Wilhelm Laforet

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Wilhelm Georg Josef Laforet (born November 19, 1877 in Edenkoben , † September 14, 1959 in Würzburg ) was a German state and administrative judge , ministerial official and politician ( CSU ). From 1927 to 1951 he was a professor at the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg and a member of the Parliamentary Council , the German Bundestag and the Bavarian State Parliament . Laforet was chairman of the legal committee of the German Bundestag and the judges' selection committee ; previously significantly involved in the drafting of the Basic Law (1949), although he ultimately rejected it due to federal reservations.

Life

Wilhelm Laforet was born in 1877 as the son of a red tanner in the Palatinate ; his younger brother was a political writer and advocated federalist ideas. Laforet grew up in a Catholic environment and first attended the Latin school in Edenkoben and from 1892 to 1896 the humanistic high school in Landau . After graduating from high school in 1896, he studied law and political science in Munich (from 1896 to 1898) and Berlin (from 1898 to 1900). In 1900 he passed the first state examination in law in Berlin. The legal internship followed.

Wilhelm Laforet (1900)

In the winter semester 1900/01 Laforet joined the Catholic , non-impacting student association KDStV Aenania Munich in the CV . He later became a senior at KAV Suevia Berlin . He was also a founding member and senior of the KDStV Rheno-Franconia Munich, founded in 1899, in the CV, the first Catholic student association to break the principle of singularity . A student dormitory Wilhelm-Laforet-Verein eV still exists today , which takes care of the KDStV Rheno-Franconia.

In 1901 he was at the University of Heidelberg with the criminal dissertation Criminal legal capacity to Dr. iur. utr. PhD; the work remained unpublished. His speakers were Karl von Lilienthal and Richard Schröder .

1900/01 Laforet served as a one-year volunteer with the Royal Bavarian 1st Field Artillery Regiment "Prince Regent Luitpold" in Munich. He then completed his legal preparatory service in Munich and passed the assessor examination in 1904. He did not write an otherwise common post-doctoral thesis; instead, his practical experience was used.

Initially working for the city of Munich, he joined the government of Upper Bavaria and the Regensburg district office in 1905 . In 1907 he switched to the Kusel district office in the Palatinate as an assessor . In 1909 Laforet became a member of the government, responsible for social security and the relevant legislation, in the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior in Munich.

From 1914 to 1918 he took part in the First World War as a frontline officer - was wounded several times - and was most recently major and commander of an artillery unit . With a patriotistic disposition, he kept the experience at the front in positive memory. He was a member of the Epp Freikorps and as such was involved in the suppression of the Munich Soviet Republic in 1919 .

In 1922 Laforet continued his career in the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior as a senior government councilor. In 1923 he was promoted to Ministerial Counselor. From then on he headed the municipal department and was entrusted with the Bavarian municipal code; the commentary on the Bavarian municipal code of 1931 is considered a standard work . He turned down the promotion to regional president in 1927.

From February 1, 1927 (with rank from June 28, 1920) to 1951, the Secret Justice Council was instead, as the successor to Robert Piloty, full professor of general, German and Bavarian constitutional and administrative law at the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg ; Walter Henrich was his successor . He also headed the constitutional department of the law faculty. Laforet had a large group of students, including u. a. Willi Geiger , Kurt Mantel , Ottmar Meyer , Rudolf Schiedermair , Walter Teutsch and Hermann Weitnauer .

His basic conservative attitude made it easier for him to pursue his university activities during the Nazi era - only individual ethnic elements can be found in his lecture manuscripts from the 1930s - rather, as early as 1933 he came into conflict with the National Socialists, which was only due to the intervention of the then Rector Georg Wunderle , Theologian, could be settled in the ministry. For the next few years he was "monitored" and repeated attempts were made to get rid of him. However, his reputation as an “irreplaceable specialist” saved him from major inconveniences. In the faculty historiography of 2005 it was stated: "Laforet was one of the few constitutional lawyers who can justifiably be said to have mastered the time [...] in spite of the practice of their profession without any major ingratiation to the political system."

He represented a constitutional and Catholic approach to natural law . His best-known works are the Administrative Manual for Bavaria and German Administrative Law . Laforet was an essential co-author of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany . He was a board member and head of the jurisprudential section of the Görres Society , was an honorary judge at the Bavarian Constitutional Court in Munich from 1947 to 1949 , was appointed President of the Administrative Court in 1948 and was a member of the Association of German Constitutional Law Teachers .

A commemorative publication ( Constitution and Administration in Theory and Reality ) was dedicated to him on his 75th birthday .

Laforet was baptized a Roman Catholic. He was married from 1920 and has two children.

politics

Political party

Laforet belonged to the Bavarian People's Party (BVP; also Center of Bavaria) from 1918 to 1933 . In 1945 he took part in the founding of the Christian Social Union (CSU) in Lower Franconia .

His estate is in the archive for Christian-Democratic Politics of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung in Sankt Augustin.

Public offices

From 1918 to 1922 Laforet was "District Administrator" (District Administrator) in Ochsenfurt am Main.

In 1945 he was a member of the Committee for Administrative Law in Heidelberg, which drafted the Administrative Court Act for the American Zone of Occupation , and an expert in the “preparatory constitutional committee” for the then short-lived state of Württemberg-Baden .

From 1946 to 1949 (resignation) he was elected to the Bavarian state parliament for the CSU in the constituency of Ochsenfurt . He was a member of the Committee on the State Budget, the Committee on State Council Issues and on issues of a bizonal and multizonal nature, the Committee on Cultural Policy Issues and the Committee on Legal and Constitutional Issues.

In 1948/49 he was elected to the parliamentary council for Bavaria by the state parliament . His main concern was to strengthen federalism , which was ultimately the reason why Laforet refused to approve the Basic Law . He declared that despite "objections to the Basic Law, he was deeply committed to the new state and the whole of Germany".

He belonged to the German Bundestag in its first legislative period ( 1949-1953 ) as a directly elected MP in constituency 40 (Würzburg-Ochsenfurt-Marktheidenfeld) with 43.8 percent of the first votes and was chairman of the Committee on Legal Affairs and Constitutional Law - there in several involved in important laws and a. in the drafting of the Federal Constitutional Court Act (1951) - and the judges' election committee . In addition, he was a full member of the Committee for the Protection of the Constitution and the Committee for Safeguarding the Rights of the People's Representation, as well as a deputy member of the Committee for Internal Administration (today: Interior Committee).

In 1949 he was a member of the first Federal Assembly to elect the German Federal President.

honors and awards

Fonts (selection)

  • The criminal legal capacity (1901)
  • Commentary on the Bavarian Compulsory Assignment Act (1910)
  • Civil service law or labor law? (1927)
  • The Bavarian Municipal Code (2 vol., 1931)
  • Administrative manual for Bavaria (1934)
  • German Administrative Law (1937)

See also

literature

  • AöR: Three jubilees in German constitutional law . In: Archives of Public Law NF 39 = 78 (1952/53), pp. 497–498.
  • AöR: Wilhelm Laforet † . In: Archives of Public Law NF 45 = 84 (1959), pp. 493–494.
  • Christopher Benkert: The Law Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1914 to 1960. Education and science under the sign of the two world wars (= Würzburg jurisprudential writings . Vol. 62). Ergon Verlag, Würzburg 2005, ISBN 3-89913-481-8 , pp. 166-170.
  • Otto Depenheuer : Wilhelm Laforet (1877-1959) . In: Günter letter , Hans-Otto Kleinmann (Hrsg.): In responsibility before God and the people. Christian Democrats in the Parliamentary Council 1948/49 . Edited on behalf of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung , Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2008, ISBN 978-3-451-29973-5 , pp. 237–244 ( PDF ).
  • Barbara Fait, Alf Mintzel (ed.): The CSU 1945–1948. Protocols and materials on the early history of the Christian-Social Union (= texts and materials on contemporary history . Vol. 4). Volume 3: Materials, Biographies, Registers . Commissioned by the Institute for Contemporary History , Oldenbourg, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-486-55982-6 , p. 1895.
  • Florian Ganslmeier:  Laforet, Wilhelm. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 25, Bautz, Nordhausen 2005, ISBN 3-88309-332-7 , Sp. 764-765.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Willi Geiger : Wilhelm Laforet † . In: Voice of the Palatinate 10 (1959), No. 5, p. 3.
  • Friedrich August von der Heydte : Wilhelm Laforet on his eightieth birthday . In: Archives of Public Law NF 43 = 82 (1957), pp. 377–381.
  • Ders .: In memoriam Wilhelm Laforet . In: Die Tagespost , 18./19. September 1959, p. 10.
  • Alfred Hans Kuby (Ed.): 1200 years of Edenkoben . Commissioned by the city administration, with drawings by Fritz Lederle, Südwestdeutsche Verlagsanstalt, Mannheim 1969, p. 95.
  • Eugen Kuri: Biographical State Handbook. Lexicon of politics, press and journalism . Volume 2. Founded by Wilhelm Kosch , Francke, Bern a. a. 1963, p. 726.
  • Erhard HM Lange: pioneer of the Federal Republic. Members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . 2nd over and exp. Edition, Federal University of Applied Sciences for Public Administration, Brühl 1999, ISBN 3-930732-53-X , pp. 113–121.
  • Hans Peters : Wilhelm Laforet † . In: JuristenZeitung 14 (1959) 22, pp. 733–734.
  • Reiner Pommerin : The members of the Parliamentary Council. Portrait sketches of the British liaison officer Chaput de Saintonge . In: Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte 36 (1988) 3, pp. 557–588, here: pp. 573–574 ( PDF ).
  • Hans Scharold : Wilhelm Laforet [obituary] . In: Correspondence sheet of the AH-Verband and the Aktivitas des KDStV Aenania Munich , 1960, No. 20, pp. 27-29.
  • Adolf Süsterhenn , Friedrich August Freiherr von der Heydte, Willi Geiger (eds.): Constitution and administration in theory and reality. Festschrift for Wilhelm Laforet on the occasion of his 75th birthday (= publications by the Institute for State Theory and Politics . Vol. 3). Isar-Verlag, Munich 1952.
  • Rudolf Vierhaus , Ludolf Herbst (ed.): Biographical manual of the members of the German Bundestag 1949–2002. Volume 1: A-M . Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0 , pp. 476-477.
  • Wolfram Werner (edit.): The Parliamentary Council, 1948–1949. Files and minutes . Volume 3: Committee on Delimitation of Responsibilities . Edited by the German Bundestag and the Federal Archives under the direction of Hans-Joachim Stelzl and Hartmut Weber , Boldt im Oldenbourg Verlag, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-7646-1859-0 , pp. X – XI.
  • Wilhelm Laforet , in Internationales Biographisches Archiv 45/1959 of October 26, 1959, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely accessible)
  • A life for law, youth and the fatherland. Privy Councilor Prof. Dr. Wilhelm Laforet celebrates his 75th birthday today . In: Main-Post , November 19, 1952.
  • University professor and parliamentarian. Professor Dr. Laforet (MdB) in Würzburg will celebrate his 75th birthday tomorrow . In: Fränkisches Volksblatt , November 18, 1952.

Web links

Commons : Wilhelm Laforet  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Rudolf Vierhaus , Ludolf Herbst (ed.): Biographical manual of the members of the German Bundestag 1949–2002. Volume 1: A-M . Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0 , pp. 476-477, here: p. 467.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Erhard HM Lange: Trailblazer of the Federal Republic. the members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . Brühl 1999, p. 114.
  3. ^ Erhard HM Lange: Trailblazer of the Federal Republic. the members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . Brühl 1999, p. 113.
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Christopher Benkert: The Law Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1914 to 1960. Education and science under the sign of the two world wars (= Würzburg jurisprudential writings . Vol. 62). Ergon Verlag, Würzburg 2005, ISBN 3-89913-481-8 , pp. 166–170, here: p. 166.
  5. ^ A b Hans Scharold : Wilhelm Laforet [obituary] . In: Correspondence sheet of the AH-Verband and the Aktivitas des KDStV Aenania Munich , 1960, No. 20, pp. 27–29, here: p. 27.
  6. ↑ Complete list of CV 1925, p. 467.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f Erhard HM Lange: Trailblazer of the Federal Republic. the members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . Brühl 1999, p. 115.
  8. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Rudolf Vierhaus , Ludolf Herbst (ed.): Biographical manual of the members of the German Bundestag 1949–2002. Volume 1: A-M . Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0 , pp. 476-477, here: p. 477.
  9. ↑ a b c d e f Christopher Benkert: The Law Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1914 to 1960. Education and science under the sign of the two world wars (= Würzburg legal writings . Vol. 62). Ergon Verlag, Würzburg 2005, ISBN 3-89913-481-8 , pp. 166–170, here: p. 167.
  10. ^ Otto Depenheuer : Wilhelm Laforet (1877-1959) . In: Günter letter , Hans-Otto Kleinmann (Hrsg.): In responsibility before God and the people. Christian Democrats in the Parliamentary Council 1948/49 . Edited on behalf of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung , Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2008, ISBN 978-3-451-29973-5 , pp. 237–244, here: p. 238.
  11. ↑ Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg: Lecture directory for the summer semester of 1948. Universitätsdruckerei H. Stürtz, Würzburg 1948, p. 9.
  12. ^ Willi Geiger : Wilhelm Laforet † . In: Voice of the Palatinate 10 (1959), No. 5, p. 3.
  13. ↑ a b Erhard HM Lange: Trailblazer of the Federal Republic. the members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . Brühl 1999, p. 117.
  14. ↑ a b c Christopher Benkert: The Law Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1914 to 1960. Education and science under the sign of the two world wars (= Würzburg juridical writings . Vol. 62). Ergon Verlag, Würzburg 2005, ISBN 3-89913-481-8 , pp. 166–170, here: p. 169.
  15. ^ Erhard HM Lange: Trailblazer of the Federal Republic. the members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . Brühl 1999, p. 116.
  16. ↑ a b c Christopher Benkert: The Law Faculty of the University of Würzburg 1914 to 1960. Education and science under the sign of the two world wars (= Würzburg juridical writings . Vol. 62). Ergon Verlag, Würzburg 2005, ISBN 3-89913-481-8 , pp. 166–170, here: p. 170.
  17. ^ A b Otto Depenheuer : Wilhelm Laforet (1877-1959) . In: Günter letter , Hans-Otto Kleinmann (Hrsg.): In responsibility before God and the people. Christian Democrats in the Parliamentary Council 1948/49 . Edited on behalf of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung , Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2008, ISBN 978-3-451-29973-5 , pp. 237–244, here: p. 240.
  18. ^ Erhard HM Lange: Trailblazer of the Federal Republic. the members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . Brühl 1999, p. 120.
  19. ↑ Wilhelm Laforet , in Internationales Biographisches Archiv 45/1959 of October 26, 1959, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely available)
  20. ↑ a b Rudolf Vierhaus , Ludolf Herbst (ed.): Biographical manual of the members of the German Bundestag 1949–2002. Volume 1: A-M . Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0 , p. 1050.
  21. ^ Otto Depenheuer : Wilhelm Laforet (1877-1959) . In: Günter letter , Hans-Otto Kleinmann (Hrsg.): In responsibility before God and the people. Christian Democrats in the Parliamentary Council 1948/49 . Edited on behalf of the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung , Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2008, ISBN 978-3-451-29973-5 , pp. 237–244, here: p. 243.
  22. ^ Erhard HM Lange: Trailblazer of the Federal Republic. the members of the Parliamentary Council. Nineteen historical biographies. 50 years of the Basic Law and the Federal Republic of Germany . Brühl 1999, p. 119.
  23. ↑ Rudolf Vierhaus , Ludolf Herbst (ed.): Biographical manual of the members of the German Bundestag 1949–2002. Volume 1: A-M . Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0 , p. 352.
  24. ↑ Rudolf Vierhaus , Ludolf Herbst (ed.): Biographical manual of the members of the German Bundestag 1949–2002. Volume 1: A-M . Saur, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-598-23782-0 , p. 548.
personal data
SURNAME Laforet, Wilhelm
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Laforet, Wilhelm Georg Josef (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German constitutional lawyer, ministerial official and politician (CSU), MdL, MdB
DATE OF BIRTH November 19, 1877
PLACE OF BIRTH Edenkoben
DATE OF DEATH September 14, 1959
Place of death Wurzburg