Gregory Winter

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Greg Winter

Sir Gregory "Greg" Paul Winter , CBE (born April 14, 1951 in Leicester ), is a British molecular biologist, Nobel Prize winner and pioneer of monoclonal antibodies and phage display .

Career

Winter studied science at the University of Cambridge , graduated from Trinity College in 1973, and received his PhD from the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology (LMB). He then worked at the LMB and the MRC Center for Protein Engineering (CPE). In 1981 he became program director and from 1994 to 2006 co-director of the Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry department . From 1990 until its closure in 2010, he was Deputy Director of the CPE. From 2006 to 2011 Winter was deputy director and from 2007 to 2008 managing director of the LMB.

Around 1990, Winter developed phage display techniques by George P. Smith so that the phages presented parts of antibodies ( scFv fragments ) on their surface. This enabled a revolution in the production of monoclonal antibodies, especially since Winter tailored the antibodies on a human basis (and not on a mouse basis, for example). For his achievements, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2018 together with Frances H. Arnold and George P. Smith .

Winter was co-head of the Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Biotechnology Division at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge and previously Associate Director at the Medical Research Council's Center for Protein Engineering. In 1989 he was the founder of Cambridge Antibody Technology (sold to Astrazeneca from 2006), which developed the blockbuster drug Adalimumab (HUMIRA) (later marketed and further developed by Abbott Laboratories). It was the first antibody drug (an inhibitor for tumor necrosis factor ) on a purely human basis.

On December 9, 2004, Winter was ennobled by Queen Elizabeth II as a Knight Bachelor ("Sir").

Winter founded other companies, including Domantis, which was sold to GlaxoSmithKline in 2006 , and Bicycle Therapeutics in 2009.

Awards and memberships

  • 1990 Fellow of the Royal Society
  • 1991 Fellow and since 2012 Masters at Trinity College, Cambridge.

Fonts (selection)

  • ES Ward, D. Güssow, AD Griffiths, PT Jones, G. Winter: Binding activities of a repertoire of single immunoglobulin variable domains secreted from Escherichia coli , Nature, Volume 341, 1989, pp. 544-546.
  • J. McCafferty, AD Griffiths, G. Winter, DJ Chiswell: Phage antibodies: filamentous phage displaying antibody variable domains' , Nature, Volume 348, 1990, pp. 552-554.
  • HR Hoogenboom, et al. D. Griffiths, KS Johnson, DJ Chiswell, P. Hudson, G. Winter: Multi-subunit proteins on the surface of filamentous phage: methodologies for diplaying antibody (Fab heavy and light chains) , Nucl. Acid. Res., Vol. 19, 1991, pp. 4133-4137.
  • JD Marks, HR Hoogenboom, TP Bonnert, J. McCafferty, AD Griffiths, G. Winter: By-passing immunization: Human antibodies from V-gene libraries displayed on phage , J Mol Biol. Vol. 222, 1991, pp. 581-597 .
  • T. Clackson, HR Hoogenboom, TP Bonnert, J. McCafferty, AD Griffiths, G. Winter: Making antibody fragments using phage display libraries , Nature, Volume 352, 1991, pp. 624-628.
  • JD Marks, AD Griffiths, M. Malmqvist, TP Clackson, JM Bye, G. Winter: By-passing immunization: Building high affinity human antibodies by chain shuffling , Nat. Biotech., Vol. 10, 1992, pp. 779-783.
  • HR Hoogenboom, G. Winter: By-passing immunization. Human antibodies from synthetic repertoires of germline VH gene segments rearranged in vitro , J Mol Biol., Volume 227, 1992, pp. 381-388.

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology: Greg Winter
  2. ↑ Knights and Dames: WAM-ZUR at Leigh Rayment's Peerage
  3. ^ Nobel laureate in chemistry Gregory Winter at BOKU. In: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna . January 16, 2020, accessed January 22, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Winter, Gregory
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Winter, Sir Gregory Paul (full name); Winter, Greg
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British molecular biologist and pioneer of monoclonal antibodies
DATE OF BIRTH April 14, 1951
PLACE OF BIRTH Leicester