides know that these things have been carefully hidden in many houses. You don't talk about it and leave it at that. The occupation troops are also well aware of the fact that the population sends food to Russian and Polish prisoners of war, without any major action being taken against it. Overall, the Wehrmacht in Vanylven seems to be behaving fairly moderately. Mutual taunts are the order of the day, but with one tragic exception there are no serious attacks, although the population makes no secret of their attitude towards the Germans. An example may prove this.

One day, according to a contemporary witness, a large cannon is to be transported from Sør-Brandal to Åram . On the bridge over Brandalselva , one of the wheels breaks through the bridge deck - Norwegian road workers are called in to repair the damage. A German officer who is supposed to oversee the work begins to provoke the Norwegians. Among other things, he says, who speaks Norwegian very well, that the Norwegians are "lousy shooters". The foreman doesn't let this sit on him. He says, “Give me a rifle and a single shot. Then go a hundred yards away - no, two hundred. I only need this one shot ... “A short time later the officer leaves the scene.

1943, May 4th : Karen Nystøyl is shot dead by an apparently mentally confused soldier on Bergsnev as she tries to pass the guard building there.

1943, May 20 : The Kobbevik coastal battery fires at a passing aircraft. No hit observed.

1943, September 30th : The Hurtigruten ship Sanct Svithun is attacked by Allied aircraft off Stadlandet . The ship catches fire and runs aground at Kobbeholmen near Buholmen , where it later sinks. In a dramatic rescue operation, the residents of Ervik manage to rescue the survivors despite poor weather conditions. The exact number of victims is not known; A contemporary witness reports 75 people who were rescued, 19 of whom had to stay on Kobbholmen all night. Of the alleged 12 Germans on board, six lose their lives.

1944, June 1st : Around 9:45 p.m., a German convoy coming from Kristiansand passed Haugsholmen fyr and continued towards Åramsundet , where he was attacked by a strong British air combat unit (30 barracudas , 12 Seafires and 22 Corsair , who were from the aircraft carriers HMS Furious , HMS Victorious and HMS Fencer are attacked. The Kobbevik coastal battery also intervened in this battle . The convoy consists of the two freighters Florida and Hans Leonhardt as well as the escort ships UJ 1706 , M 5207 , M 5210 and the barrier breaker 181 . The Hans Leonhardt is on the voyage from Ålborg to Kirkenes and transports around 2,000 tons of ammunition and explosives as well as a large amount of hay, which catches fire after several hits; the crew went into the boats at 10:10 p.m. while the ship was burning northwards. At 10:30 p.m. it explodes in a huge column of smoke and sinks to position 62 ° 12 ′ 12 ″ N , 5 ° 25 ′ 42 ″ E , Florida and barrier breaker 181 run aground with serious damage. The force of the detonation is so powerful that the main anchor winch of the Hans Leonhardt is thrown onto the island of Kvamsøy - after all, 500 m away.62.203333333333 5.4283333333333

1944, September 12 : The Åram coastal battery fires at an Allied air force that attacks a German convoy in Åramsundet , killing the German outpost boat V-5307 ( Felix Scheder ), with eight 10.5 cm and 384 2 cm shells as well Machine guns being sunk. The battery is awarded the kill of a Seafire- type machine . On the same day, the Kobbevik coastal battery fired two 10.5 cm and 100 2 cm shells at an Allied air force that mined the fairway.

1944 October 14th : The Åram coastal battery fires 5 10.5 cm and 264 2 cm shells at an Allied air force operating in Åramsundet .

1944, December 5 : The Åram coastal battery fires at three passing planes with 10.5 cm and 2 cm guns, the Åram air defense battery opens fire with 27 4 cm shells.

1944, December 13th : The Åram coastal battery fires 2 cm guns at a passing air force, the Åram anti-aircraft battery fires 112 4 cm and 80 2 cm shells, the Kobbevik coastal battery 222 2 cm shells. Smoke development is observed on one of the aircraft.

1945, February 11th : The Åram anti -aircraft battery fires 2 4-cm shells at a passing aircraft.

1945, February 27th : The Åram anti -aircraft battery fires a 4 cm gun at a passing aircraft.

1945, May 8th : The German Wehrmacht surrendered in Vanylven and began the orderly march into captivity.

After that

1956, March 1st : The fishing vessel Brenning (N-4-SF), based in Sørfold in Nordland, capsizes on its way home from Måløy , near Vossa , a treacherous 7.7 m underwater rock off Buholmen . Rescue attempts remain unsuccessful. One man, the steward Nils Evjen , was able to free himself from the drifting wreckage on his own, the remaining 19 crew members perished .

1970 : A chapel is inaugurated in Ervik to commemorate the sinking of the Sanct Svithun . The ship's bell of the ship of the accident serves as the church bell; it bears the inscription “ Må hell og lykke følge deg, St. Svithun - Til Ervik folket, i Erkjentlighet for redning av menneskeliv i anledning St. Svithuns forlis 30 September 1943 ” (“ May happiness be with you, St. Svithun - To the residents of Ervik in recognition of saving lives on the occasion of the sinking of St. Svithun on September 30, 1943 ")

1972 : 84.7% of Vanylven's residents with voting rights are against Norway's membership in the EU (Møre og Romsdal: 70.8%, Norway as a whole: 53.5%).

1994 : 74.4% of Vanylven's residents with voting rights are against Norway's membership in the EU (Møre og Romsdal: 61.6%, Norway as a whole: 52.2%).

21st century

2002, January 1st : A long-standing and bitter dispute comes to an end, at least administratively - the southern part of the municipality of Sande on the mainland is assigned to Vanylven. The reason for this municipal reform is easy to understand: the inhabitants of Hakallestranda , Åram and Sørbrandal have always oriented themselves more regionally towards Fiskå and thus towards Vanylven . Hardly anyone comes up with the idea of going shopping to Larsnes , the administrative center of the municipality of Sande ; after all, this is linked to the use of the ferry. However, those who have to deal with the authorities will not be spared the rather cumbersome way to Larsnes . Common sense therefore suggests that this fact should be taken into account by shifting the municipal boundaries. Politically, on the other hand, the project is causing a considerable stir, as the municipality of Sande is vehemently opposed to the associated loss of residents and land and shows an astonishing perseverance. Even a survey of residents carried out around the turn of the year 1995/96, which ended with a clear majority in favor of a community reform, has no effect. Ultimately, the matter ends up in Stortinget , the Norwegian parliament in Oslo , where a word of power is ultimately spoken.

2003, November : An original edition of Hans Strøm's description of Sunnmøre is discovered in the library in Rovde . The work has stood on the shelf unnoticed for years; its estimated value is 30,000 kr (approx. 3,800 EUR).

2004, July 5th : Five German hobby anglers are observed by the coastguard as they fish within the 100 m prohibited zone around the salmon farm in front of the north beach . Your fishing equipment will be confiscated and fines will be imposed.

2004, August 27th : A steel sunflower almost 14 meters high and weighing a little less than a ton was unveiled in the Fiskå community center . The background to the spectacle: Vanylven won first prize in a national competition. At the beginning of the year, the Norwegian Minister for Economic Affairs and Trade sent sunflower seeds to all municipalities in the country. The municipality with the tallest plant should receive a subsidy towards its economic budget. Vanylven wins with a sunflower that is 5.48 meters high and whose flower alone weighs more than five kilograms, and in this way becomes richer by at least one million crowns (approx. 125,000 EUR). It should not go unmentioned, however, that the plant was cherished and cared for in Helgøy gartneri and that the operator is none other than the mayor himself - Jan Helgøy ...

2004, September 26th : After prolonged rainfall, the otherwise rather modest Ripsdalselv ( Sætreelv ) bursts its banks and causes considerable damage to property in Syvde . Several houses have to be evacuated because there is a risk that they will be swept away by the masses of water.

2004, in September : traces of oil are discovered in Åramsundet . They come from Felix Scheder , who was sunk by Allied aircraft * almost exactly 60 years ago , but, according to experts, do not pose a threat to sea birds or marine life. It is a very light oil that is very similar to diesel fuel and itself Dissolve quickly after reaching the surface of the water. According to the experts, it may be the same type of oil as was found in the battleship Blücher, which was sunk near Drøbak .

2004, November 14th : The German container ship “ Amisia J ” suffers an engine breakdown on the way from Ålesund to Haugesund on Vanylsgapet and runs aground in Åramsundet . It can be towed free without major damage.

2004, November : The Askeladden AS bookstore in Syvde closes at the end of the year.

2004, December 26th : In the early hours of the morning, a house in Syvde catches fire for an unknown cause and burns down to the foundation walls. Five people become homeless.

2005, January 12th : Vanylven recorded the highest spring tide in 10 years at 80 cm above normal , but no major damage occurred.

economy

Until the late 1960s, the economy was dominated by fishing, namely herring fishing. The economic center of the area was Haugsholmen - an archipelago made up of several smaller and larger islands and islets. On Haugsholmen itself there was a herring oil factory as well as accommodation for fishermen, on Storholmen there was a flourishing trade. The "silver days", which are still popular today, brought general prosperity - you hear of fishing vessels whose nets were so full that they broke, or who had exceeded their load capacity and sank. However, when the herring schools ceased to exist, the decline of this branch of industry began - Haugsholmen fell into insignificance and the facilities fell into disrepair. Today Haugsholmen is inhabited by two people (the owners); there is no longer any economic activity. The largest employer since then and still AS olivine in Åheim - operator of a olivine - pit in Gusdalen . However, this formerly state-owned company has meanwhile been sold to a US company despite profitable operations, which resulted in rationalization measures and redundancies. The staff reductions at the second largest company, a branch of Ulstein Mekaniske Verksted on Fiskåholmen , are a direct result of the massive crisis that the Norwegian shipyard industry has been facing for a long time, and the closure of the dairy in Syvde a few years ago is not exactly the result Stimulation of the local job market contributed. The overall unemployment rate of 4.6% is therefore well above both Møre og Romsdal (2.9%) and Norway as a whole (3.2%) - all data for 2002.

traffic

Road network

The main arteries in Vanylven are the Reichsstraßen ( riksvegar ) 61 and 652. Rv 61 starts in Maurstad and branches off from Rv 15, the important west-east connection between Måløy and Otta, to lead via Larsnes, Ulsteinvik and Hareid to Ålesund , while Rv 652 has its starting point in Eidså. It connects via Syvde to Volda represents Otherwise, there is not very extensive road network. Fylkes - and kommunevegar , so what the Germans as a country - and local roads is called. There are also a number of private roads , some of which may be used for a fee ( bomveg ), some at your own risk and without paying a sum of money.

railroad

Vanylven is literally miles away from a railway connection. The nearest train stations are Otta (298 km - 04:40 h) and Åndalsnes (192 km - 03:55 h). The comparatively long journey time to Åndalsnes results from the two ferry routes Koparnes - Årvik and Hareid - Sulesund .

Shipping

Hurtigruten's closest point of contact is Måløy , about an hour's drive from Vanylven and can be reached via Rv 61 and Rv 15. There is also a speedboat connection to Bergen from Måløy . There are also two ferry connections operated by Fjord1 - MRF : one between Koparnes and Årvik and the other between Åram and Larsnes / Voksa / Kvamsøya .

air traffic

The nearest airfield is Ørsta / Volda (HOV) , one of the numerous smaller landing fields in Norway (Norwegian: kortbaneflyplassar - about airfields with a short runway ). These are approached by smaller fan guns. Those who prefer to fly with a larger transport plane cannot avoid going to the island of Vigra , where the Ålesund City Airport (AES) is located.

Public transportation

Apart from the ferry connections, the public transport network consists of a few bus lines, some of which are responsible for local transport, but some also serve longer distances and only touch Vanylven. In detail, these are the following routes:

Maurstad - Syvde (local),
Måløy - Ålesund,
Åheim - Hareid (local),
Åheim - Lauvstad - <Volda> (local),
Åheim - Sundal (local),
Åram - Fiskå - Syvde (local) as well
Åram - Koparnes - Syvde (local).

The impression that Vanylven is covered by public buses is misleading. Apart from the fact that most routes are rather sparsely frequented (around four departures per day are the rule), there is only very limited traffic on Saturdays and Sundays, if at all; the lines between Åram and Syvde or between Åheim and Sundal, for example, are not served at all. It is therefore not surprising that the proportion of households with a car is slightly higher at 74.6% than in Møre og Romsdal (74.0%), but significantly higher than the whole of Norway (70.3%).

The connection Nordfjordekspressen between Måløy and Oslo should not go unmentioned, although its route does not touch Vanylven anywhere . The closest stop on this important west-east route is Maurstad, around 35 km from Fiskå . From here you can take the bus to the center of the Norwegian capital, Oslo, in around 10 ½ hours.

tourism

Vanylven is hardly developed for tourism. Apart from some rooms in the Statoil gas station at Fiskå that little euphemistically one as Motel are called, there are accommodation options from a certain number of holiday cabins that are scattered throughout the community, and almost exclusively in summer and from anglers be used because the fishing opportunities are consistently very good. There is also the possibility of wreck diving in summer. In Åramsundet , the remains of the Second World War are the remains of Felix Scheder and Hans Leonhardt (mostly "Hans Leonard" in Norwegian sources), both sunk by air raids. The third wreck, the D / S Nobel , however, is based on a collision. In winter, however, the huts are not available for rent - despite the possibility of doing a little winter sports on Øvreberg skisenter .

Web links

Individual evidence

↑ Statistisk sentralbyrå - Befolkning

^ Fjord1 Nordvestlandske AS - transport logistics

↑ Nordfjordekspressen

↑ D / S Nobel ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2006 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2

[1] Statistisk sentralbyrå - Befolkning

[2] Fjord1 Nordvestlandske AS - transport logistics

[3] Nordfjordekspressen