Burgstall byelenburg

Burgstall byelenburg
View of the Schlossberg from the north (April 2012)
Alternative name (s):	Türklburg, Dürchlburg
Creation time :	11th century
Castle type :	Höhenburg, spur location
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Standing position :	Ministeriale, dukes
Place:	Laaber - Türklmühle - "Schlossberg"
Geographical location	49 ° 3 '2 "  N , 11 ° 54' 27.3"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 3 '2 "  N , 11 ° 54' 27.3"  E
Height:	420  m above sea level NN

The Postal Durchelenburg even Türklburg or Dürchlburg called, is an Outbound High Middle Spur castle on a against the Black Laber projecting rocky spur of the castle hill between the districts Schrammlhof and Türklmühle the market Laaber in Upper Palatinate district of Regensburg in Bavaria . Apart from features of the site, no remains of the castle have survived ; the site is protected as a ground monument number D-3-6937-0087 “Medieval castle stables 'Durchelenburg'”. The unusual name Durchelenburg is traced back to a rock gate in the mountain spur.

history

Due to ceramic finds, which probably go back to the 11th century, as well as the typological appearance of the castle complex, without the presence of early medieval fortifications, the Durchelenburg will have been built during the 11th century. The first indirect references to the Durchelenburg, also known as the Türklburg, come from the name of a Hesso von Duerchlburgk , who testified that between the years 1061 and 1080 a Seelgerät foundation was made to the St. Paul Monastery . Subsequently, during the late 11th century is still a Sigahart de Durchelinburc along with his son Sigehart and a Sigahart below Ritter Egilolf , a vassal or Burgmann called. Further mentions of the Durchelenburg family come from the period between the year 1100 and 1106, when another Sigehart de Durchelenburh and his knight Francho appear as witnesses at a dedication of the St. Emmeram monastery . Sigihart de Duchilnburch is in 1107 named as Ministeriale the cathedral when the Regensburg Bishop Hartwig I. the monastery Mondsee transfers possession. Between 1110 and 1117 a Sigehart de Durchelenburch , presumably a son of Sigehart mentioned earlier, is mentioned for the last time as a witness of a tradition at the Obermünster monastery .

It was not until 1205 that the castle was first mentioned as Castrum Durchelnburg in a peace treaty when the Regensburg Bishop Konrad IV von Frontenhausen broke the conflict with the Bavarian Duke Ludwig the Kelheimer , who over the legacy of the Landgrave von Stefling am Regen, who died out in 1196, as Regensburg Burgrave was created, enclosed. According to this contract, the Durchelenburg was one of the castles that the Duke, along with ministerials and affiliations , should transfer to the Hochstift Regensburg without heirs in the event of his death . The Durchelenburg was owned by the Bavarian dukes by 1205 at the latest, before that the Regensburg burgraves may have held rights to it, as this conflict was about their inheritance. The status of the Lords of Durchelenburg is not exactly known either, they are referred to as nobiles in 1107, so they could originally have been noble-free ones until, in the course of time, they only became a ministerial family of the Regensburg bishopric and possibly the burgrave.

The Durchelenburg was only mentioned twice after the conflict, when the peace treaty was repeatedly confirmed in 1213 and 1224. The castle was probably abandoned in the 13th century, as is shown by the dating of ceramic shards from the Schlossberg, which did not go beyond the late 12th and 13th centuries. It was once the task of the castle to control an old road that led through the Labertal. Due to its location on a mountain spur protruding into the Labertal, it was ideally suited for this. During the 12th century, however, this road was replaced by the Königsstraße on the Alb plateau, with which the castle probably lost its importance.

description

The castle site is located at around 420  m above sea level. NN meter high mountain spur, which advances in an approximately westward direction into the valley of the Schwarzen Laber. (Photo 1) This spur, which rises around 30  meters above the valley floor, is protected on three sides by steep slopes, some of which are interspersed with rocks. The tip of the spur is formed by inaccessible rocks and was probably not built on. The attack side of the castle, the eastern narrow side, was secured by a neck ditch that is now only shallow, cut from the rock . Immediately to the west, an approximately five-meter-high and approximately round tower hill rises from the ditch, which takes up the entire width of the mountain spur and the top of which has several irregular depressions. (Fig. 2) The approximately 15 × 15 meter plateau of the tower hill still has mortar residues. This artificially raised hill was a tower that blocked access to the castle. From the west side of the tower hill, the terrain drops a few meters to an approximately 60 × 22 meter core castle area. On this side of the tower hill, an approximately circular indentation should also indicate the presumed location of the castle fountain , today only a flat, elongated indentation remains of the possible location of the fountain or the cistern of the castle. This area does not show any remains of fortifications, it was naturally well protected by the very steep slopes in the north and south. The earlier access to the complex probably led along the south side of the tower hill and only gradually reached the plateau of the core castle.

To the east of the neck ditch there could have been a bailey area, here is a 75 meter long, roughly semicircular area sloping slightly to the east, which drops steeply in the north and south, but does not show any artificial separation. On the east side of this area, the access side to the castle complex, on the other hand, a slope edge could have been artificially created. Possibly a weakly fortified outer bailey was on this area. To the east of this area there is another, slightly elevated area with an artificial depression. It is not known whether, and if so, how this area belonged to the castle.

An information board indicates the place of the castle, which can be reached via an unmarked path across the forest.

and display information about the image

View of the tower hill (April 2012)

literature

• Andreas Boos : Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate - the early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area . Universitätsverlag Regensburg, Regensburg 1998, ISBN 3-930480-03-4 , pp. 178-183.
• Armin Stroh : The prehistoric and early historical monuments of the Upper Palatinate . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 3). Verlag Michael Lassleben, Kallmünz 1975, ISBN 3-7847-5030-3 , p. 254.

Web links

Commons : Burgstall Durchelenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

References and comments

1. ↑ List of monuments for Laaber (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 137 kB)
2. ↑ Andreas Boos: Castles in the South of the Upper Palatinate - The early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area , p. 179, see Commons web link
3. ↑ A find from the 5th century was also made, but fortification at this time is not likely
4. ↑ Source history: Andreas Boos: Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate - The early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area , p. 179 ff.
5. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavarian Monument Atlas
6. ↑ A detailed archaeological investigation of the castle area is still pending
7. ↑ In a description from Hugo Graf von Walderdorff from 1874 , this ditch was apparently even more impressive, because he writes of a deep excavation over which a drawbridge led. The ditch was also alleged to be in a description in the inventory of art monuments from the early 20th century three meters deep
8. ↑ Armin Stroh : The prehistoric and prehistoric terrain monuments of the Upper Palatinate , p. 254
9. ↑ From the description of the inventory of art monuments from the early 20th century
10. ↑ This could be a cistern
11. ^ Source description with a few exceptions: Andreas Boos: Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate - The early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg region , p. 178 f.
12. ↑ See Commons web link