Burgstall Lichtenberg

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Burgstall Lichtenberg
Creation time : around 1160
Castle type : Höhenburg, summit location
Conservation status: Castle stable, two walls, moat, castle chapel
Construction: Humpback block masonry
Place: Bernhardswald- Lichtenberg
Geographical location 49 ° 4 '57.3 "  N , 12 ° 16' 23.6"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 4 '57.3 "  N , 12 ° 16' 23.6"  E
Height: 530  m above sea level NN
Burgstall Lichtenberg (Bavaria)
Burgstall Lichtenberg

The Postal Lichtenberg is an Outbound hilltop castle in the district of Lichtenberg at 530  m above sea level. NN of the municipality Bernhardswald in the Upper Palatinate district of Regensburg in Bavaria .

history

The area in which Lichtenberg is located belonged to the Regensburg monastery . This began here with clearing work as part of the Hochstiftischen forest regalia . Lichtenberg may have been a clearing center on which the bishopric settled the Lichtenberger family of ministers . The castle was built around 1160 by the Lords of Lichtenberg. In 1161 a Hartwicus de Liehtenperck is mentioned in a bishopric. He turns up with his brothers Ortlieb and Perthold when buying goods from the St. Emmeram Monastery . Together with his son of the same name, this Hartwicus also appears as a witness in the traditions of the convent around 1180 and 1185; a Friedericus de Liehtenperg appears here as a witness for Count Gebhard von Sulzbach on. An Ekko von Lihtenberch is the first witness of the Reichenbach monastery in 1212 and 1242 . The Lichtenbergers are ministerials of the Regensburg bishopric . A Hermann von Lichtenberg, ministeriales Ratisponensis , held the office of mayor of Regensburg in 1267 and from 1278 to 1287; therefore he had to take up residence in Regensburg. During this time Friedericus de Liehtenperg , who is referred to as the fidelis of Bishop Heinrich , appears at Lichtenberg Castle. A Lichtenberger woman named Ryssa I. von Leuchtenberg appears towards the end of the 13th century as the abbess of the Obermünster women's monastery in Regensburg.

In 1272 Lichtenberg Castle ( castrum Liehtenberch ) was ceded to the Bavarian Duke Ludwig by the Regensburg Bishop Leo Thundorfer . Here and in the future, Hermannus de Liehtenberch appears among the arbitrators on the side of the Duke and in the following years the Lichtenbergers seem to be tied to the Wittelsbachers . However, they are still in the service of the bishopric, as an Ulrich von Lichtenberg is taking care of Siegenstein Castle on behalf of the bishopric . A year later he was mentioned in connection with Altenthann and later called himself the Lichtenberger von Altenthann . A Erich von Liechtenberg guarantees on the part of the Bavarian dukes in 1314 at the conclusion of peace between the dukes of Bavaria and Austria , the Bishop Nicholas of Ybbs was negotiated.

But the ancestral home of the family remained in the Wittelsbach sphere of influence, such as the mention of Liehtenberg castrum in Urbar of Viztumamtes Lengenfeld occupied by 1326th It is even stated that Lichtenberg Castle is owned by the Lichtenbergers ( Lichtenbergeri habent ).

From 1334 a Hector von Lichtenberg is mentioned in the sources. This has a number of sales to the monasteries Pielenhofen , Oberaltaich and Prüfening made. After 1348 this was called Hector Liehtenperger von Lichtenwald . With this relocation of their aristocratic residence to Oberlichtenwald Castle , the Lichtenbergers gave up the old castle. But the Lichtenbergers did not stay long at Oberlichtenwald Castle either, in 1365 the fortress and village of Lichtenwald were sold to Peter the Chamerauer . A last Lichtenberger appeared in 1399 as a guarantor in a document for Albrecht, Landgrave von Leuchtenberg . In the 15th century, this once widely ramified family seems to have died out.

Successors to Lichtenberg were Regensburg patrician families. As early as 1358, the Regensburg citizen named Erhart the hedgehog from Liechtenberch . In 1372 this Erhart der Lauterbekch sold the castle to Hans den Steynacher zu dem Adelstein , also later mayor of Regensburg.

According to Apian , around 1568 there was no longer a castle here, but a templum , the predecessor of the St. Johannes Baptist chapel.

description

The square moat of the castle lies on a hilltop. A ditch about 3 m deep and 10 m wide surrounds the castle area with a 2 m high outer wall on three sides; The trench is partially filled and also built over. The castle area is approx. 35 × 30 m.

Today the castle chapel of St. John the Baptist from the 17th century with a Gothic nave and a choir built in 1734 stands at the castle site . This could essentially go back to the former palace of the castle. The remains of a keep , which were previously attested to, have now disappeared apart from a few well-preserved stones. The courtyard belonging to the castle was rebuilt in 1730. An information board points to the castle stables , today a ground monument .

literature

  • Andreas Boos: Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate - the early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area . Universitätsverlag Regensburg, Regensburg 1998, ISBN 3-930480-03-4 , pp. 85-89.
  • Sixtus Lampl: Upper Palatinate (=  monuments in Bavaria - ensembles, architectural monuments, archaeological site monuments . Volume III ). Oldenbourg, Munich 1986, ISBN 3-486-52394-5 , p. 207 .
  • Diethard Schmid: Regensburg I. The district court Stadtamhof, the imperial rule Donaustauf and Wörth. (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Altbayern booklet 41). Commission for Bavarian History, Michael Lassleben Verlag, Munich 1976. ISBN 3-7696-9904-1 .