Zdislavice
| Zdislavice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Benešov | ||||
| Area : | 677 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 41 ' N , 14 ° 58' E | ||||
| Height: | 312 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 535 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 257 64 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Trhový Štěpánov - Načeradec | ||||
| Railway connection: | Benešov u Prahy – Trhový Štěpánov | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | Městys | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Pavel Bouček (as of 2019) | ||||
| Address: | Zdislavice 6 257 64 Zdislavice |
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| Municipality number: | 531022 | ||||
| Website : | www.zdislavice.cz | ||||
Zdislavice (German Zdislawitz , also Sdislawitz ) is a minority in the Czech Republic . It is located six kilometers southeast of Vlašim and belongs to the Okres Benešov .
geography
Zdislavice is located on the stream Štěpánovský potok in the Vlašimská pahorkatina ( Wlaschimer hill country ). The state road II / 127 between Trhový Štěpánov and Načeradec runs through the village, and the Benešov u Prahy – Trhový Štěpánov railway runs on the western edge of the village . The Javornická hůra (583 m nm) rises to the east, the Zelený vrch (483 m nm) and the Židův kopec (485 m nm) to the southeast, and the Bučina (519 m nm) to the southwest.
Neighboring towns are Kladruby , Rataje and Úlehle in the north, trhový štěpánov and Chlum in the Northeast, Javorník and Stare Peklo in the east, Nové Peklo, Mnichovice and Kuňovice the southeast, Chmelná , Miřetice , Malovidy and Kudrnův Mlyn in the south, Čihákov, Vracovice and Bolina in South-west, Loreta and Bolinka in the west and Vlašim, Řimovice and Pavlovice in the north-west.
history
Probably at the beginning of the 9th century, a permanent house was built on the salt road leading from Salzburg to Prague , which also served as a hostel for the salt carters. On the north side, the owners of the fortress erected a stele on their burial site. The stele later developed into a place for religious ceremonies; a portrait of the apostles Peter and Paul was attached to it and a two-armed cross was placed on its ridge . A stone altar was built, which was later surrounded by a wall and a protective roof by the owner of the fortress, Templář. The origin of this first church is assumed to be at the beginning of the 10th century, when the priests Kyrill and Methods had to leave the Moravian Empire .
The first written mention of the settlement Zdislavice, named after its founder Zdislav , took place in 1352. The owners of the fortress used the predicate of Zdislavic and had a wild boar in their coat of arms. The brothers Beneš and Heřman, who owned the fortress from 1355 to 1362, introduced a new priest as patron of the church in 1355 after his predecessor had died. In 1363 Heřman von Zdislavic held the church patronage. The Zdislavic Vladiken family died out soon after. The festivities ended at the end of the 14th century. Then the Zdislavice manor was added to the possessions of the Vlašim Castle . In 1418 Jan von Chotěmice and Vlašim introduced a new pastor in Zdislavice. In 1547 the brothers Burian and Ferdinand Trčka von Lípa separated the Zdislavice manor from the Vlašim lordship and sold it to the knight Peter von Újezd, who had a new seat built in Zdislavice. After some time, Peter von Újezd sold the estate to Václav Čejka von Olbramovice, who added it to his reign of Kácov . Václav Čejka raised Zdislavice to a town, granted a coat of arms and privileges for seven annual markets on wool, general goods, cattle and horses. The next owner was Karel the Elder. Ä. Čejka from Olbramovice. Because of his participation in the Bohemian Uprising in 1618, the Kácov estate was confiscated and in 1623 sold to Johann Baptist Verda von Verdenberg . The last Kalixtine pastor had to leave the town in 1624 on the basis of an imperial mandate; the parish of Zdislavice became extinct, the church was then taken care of by Vlašim parish priests. In 1626 Verda ceded the rule of Kácov to Johann Oktavian Kinsky von Wchinitz and Tettau on Chlumetz and Zasmuk . In the following year, Kinsky sold part of the manor with the town and farm Zdislavice and the villages of Rataje ovesné , Chlum , Javorník , Sedmipansko ( Sedmpány ) and Řimovice for 22,500 Schock Meissen groschen to the owner of the manor Vlašim, Friedrich von Talmberg . In 1627 the residents of Zdislavice were asked to return to Catholicism or to leave the country. Talmberg struck the abandoned property of the exiles to the Meierhof. In 1645 a new wooden church was built in a new place, as the old church was considered insufficient.
From 1684 the pastors of Kondrac administered the church and its property. Every year for Peter and Paul , the church was the destination of processions from Vlašim and Trhový Štěpánov , which moved to the stele on the square of the old church after the service. On May 7, 1699 the entire town burned down. The owner of the Vlašim estate, Franz Anton von Weissenwolff , had a new church built in 1701. In 1744 the princes of Auersperg acquired the rule of Vlašim. In 1767 a town hall was built.
Due to the devastating plague outbreak of 1772, the cemetery around the church was soon overcrowded; In the parish village of Bolina, for example, two thirds of the population died. Over 100 dead had to be buried in the church; more at the church tower, so that two graves had to be skipped when accessing the tower. The Kondracer pastor Radiměřský had a new cemetery built on the southern outskirts of the city and a new house of the dead built on a corner of the cemetery. At the end of the 18th century, the stele near the church was removed at the instigation of Emperor Joseph II and the pilgrimages were stopped. At the expense of the religious fund, a parish was re-established in Zdislavice in 1787. The new pastor was the former monk Johann Bonaventura Böhnisch from the abolished Carmelite monastery of St. Gallus in Prague. The Meierhof was closed in 1797 and its corridors were parceled out and sold. At the beginning of the 19th century, Pastor Böhnisch decided to end the desolate state of the church and had the dead dug up again; the bones were taken to the new cemetery and cleaned there. 1810 began Böhnisch in the place of the dead house of the old cemetery with the construction of Ossariums , which he made available to the public 1812th
In 1843 the Zdislawitz market, not far from Pilgram Street in the Kauřim district , consisted of 101 houses in which 745 people, including two Jewish families, lived. The parish church to the apostles Peter and Paul, the parish and the school were under the patronage of the religious fund. There was also a town hall and a Dominikales inn in the village. Zdislawitz was the parish for Bolina, Ratay , Řimowitz , Malowid ( Malovidy ) and Miřetitz . Until the middle of the 19th century, Zdislawitz remained subject to the allodial rule of Wlaschim.
After the abolition of patrimonial Zdislavice formed from 1849 a market town in the judicial district of Wlašim . From 1868 the market belonged to the Beneschau district . In 1869 Zdislavice had 716 inhabitants and consisted of 105 houses. In 1889 a new town hall was built, which, like its predecessor, was at ground level. In 1900 there were 696 people in Zdislavice, in 1910 there were 710. Between 1921 and 1922 the town hall was extended and an upper floor was added. In 1930 Zdislavice had 653 inhabitants and consisted of 130 houses. On August 15, 1937, the market became part of the newly established Okres Vlašim / Wlaschim district. After the February coup in 1948, Zdislavice sank down to the village. In the course of the territorial reform of 1960 and the repeal of the Okres Vlašim, the municipality was reassigned to the Okres Benešov. In the 2001 census, 529 people lived in the 172 houses of Zdislavice. Since 2006 the place has again the status of a Městys .
Community structure
No districts are shown for Městys Zdislavice. Zdislavice includes the single layers Nové Peklo and Staré Peklo.
The municipality forms the cadastral district Zdislavice u Vlašimi .
Attractions
- Church of St. Peter and Paul, a parish church has been documented since 1355. The old church was located above the Štěpánovský potok valley next to the fortress on the square of house number 84 and was built on a stele used as a place of worship in early Christian times. In 1645 a new wooden church with a cemetery was built on the present site. In 1701, at the instigation of Franz Anton von Weissenwolff , the church was rebuilt as a stone building with wooden ceilings instead of the previous building that burned down in 1699. After the church ceiling fell down on November 3, 1833 - after Sunday mass had ended - the church was re-vaulted in 1839. The church tower was raised in 1898, until then it only reached the cornice of the nave. In 1914 the church received a new organ from the Skopek workshop in Tábor .
- Ossuary , built between 1810 and 1812 by Pastor Böhnisch next to the church on the site of the house of the dead in the old cemetery. The bones come from victims of the plague epidemic of 1772, who had to be buried in the church and in front of the entrance to the church tower due to overcrowding in the cemetery.
- Rectory, built in 1787 after the parish was rebuilt. The old parsonage, abandoned in 1624, stood above the old church at the place of house number 51. In 1867 the parsonage was rebuilt because it was too small for the pastor and chaplain.
- Baroque statue of John of Nepomuk, created at the end of the 18th century
- Several crossroads
literature
- Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 86
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/531022/Zdislavice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia, Vol. 12 Kauřimer Kreis, 1844 p. 59
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/792578/Zdislavice-u-Vlasimi