Madrid-Barajas Airport

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Adolfo Suarez Madrid-Barajas Airport
Barajas overview1.jpg
Characteristics
ICAO code LEMD
IATA code MAD
Coordinates

40 ° 28 '3 "  N , 3 ° 33' 7"  W Coordinates: 40 ° 28 '3 "  N , 3 ° 33' 7"  W.
Height above MSL 608.99 m (1998  ft )
Transport links
Distance from the city center 12 km northeast of Madrid
train Subway line 8
Basic data
opening 1931
operator AENA
surface 2400 ha
Terminals 4th
Passengers 57,891,340 (2018)
Air freight 518,858 t (2018)
Flight
movements 		409,832 (2018)
Capacity
( PAX per year) 		70 million
Employees > 30,000
Runways
14R / 32L 3988 m × 60 m asphalt
14L / 32R 3500 m × 60 m asphalt
18R / 36L 4179 m × 60 m asphalt
18L / 36R 3500 m × 60 m asphalt

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The Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas Airport ( Spanish Aeropuerto Adolfo Suárez Madrid-Barajas ; IATA : MAD , ICAO : LEMD ) is the international airport of the Spanish capital Madrid , named after the former Spanish Prime Minister Adolfo Suarez . It is the largest and most important aviation hub in Spain and with almost 62 million passengers (2019) one of the largest commercial airports in Europe . Madrid-Barajas is also the most important European hub for flights to Latin America as well as the home airport of the airlines Iberia , Air Europa and Wamos Air and also the base for Ryanair . Until its bankruptcy in January 2012, Spanair also operated an extensive route network from Madrid-Barajas.

In addition to Madrid-Barajas, there are two airports in the Madrid area, Cuatro Vientos and Torrejón, and the Getafe military airfield .

Location and transport links

The airport is located twelve kilometers northeast of the center of Madrid at an altitude of 610 meters.

Street

Car

Terminals T1, T2 and T3 can be reached from the A-2 ( Autovía del Nordeste , Madrid-Saragossa-Barcelona) via exit 12 onto the M-14. Terminal T4 and T4S can be reached from the M-40 Sur via exit 8 onto the M-12 / T4 through the toll tunnel and following the M-12 to the T4 / T4S signs.

Public buses

From all terminals buses run every 10 minutes to central Madrid locations with connections to the metro, RENFE trains or national bus routes.

Express bus Línea Exprés Aeropuerto

This express bus line has been operating since November 2010. It is listed under number 203 and connects the airport with Atocha train station . The buses stop at the airport at terminals T1, T2 and T4. In Madrid, stop on Calle O'Donnell and Plaza de Cibeles . The buses run daily: every 15 to 20 minutes during the day. Every 35 minutes at night. There will be no service at the Atocha stop between 11.30 p.m. and 6 a.m. During this time, the line ends at Plaza de Cibeles - but with the option of changing to the night buses. Special tickets apply, which are only available from the bus driver.

rail

Line 8 has been connected to the Madrid Metro network since June 1998 . To get to the center of the city center (Puerta del Sol / Gran Via), you have to change trains up to two times. The subway connects the airport directly to the Nuevos Ministerios station north of the city center in 15 minutes . From 2002 it was possible to check in luggage directly ; however, this service was discontinued in 2006. The subway has now been extended to Terminal 4. The metro connections to the airport are subject to a surcharge compared to the other subway (surcharge 3 euros one way).

Since September 2011, Terminal 4 has also been connected to the Cercanías Madrid suburban railway network via line C-1 . The trains run through the city's two main train stations, Chamartín and Atocha , as well as the Nuevos Ministerios , Méndez Álvaro and Príncipe Pío transport hubs .

The Madrid Barajas Airport People Mover is a driverless transport system.

history

Exterior view of Terminal T2
Inside view of Terminal T4

At the beginning of 1920, the city administration of Madrid decided to build another airfield in addition to the existing Getafe , Cuatro Vientos and Torrejón de Ardoz airfields in the center of Madrid, which would have enough space for future expansion. The Aeropuerto Barajas was designed by the architect Luis Gutiérrez Soto and the engineer Marqués de los Álamos. Construction began in 1928.

The Aeropuerto Barajas officially went into operation on April 22, 1931. In 1933, what was then the LAPE (Líneas Aéreas Postales Españolas) postal line took up the first commercial route to Barcelona. The first international connections followed in the same year. In 1931 the airfield consisted of a large rectangular green area. In the middle there was a circular white marker with the name of Madrid on it. At the edge of the airfield there were structures such as hangars, warehouses and offices.

In 1944 the first paved railway was built with a length of 1400 meters and a width of 48 meters. In the 1950s, the Barajas railways were given the direction they are used today. The airport was considered the most modern in Europe. In 1954, Iberia's first Lockheed Super Constellation took off on its first flight to New York. The International Civil Aviation Organization classified Madrid-Barajas Airport in category 1 in 1957.

In 1970 the first major renovation and new construction of the handling facilities and terminals took place due to the high volume of large aircraft .

The passenger volume of Barajas has increased continuously since the renovation in 1970. In 1960 there were 900,000 passengers, while in 2007 the peak was reached with 52 million. Thereafter, the number of passengers decreased continuously to just under 40 million in 2013, before a significant increase of 43% to 57.9 million passengers was achieved by 2018.

On July 4, 2013, the airport celebrated its billionth passenger. On March 24, 2014, the Spanish Ministry of Transport announced that the airport would be named in honor of the former Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez (1932-2014).

operator

Madrid-Barajas is currently operated by the state-owned AENA . At the beginning of December 2010, however, the Spanish government announced a possible partial privatization of the AENA and Madrid and Barcelona airports. For this purpose, Madrid Airport is to be spun off into a subsidiary and 90.05% of the capital is to be opened up to a private operator by the end of 2011, who will operate the airport with a 20-year concession.

Furnishing

Sketch of the runways
Service area

Terminal building

Exterior view of the terminal 4

The airport has a total of five terminal buildings for passengers. Terminals T1, T2 and T3 are located in the south of the site, the new Terminal T4 is located northwest of these. The largely independent Terminal T4 Satelite (T4S), which is only connected to the T4 by a subway, is located between the two northern runways and thus east of the T4. T4S is mostly a transit area , this is not legally part of the " Schengen " territory and can only be left after passport control, possibly only with a Schengen visa . T4 and T4S serve as the home base of Iberia and a hub for the oneworld aviation alliance .

The architect of Terminal 4 was the British architect Richard Rogers . The new Terminal T4 with the satellite building T4S was opened on February 5, 2006. With this expansion, Madrid-Barajas became the second largest civil airport in the world in terms of area. The terminal area tripled. 65 gates were added. This means that the airport can handle around 70 million passengers.

Runways

Until 1998 Barajas had two intersecting slopes (18/36 and 14/32). In November 1998 a new runway (today's 18R / 36L) was put into operation. The old runway 18/36 was closed. As part of the expansion of the airport to the terminal T4 two more runs were built parallel to the existing and in 2006 put into operation. Thus, the airport now has four runways: 18R / 36L (new in 1998), 18L / 36R, 14L / 32R (both new in 2006) and 14R / 32L (the former 15/33). All runways are equipped with the latest approach systems and lighting, such as the instrument landing system and VASI .

On September 28, 2006, a new monitoring system for air traffic was introduced, with the aim of gradually increasing flight movements from the current 78 flight movements per hour to 90 and in future 120 take-offs and landings per hour. For this purpose, all four runways have been in use for simultaneous take-offs and landings for the first time since that date, instead of only two as before (one of the two parallel runways).

Traffic numbers and comparison

year 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Passengers (in millions) 0.961 4.158 10.166 16.038 32.829 34.002 33.916 35.856 38.719 42.148 45.530 52.143 50.846 48.271 49.786 49.671 45.102 39.661 41.775 46.828 50,420

Incidents

  • On October 2, 1970, a Douglas DC-7 C of Spantax (EC-ATQ) was irreparably damaged at Madrid-Barajas airport . People were not harmed; other details are not known.
  • On September 30, 1972, a Douglas DC-3 (EC-AQE) of the Spantax crashed during a training flight at Madrid-Barajas Airport when the pilot who was being trained pulled the wheel too abruptly. One of the six crew members was killed.
  • On December 7, 1983, a Boeing 727-200 from Iberia ( EC-CFJ ) and a taxiing Douglas DC-9-32 from Aviaco (registration EC-CGS ) collided, the pilots of which had rolled onto the active runway in the fog. 93 people were killed in the accident, 51 of 93 in the Boeing 727 and all 42 on board the Aviaco aircraft. As a consequence of this accident, all Spanish airports, in particular Barcelona and Madrid, were redesigned so that crossing an active runway is no longer necessary.
  • On December 30, 2006 there was a bomb attack by the Basque separatist organization ETA on a parking deck of the newly opened Terminal T4. Two Ecuadorians were killed in the explosion, which largely destroyed the five-story parking garage ; it was the first death in an ETA attack since 2003. Another 26 people were injured in the attack.
  • On August 20, 2008 at 2:45 p.m., a McDonnell Douglas DC-9-82 (MD-82) of Spanair (EC-HFP) had an accident while taking off from Madrid-Barajas airport. The destination of the flight was Las Palmas de Gran Canaria . The machine sagged again shortly after taking off and went up in flames on the ground next to the runway. 154 of the 172 people were killed, 18 people survived the accident. According to the final report, the crew lost control of the aircraft immediately after take-off. The reason for this was that the aircraft was not configured correctly for take-off because the lift aids were not extended (see also Spanair flight 5022 ) .

See also

Movies

Web links

Commons : Madrid-Barajas airport  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c TRÁFICO DE PASAJEROS, OPERACIONES Y CARGA EN LOS AEROPUERTOS ESPAÑOLES 2017. (PDF; 69 KB) (No longer available online.) In: aena.es. AENA , archived from the original on January 13, 2018 ; accessed on May 16, 2019 (Spanish).
  2. ↑ Para viajar desde / al Aeropuerto (Línea 8) ( Memento from March 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ AENA statistics. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 13, 2017 ; accessed on January 17, 2017 .
  4. ↑ [1]
  5. ↑ El aeropuerto de Madrid- Barajas pasará a denominarse Adolfo Suárez, Madrid-Barajas ( Memento of March 24, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). Ministerio de Formento, March 24, 2014, accessed March 25, 2014
  6. ↑ Article in El Pais of February 26, 2011: Nace la nueva AENA y empieza la privatización de aeropuertos. El Pais, accessed July 10, 2011 (Spanish).
  7. ↑ Press release and presentation on privatization of July 15, 2011. Aena, accessed on July 19, 2011 (Spanish).
  8. ^ Ministerio de Fomento
  9. ^ Accident report Bristol 170 EC-ADI , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on November 11, 2017.
  10. ^ Accident report DC-7C EC-ATQ , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 14, 2018.
  11. ^ Accident report DC-3 EC-AQE , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on January 14, 2018.
  12. ^ Accident report B-727-200 EC-CFJ , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on November 11, 2017.
  13. ^ Accident report DC-9-32 EC-CGS , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on November 11, 2017.
  14. ↑ According to compass . In: Der Spiegel . No. 50 , 1983, pp. 196-197 ( online ).
  15. ↑ Crash: Spanair MD82 at Madrid on Aug 20th 2008, went off runway during takeoff . AVHerald. Retrieved August 11, 2011.