The big bazaar

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The big bazaar: Conversations with Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon, Maren Sell is a book published by Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon and Maren Sell in 1975 based on interviews with Daniel Cohn-Bendit about his life from 1968 to 1975. The Original edition was published by Pierre Belfond under the title Le grand bazar . The work was translated from French by Thomas Hartmann, among others , and a German translation was published by Trikont-Verlag in 1975 . Further translations were made into English (1975), Spanish (1976), Turkish (1987) and Portuguese (1988). The main focus of the book is on the political events of May 1968 and the role of Cohn-Bendit in them. In the foreword the book was announced as “a colorful department store of left-wing radicalism ”.

In 2001, 26 years after the book was published, text passages on sexuality between adults and children first became the subject of a controversy surrounding Cohn-Bendit. In 2013 these quotes were taken up again, among other things in the context of the pedophilia debate about the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen party .

content

Like a rolling stone

Daniel Cohn-Bendit speaks about the aversion of the political left to deal with individuals. The capitalist society have hampered his identity. He goes into his Jewish origins and mentions the left wing imprint about his parents' environment. Cohn-Bendit feels neither exclusively German nor French . The Six Day War (1967) triggered a confrontation with his Jewish identity in him; the goals of the Israeli left were initially closest to him. He also highlights learning foreign languages as a way of overcoming national borders. He stayed in Israel several times and in 1969 broke with his belief in Zionism because of the political events and professed pacifism . He devotes the rest of the chapter to his journey through Israel, his human encounters (also with representatives of the Matzpen ) and his political assessment of the Yom Kippur War (1973).

There was once

In this chapter, Cohn-Bendit discusses the relationship between anarchist and other left-wing groups and the largest French student association UNEF . In 1967/68, Cohn-Bendit's group was still an outsider . The sociological lectures served as a provocative discussion. He then describes in detail and over several pages the beginnings of the movement in Nanterre and the expansion to Paris in May 1968 . He (the student leader) was briefly arrested; a Paris policeman cursed him anti-Semitically .

Jet set

Daniel Cohn-Bendit lets the press interview himself - like a star. His statements in Amsterdam about the French tricolor and the red flag lead to his expulsion from France. In February 1968 he attended the International Vietnam Congress in Berlin and cooperated with the SDS in Germany.

Johnny Weissmüller

In this chapter he talks about a western film project with the director Jean-Luc Godard , which was not realized in the planned form. He makes reference to the US civil rights movement , the Russian Revolution and the Indians of North America . Cohn-Bendit recognizes the importance of the medium of film for his movement and speaks about the limits in relation to the ruling power structures . In addition to the cinema, he also describes his interest in football as an ideologically integrating medium. Despite different political and ideological positions in the curve, it was agreed that the entrance fees were too expensive.

The journey beyond communism

Cohn-Bendit explains his basic anti-capitalist , anti-authoritarian and anti-communist convictions. He sees himself strengthened by the suppression of the Hungarian popular uprising (1956). He analyzes the October Revolution of 1917 in Russia and takes a critical position on the role of the German Communist Party (DKP) and on the political goals of the GDR . Next he deals with the Parti communiste français (PCF) and other communist parties in Europe.

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Little Big Men

In this chapter, Cohn-Bendit describes his two-year activity as a kindergarten teacher . He took up this position because, in his opinion, dealing with children was neglected in his political environment. Cohn-Bendit writes that in his anti -authoritarian work he identified himself very strongly with the children to be looked after and developed the desire to be loved and needed by them. It was partly about coming to terms with one's own childhood. He also found the nature of children to be very instructive; so they were very empathetic and honest and had a remarkable sense of the problems of adults.

He also describes an erotic component of the relationship with the children (see Social Debate ). However , the children, who mainly come from left-liberal academic families, lacked emotional expression and they mostly wanted to let off steam in kindergarten and learn less. In this context, Cohn-Bendit draws the conclusion that one cannot confront children with (for them abstract) political problems, at least not without preparing them in a child-friendly manner and leaving the children room for individual thoughts and interpretations. After about a year and a half, he gradually lost interest in his work because he had the feeling that he could not move anything socially. This was accelerated by conflicts caused by the children of Turkish guest workers . A necessary socialization of these children overwhelmed the kindergarten and after all there was no other way to help than to send them home.

The chapter Little Big Men , which became the subject of a pedophilia debate , appeared in 1976 as a reprint under the title "At that time in the children's shop" in the monthly magazine das da founded by Klaus Rainer Röhl .

Social debate

Comments in the book

Some statements by Cohn-Bendit about experiences during his work in a children's shop from 1972 to 1974 in Frankfurt am Main in the chapter Little Big Men (pp. 139-147) were repeatedly taken up in public. In its May / June 2001 issue , the feminist magazine Emma published controversial excerpts from the book under the title “I had pleasure”. The following passages from the book were mostly taken up and quoted in later debates:

“My constant flirtation with all the children soon took on erotic traits. I could really feel how the little girls had already learned to turn me on by the age of five. "

- Daniel Cohn-Bendit : The big bazaar , Munich 1975, p. 140

and

“It happened to me several times that some children would open my pants and start stroking me. I reacted differently depending on the circumstances, but I had problems with their request. I asked her: 'Why don't you play with each other, why did you choose me and not other children?' But when she insisted, I still petted her. "

- Daniel Cohn-Bendit : The big bazaar , Munich 1975, p. 143

accusations

In January 2001, the journalist Bettina Röhl accused Cohn-Bendit of the sexual abuse of children on her website , referring to a passage from The Grand Bazaar . Röhl offered the discovery of the text passages to several press organs for sale. The British weekly newspaper The Observer printed the book excerpt that Röhl had complained about. The French daily Liberation decided against Röhl's story, but the news magazine L'Express (France), the Bildzeitung (Germany) and La Repubblica (Italy) took up the topic, with L'Express reviewing the book after it was published, and had found nothing objectionable in it at the time. On January 31, 2001, the former Foreign Minister Klaus Kinkel ( FDP ) called on MEP Daniel Cohn-Bendit in an open letter in the Berliner Zeitung to distance himself from the statements.

Various right-wing French, Austrian and Swiss politicians qualified Cohn-Bendit as a pedophile.

Scandal before the award ceremony

In March 2013, the President of the Federal Constitutional Court, Andreas Vosskuhle, canceled his promised laudation on the awarding of the Theodor Heuss Prize to Cohn-Bendit by the non-partisan Theodor-Heuss-Foundation on the grounds that Cohn-Bendit had "not unproblematicly discussed sexuality expressed between adults and children ”.

In an interview with the news magazine Der Spiegel in May 2013, Cohn-Bendit stated that The Grand Bazaar was “not only terribly badly written, but also a strange colportage of fiction and experience”. The book "emerged from an interview, as a kind of manifesto against bourgeois society".

Cohn-Bendits reaction

Cohn-Bendit replied to Kinkel on February 1, 2001:

“25 years ago when we were discussing child sexuality, we and society were not aware of the problem. We asked ourselves how can an educator, how can parents non-repressively counter child sexuality and child curiosity, take their desire for autonomy seriously. The society in which we lived in the 1960s and 1970s did not, in our opinion, meet these needs. In discussions in shared apartments, in children's shops and in public, we tried to define a new sexual morality in a collective discourse. In this context one has to understand my self-reflection in the 'Grand Bazaar'. I summarize countless debates, want to come to a head and provoke. I mix conversations and open questions about a personal position. In doing so I want - and I can certainly be reproached for that - to distinguish myself as a taboo breaker. Some lines of this reflection, read today, are intolerable and wrong. If we had known more about sexual abuse back then, I would not have written it. "

Reliefs

Parents and children from children's shops and former shared apartments (2001) as well as a former colleague (2013) Cohn-Bendits from Frankfurt defended him against allegations of sexual abuse. An initiator later stated that she had only exonerated Cohn-Bendit “for political reasons”. According to the FAZ, her son was born in 1980 and could not have been looked after by Cohn-Bendit during the period described in his book. The initiator of the 2001 letter explained in an interview with the FAZ: “At that time, my son was not in the university daycare center that the book was about, but in the crèche in the house of the Free School. Parents signed the letter from the university daycare center as well as from our crèche. Later, in 1981, Dany worked as a caregiver for our son, together with a woman. "And" But it is impossible that he could be a pedophile or defend such a school of thought. "

The archive director of the Heinrich Böll Foundation , Christoph Becker-Schaum, mentioned letters of protest and solidarity from parents that are in the archive. Becker-Schaum reported that the relevant file was "sent to the archive from the Cohn-Bendit office with the express request for a blocking note". At the beginning of May 2013, the BILD files could be viewed; it contained no stressful or exonerating moments.

The assessment of the relief was discussed in the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg in a request from the CDU member Matthias Pröfrock and answered by the Green Minister Silke Krebs . Minister Krebs announced: “If you should allude to the case described in the FAZ on April 19, 2013 under the heading 'Mother corrects her discharge from Cohn-Bendits': Mr. Cohn-Bendit worked in a university day-care center and in a crèche . The article states that the mother admitted that her son was not in the university daycare center. But this was not even disputed; because her son was in the crèche and was looked after by Daniel Cohn-Bendit. "

reception

Reception through science

The English-language standard work A History of German Literature - From the Beginnings to the Present Day , published in 1993, mentions the book under the heading The 'literarized' revolt together with autobiographical books by Bommi Baumann and Inga Buhmann .

Reviews of the national press

“Cohn-Bendit's large bazaar is something like a general store for left-wing knowledge and instructions for use. The offer is dazzling, the overview is easily lost. There is talk of Israel and the Jews, of guest workers, the Red Army faction and anarchists, of consumer society and revolutionary morality, of life in Berlin, in the commune, in kindergarten, of the Bild newspaper and of filmmaking. The sociology student from Nanterre with the boyish charm and the razor-sharp mind is not petty in the selection of his topics. "

- Klaus-Peter Schmid : The time

"Cohn-Bendit makes such confessions in a sympathetic frankness in a book [...] a bit of a manifesto, a bit of a memoir: 'The great bazaar' (title), a 'general store for left-wing knowledge', contains many thoughts about guest workers and filmmakers, Judaism and kindergartens - but 'most revealing', as critics of the French edition judged last year, is what the old apo star wrote about his role in Paris May. "

- The mirror

Review in a culture magazine

“He wants to“ sell ”himself in a sympathetic way: after all, you only write the autobiography of your youth once, and the historians of the student movement, who will soon blossom out, have to quote him. Because openness makes people sympathetic, Bendit reveals to us his vanities, his narcissistic convictions ("There can be no left-wing radicalism without me"), his opportunism and his adaptability. "

- Michael Rohrwasser : New forum

Review in left magazines

1976 appeared in the theoretical organ Communism and Class Struggle (KuK) of the Communist Federation of West Germany (KBW) under the title "Cohn-Bendits Lob der Fäulnis" a review of the book by Jürgen Klocke. The Bremen worker and KuK author, referring to Paul Lafargue's praise of laziness, saw the numerous spontaneous groups primarily as “work-shy bon vivants ”. According to Klocke, Cohn-Bendit “resembles a tapeworm, ” which is getting thicker and thicker at the expense of others. The designation of Cohn-Bendits as a parasite and other statements in the review classified Jens Benicke in 2009 as " anti-Semitically coded hate tirades", which consequently resulted in a death threat. According to Klocke, there are only two options: Either Cohn-Bendit would get a useful job from the working class, for example in a fishmeal factory in Cuxhaven, or he would be promoted by the masses to the nearest tree during the revolution. For Benicke, the essay with these statements is an extreme example of the overturning of “work fetishism” into anti-Semitism. The then KuK editor-in-chief Gerd Koenen also admitted that the metaphor “fish meal factory” aroused gloomy associations and made people think not only of labor camps but of extermination camps.

This excerpt from the discussion was published by the Frankfurter Rundschau in the category Skewered and by the magazine Arbeiterkampf ("because the Communist swallows") of the Communist League (KB) and circulated for a long time in the left-wing scene. In the next issue, the editor in charge had to come back to the topic in his editorial under the title Scared reaction .

expenditure

  • Daniel Cohn-Bendit : Le Grand Bazar . Entretiens avec Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon, Maren Sell. 1st edition. Éditions Belfond, Paris 1975, ISBN 2-7144-3010-4 (French, new edition: Le grand bazar: Mai et après. Bibliothèque médiations vol. 175, Denoël / Gonthier, Paris 1978. (fr)).
  • Daniel Cohn-Bendit : The big bazaar . Conversations with Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon, Maren Sell . 1st edition. Trikont-Verlag , Munich 1975, ISBN 3-920385-82-9 (French: Le Grand Bazar . Translated by Thomas Hartmann, the German edition has an additional 27 notes with factual explanations in an appendix on p. 173 f.).
  • Le grand bazar . Denoël / Gonthier, Paris 1975. (en)
  • El gran bazar . Translation from French. Dopesa, Barcelona 1976, ISBN 84-7235-268-4 (= Testimonio de actualidad, 47). (it)
  • Başkaldırının haşarı çocuğu anlatıyor: Hepinizi öpüyorum . Translated from the French by Kemal Başar . Metis Yayınları, Istanbul 1987 (= Yaşadığımız thinya dizisi, 7). (tr)
  • O grande bazar: as revoltas de 1968. Conversas from Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon and Maren Sell . Translated from the French by Caterina Koltai. Editora Brasiliense, Sao Paulo 1988, ISBN 978-85-11-29006-6 . (pt)

literature

Reviews

Reprinted in magazines

  • Daniel Cohn-Bendit: I felt like it . In: Emma . May 1, 2001, ISSN  0721-9741 ( online [accessed April 13, 2014] excerpt from the Little Big Men chapter in "The Great Bazaar").
  • Chapter Little Big Men in the monthly magazine that there as a preprint under the title "At that time in the children's shop" .

Scientific reception

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Meike Fries: Green Help for Pederasts , in: Die Zeit , No. 5, May 16, 2013.
  2. ↑ Kate Connolly: Green party in Germany to investigate backing for paedophiles in 80s , in: The Guardian , May 14, 2013.
  3. ^ Pedophilia accusations haunt green politician , Deutsche Welle , May 4, 2013.
  4. ↑ Christian Füller : Cohn-Bendit's pedophile statements. Dany's fantasies and dreams , in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung , April 29, 2013.
  5. ↑ Comments on sexuality with children: Vosskuhle cancels speech for Cohn-Bendit. In: Spiegel Online . March 14, 2013, accessed June 9, 2018 .
  6. ^ Daniel Cohn-Bendit : The great bazaar . Conversations with Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon, Maren Sell . 1st edition. Trikont-Verlag , Munich 1975, ISBN 3-920385-82-9 , p. 13 (French: Le Grand Bazar . Translated by Thomas Hartmann).
  7. ^ Daniel Cohn-Bendit : The great bazaar . Conversations with Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon, Maren Sell . 1st edition. Trikont-Verlag , Munich 1975, ISBN 3-920385-82-9 , p. 29 (French: Le Grand Bazar . Translated by Thomas Hartmann).
  8. ^ Sabine Stamer : Cohn-Bendit. The biography. Europa Verlag, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-203-82075-7 , p. 74.
  9. ^ Anne Siemens : Through the institutions or into terrorism: The ways of Joschka Fischer, Daniel Cohn-Bendit, Hans-Joachim Klein and Johannes Weinrich. Bischoff, Frankfurt am Main 2006, p. 150. (= Dissertation, University of Munich, 2005)
  10. ^ Daniel Cohn-Bendit : The great bazaar . Conversations with Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon, Maren Sell . 1st edition. Trikont-Verlag , Munich 1975, ISBN 3-920385-82-9 , p. 31 (French: Le Grand Bazar . Translated by Thomas Hartmann).
  11. ^ Daniel Cohn-Bendit : The great bazaar . Conversations with Michel Lévy, Jean-Marc Salmon, Maren Sell . 1st edition. Trikont-Verlag , Munich 1975, ISBN 3-920385-82-9 , p. 70 (French: Le Grand Bazar . Translated by Thomas Hartmann).
  12. ↑ a b allegation of child abuse mother corrects her exoneration of Cohn-Bendit. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, April 19, 2013 ( online )
  13. ↑ I felt like it , in: Emma , May / June 2001.
  14. ↑ Alexander Smoltczyk: "Bettina Röhl - The Last Prisoner of the RAF", Spiegel Reporter , No. 3, February 27, 2001
  15. ↑ http://www.bettinaroehl.de/Daniel_Cohn-_Bendit/Danni_im_Kinderladen/danni_im_kinderladen.html ( Memento from February 3, 2002 in the Internet Archive )
  16. ^ A b c Paul Berman: Power and the Idealists. Or, the Passion of Joschka Fischer and it's aftermath . Soft Skull Press, New York 2005, ISBN 1-932360-91-3 , p. 18.
  17. ↑ a b Rüdiger Gollnick: Sexual violations of boundaries in the teacher-student relationship at state schools (= sex-violence society; 8). Lit Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-643-11931-5 , pp. 195–197.
  18. ↑ http://www.lefigaro.fr/elections-europeennes-2009/2009/06/04/01024-20090604ARTFIG00638-insultes-sur-un-plateau-tele-entre-cohn-bendit-et-bayrou-.php
  19. ↑ http://www.oe24.at/oesterreich/politik/FPOe-schimpft-auf-Cohn-Bendit/521427
  20. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / videos.tf1.fr
  21. ↑ Comments on sexuality with children: Vosskuhle cancels speech for Cohn-Bendit , in: Der Spiegel , March 14, 2013.
  22. ↑ Jan Fleischhauer , René Pfister : Interview with Daniel Cohn-Bendit , in: Der Spiegel , Issue 20, May 13, 2013, pp. 26–29.
  23. ^ The Kinkel-Cohn-Bendit controversy , in: Berliner Zeitung , February 1, 2001.
  24. ↑ Thea Vogel et al. a .: Open letter (PDF; 1.5 MB), January 31, 2001.
  25. ^ Inge Günther: Der Kinderfreund , in: Frankfurter Rundschau , May 17, 2013.
  26. ↑ Daniel Cohn-Bendit on the defensive An honor full of apologies. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , April 21, 2013 ( online )
  27. ^ Theodor Heuss Prize for Cohn-Bendit Dany in the children's shop. In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung , May 28, 2013 ( online )
  28. ↑ Interview with Thea Vogel. ( online ; PDF; 16 kB)
  29. ↑ Christian Füller: Dany's Fantasies and Dreams , in: FAZ of April 29, 2013
  30. ↑ Green politician Cohn-Bendit Secret files opened. In: BILD , May 3, 2013 ( online )
  31. ↑ a b Landtag of Baden-Württemberg, plenary minutes 15/69, May 16, 2013, p. 4178 ( online ; PDF; 3.4 MB)
  32. ↑ Wolfgang Beutin, Klaus Ehlert, Wolfgang Emmerich , Helmut Hoffacker, Bernd Lutz, Volker Meid , Ralf Schnell , Peter Stein , Inge Stephan: A History of German Literature. From the Beginnings to the Present Day . Routledge, London 1993, ISBN 0-415-06034-6 , p. 624.
  33. ↑ Klaus-Peter Schmid: Rumpelstiltskin remembers. Cohn-Bendit describes his role in Paris in May 1968. In: Die Zeit from July 25, 1975 accessed online on April 7, 2014.
  34. ↑ MEMOIRS: Oh, how good. In: Der Spiegel from May 24, 1976 accessed online on April 7, 2014.
  35. ↑ Robert Otto Becker: The dark side of the moon: 90 years of German history . Steinschulte, Wiesbaden 2007, ISBN 978-3-86778-002-5 , p. 81.
  36. ^ Wolfgang Kraushaar : Fischer in Frankfurt: Career of an outsider . Hamburger Edition, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-930908-69-7 , p. 100 f.
  37. ^ Sabine Stamer : Cohn-Bendit. The biography . Europa-Verlag, Hamburg 2001, ISBN 3-203-82075-7 , p. 139.
  38. ↑ Jens Benicke: From Adorno to Mao. About the bad repeal of the anti-authoritarian movement . Ça Ira, Freiburg im Breisgau 2010, ISBN 978-3-924627-83-6 , p. 147 ( From Adorno to Mao , PDF dissertation, University of Munich, 2009, p. 212–213)
  39. ↑ cf. Gerd Koenen : The red decade. Our little German cultural revolution 1967–1977 . Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2001, ISBN 3-462-02985-1 , p. 443.
  40. ↑ cf. Reinhard Mohr : Am I reactionary now? Confessions of an old left . Gütersloher Verlag-Haus, Gütersloh 2013, ISBN 978-3-579-06638-7 .
  41. ↑ Ingrid Karsunke , Karl Markus Michel : Movement in the Republic: New Movements and Return of Everyday Life . Rotbuch-Verlag, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-88022-712-8 , p. 140.
  42. ↑ alternative. Standing leg with Coca , in: Der Spiegel , 32nd edition, August 4, 1986, p. 77.
  43. ↑ cf. Gerd Koenen : The red decade. Our little German cultural revolution 1967–1977 . Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2001, ISBN 3-462-02985-1 , pp. 442-443.
  44. ↑ Frightened reaction , in: Kommunismus und Klassenkampf , No. 7, November 1976, pp. 290-1.
  45. ↑ The heading chosen by Emma does not appear in the book.
  46. ↑ Christian Füller: Dany's fantasies and dreams. FAZ , April 29, 2013, accessed on April 13, 2014 .