Vrchotovy Janovice

Vrchotovy Janovice
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Středočeský kraj
District :	Benešov
Area :	2494 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 41 '  N , 14 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 41 '0 "  N , 14 ° 34' 27"  E
Height:	448  m nm
Residents :	1,027 (Jan 1, 2019)
Postal code :	257 53
traffic
Street:	Olbramovice - Sedlčany
Railway connection:	Olbramovice – Sedlčany
structure
Status:	Městys
Districts:	10
administration
Mayor :	Miroslav Synek (as of 2008)
Address:	Vrchotovy Janovice 2 257 53 Vrchotovy Janovice
Municipality number:	530948
Website :	mesta.obce.cz/vrchotovy-janovice

Vrchotovy Janovice (German Markt Janowitz ) is a Městys in the Czech Republic . It is located 15 kilometers southwest of Benešov and belongs to the Okres Benešov .

geography

Parish Church of St. Martin

Vrchotovy Janovice is located in the north of the Středočeská pahorkatina on Janovický potok, which feeds the pond Zrcadlo north. To the east rises the Větrák (506 m), in the west the Pomněnina (522 m) and in the south the Ohraženka (577 m). The Olbramovice – Sedlčany railway runs south of the village .

Neighboring towns are Braštiny and Braštice in the north, Strýčkov and Slavkov in the northeast, Podolí and Křešice in the east, Radotín in the southeast, Babice, Čihavka and Velká Lhota in the south, Voračice and Minartice in the west and Sledovice and Mrvice in the northwest.

history

The first written mention of Janovice took place in 1224 in connection with a Jan from Janovice . He came from a family that held high court offices in the 13th century. Konrad von Janovice, to whom the place belonged from 1243, was bailiff on Zvíkov . He is considered the progenitor of the Janovický von Janovice. A water festival was built around 1350. In the 14th century an inheritance was divided between the sons Herbart and Pešek. Janovice received the Mělník canon Herbart von Janovice. His brother Pešek took over the rule after 1387.

At the end of the Hussite Wars, Bohuněk Vrchota von Vrchotice acquired the Janovice estate in 1433. The Vrchota, whose name the place bears today, owned Janovice until 1528. In 1510 Jan Vrchota gave Janovice the right to embarrassing jurisdiction. The Rabenstein stood above the Kamenný rybník on the Šibeničný vrch ( Galgenberg ; 419 m) near Strýčkov. The following owners were Wilhelm Osečanský from Osečany and Předbor from Radešín. Jan the Elder from Říčany bought the village around 1540. In 1602 Jan Prostiborský from Vrtba on Červený Hrádek Janovice bought it. After the division of rule in 1609 belonged to Janovice Sezima von Vrtba, who later also acquired Votice , Beztahov, Voračice, Kosova Hora , Neznašov , Křimice and Vojkov . He was followed by his son Ferdinand Franz Leopold von Vrtba. Under Franz Ernst the Younger of Vrtba, the fortress was redesigned into a baroque palace. With him, the male line died out in 1807.

Janovice fell to Franz Joseph von Wratislaw von Mitrowitz . The family held the rule until the second half of the 19th century. After the abolition of patrimonial Janovice formed a municipality in the Selchan district from 1848 . The subsequent owners were the Wedenmaier family, who had to sell the castle to Karl Nádherný von Borutin in 1879 due to excessive indebtedness. Since 1892 the name Vrchotovy Janovice has been used to differentiate between places with the same name . During the Second World War, in April 1944, Vrchotovy Janovice was one of the places that had to be evacuated during the second stage of the construction of the SS training area in Bohemia . In the same year on July 24th, a satellite camp of the Flossenbürg concentration camp was set up in Janowitz , in which a total of up to 3,000 prisoners were held. The dead in the camp were cremated first in Prague and later in the castle park. The camp was closed at the end of April 1945, the prisoners were brought to Prague and attached to a large prisoner transport in the direction of České Budějovice. In May 1945 the place was settled again and came to Okres Votice after the war. Countess Sidonie Nádherná von Borutín , who had already been expropriated by the National Socialists in 1942, was expropriated again after the Communists came to power in 1948 and emigrated to England a year later. In 1999 her remains were transferred to Vrchotovy Janovice.

The community has belonged to Okres Benešov since 1961. In 1982 a memorial stone was consecrated for the Janowitz concentration camp. In 1987 repair work began on the ruined castle. Since 2007 Vrchotovy Janovice has the status of Městys.

Local division

The municipality Vrchotovy Janovice consists of the districts Braštice ( Braschtitz ) Hůrka ( Hurka ) Libohost ( Libohauscht ) Manělovice ( Manielowitz ) Mrvice ( Merwitz ) Rudoltice ( Rudoltitz ) Šebáňovice ( Schebaniowitz ) Sedlečko ( Sedletschko ) Velká Lhota ( Groß Lhota ) and Vrchotovy Janovice ( Janowitz Market ).

Attractions

• Vrchotovy Janovice Castle
• St. Martin Church

Sons and daughters of the church

• Sidonie Nádherná von Borutín (1885–1950), art patron

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
2. ^ Website of the Flossenbürg Concentration Camp Memorial Accessed July 6, 2016

Web links

Commons : Vrchotovy Janovice  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files