Burgstall Oberlichtenwald

Burgstall Oberlichtenwald
Burgstall Oberlichtenwald - View of the southwestern moat and the last remains of the inner castle wall (April 2014)
Alternative name (s):	Lichtenwald Castle
Creation time :	1100 to 1200
Castle type :	Höhenburg, ridge position
Conservation status:	Burgstall
Standing position :	Nobles
Place:	Altenthann -Lichtenwald
Geographical location	49 ° 3 '20.4 "  N , 12 ° 15' 41.7"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 3 '20.4 "  N , 12 ° 15' 41.7"  E
Height:	420  m above sea level NN

The Postal skylight Forest , also castle Lichtenwald called, is a Outbound hilltop castle at 420  m above sea level. NN in the southern part of the Lichtenwald district of Altenthann in the Regensburg district in Bavaria .

history

The castle is likely to be a highly medieval clearing castle, although documentary evidence does not appear until 1348/49. At that time, a Hector von Lichtenberg is mentioned in the sources, who after 1348 calls himself Hector the Liehtenperger von Lichtenwald . Apparently under him a relocation of the family seat from Lichtenberg Castle to Lichtenwald Castle was undertaken. In 1351 the Regensburg bishop Friedrich is said to have enfeoffed this Hector with Lichtenwald.

The Lichtenbergers did not stay long at Oberlichtenwald Castle, in 1365 Ekchter der Liechtenberger von dem Liechtenwald sold the fortress and village of Lichtenwald to Peter the Chamerauer von dem Haitzstein . These are followed by the Zengers . A Hans der Zenger zu dem Tannstein committed himself in 1392 with his Veste Lichtenwald not to be hostile to Regensburg for two years. At the beginning of the 14th century, another job of the Zenger seals the Lichtenwald . A Michael Zenger († 1532) donated a benefit for the Lichtenwalder Schlosskapelle , whose income was directed to Altenthann after the castle was closed. In 1590 the Zengers had to sell Lichtenwald together with Adlmannstein in favor of the orphaned daughter Anna Maria to Erhard von Muggenthal zu Hexenacker . In 1619 Lichtenwald was considered a dilapidated castle stable. From 1669 the ownership changed from Adam Philipp von Muggenthal to David Stich . In 1711, Lichtenwald and Adlmannstein were sold by Franz Martin von Stich to a Baron Schütz , who only acted as a nominal buyer for his brother-in-law, Johann Christian Baron Knorr von Rosenroth .

In 1718 Lichtenwald was acquired by Commander Conrad Christof Freiherr von Lehrbach for the Regensburg Order of the Teutonic Order together with Adlmannstein Castle . Both court stamps were administered by a servant of the commander in Adlmannstein and later by the commander administrator in Regensburg. Until the dissolution of the order in 1809, Lichtenwald remained in the possession of this order.

The Bavarian country table from 1737 describes Lichtenwald as a destroyed and collapsed castle or castle stable with a number of still standing walls and a large tower on a high mountain . The masonry was almost completely removed by continued stone robbery.

description

Today the Burgstall is registered as a floor monument D-3-6939-0071 "Medieval Burgstall" by the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation .

The former castle complex was located on a narrow ridge between the valleys of the Sulzbach, flowing to the southwest, and the Otterbach , which ran parallel to it . The plant was divided into a main castle in the southwest and northeast in a subsequent bailey .

The outer bailey is now completely built over by the village of Oberlichtenwald, remains of the fortifications have not survived. On the west side, the outer bailey was bounded by a slope that sloped steeply into the valley, as was the east. The north-eastern end was probably formed by a ditch through which a road branching off from the state road St 2145 leads into the village today. To the south-west of the inner bailey, the 175 meter long and 130 meter wide area of ​​the outer bailey was delimited by another ditch, which is also built over today.

The core castle, which ran equally from northeast to southwest, was around 100 meters long and only 40 meters wide. In the northeast, over the moat to the outer bailey, a rocky knoll rises above the ridge, which is crowned with a tower hill . On this there used to be a dungeon , which was discontinued after the 1838th On a drawing from around this time it is shown as a ruin. The slopes of the inner castle drop steeply to the valley to the west and east. The south-western end of the castle was secured by a 20-meter-wide third moat that cut through the entire ridge. Above this, an angled piece of wall with corner cuboids is visible; it used to be the south-western tip of the castle complex.

literature

• Stephan Acht: The court stamps of the German Order Coming Regensburg. In Paul Mai (Ed.): 800 years of the German Order Commander St. Aegid in Regensburg 1210 - 2010 (pp. 183–185). Exhibition in the Episcopal Central Library in Regensburg, St. Petersweg 11-13, June 19 to September 26, 2010. Regensburg, Schnell & Steiner, 2010, ISBN 978-3-7954-2421-3 .
• Andreas Boos : Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate - the early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area . Universitätsverlag Regensburg, Regensburg 1998, ISBN 3-930480-03-4 , pp. 268-272.
• Armin Stroh : The prehistoric and early historical monuments of the Upper Palatinate . (Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory, series B, volume 3). Verlag Michael Laßleben , Kallmünz 1975, ISBN 3-7847-5030-3 , p. 262.
• Diethard Schmid: Regensburg I. The district court Stadtamhof, the imperial rule Donaustauf and Wörth. (= Historical Atlas of Bavaria, part of Altbayern booklet 41). Commission for Bavarian History, Verlag Michael Laßleben, Munich 1976. ISBN 3-7696-9904-1 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ List of monuments for Altenthann (PDF) at the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation (PDF; 129 kB)
2. ^ Location of the Burgstall in the Bavaria Atlas
3. ↑ Source description: Andreas Boos: Castles in the south of the Upper Palatinate - The early and high medieval fortifications of the Regensburg area , p. 268