Großvoigtsberg
|
Großvoigtsberg
City large screen
Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′ 25 ″ N , 13 ° 17 ′ 0 ″ E
|
||
|---|---|---|
| Height : | 338 (300-360) m | |
| Area : | 4.54 km² | |
| Residents : | 683 (Dec. 2015) | |
| Population density : | 150 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | March 1, 1994 | |
| Postal code : | 09603 | |
| Primaries : | 037328, 037324 | |
Location of Großvoigtsberg in Saxony |
||
Großvoigtsberg is a district of the Saxon town of Großschirma in the district of central Saxony . It was incorporated on March 1, 1994.
geography
Geographical location
Großvoigtsberg is located on the northern edge of the Osterzgebirge , east of the Zellwald and west of the valley of the Freiberger Mulde in a side valley between Großschirma and Siebenlehn at an altitude of between 300 and 360 m above sea level. NN . The federal highway 101 leads through the village to the west , on which the federal highway 4 , Nossen and Meißen to the north and Freiberg to the south can be reached.
Großvoigtsberg is located directly on the Zellwaldbahn , a section of the largely disused railway line Nossen – Moldau , on which the place also had a train station. This is still used as a museum today.
Neighboring places
| Siebenlehn | Obergruna | |
| Reichenbach |
.svg)
|
Kleinvoigtsberg |
| Large company | High fir |
history
From the foundation of the village to 1545
The birth certificate of the place comes from the year 1224. But that is by no means the foundation date. A border dispute between the Altzella monastery and the knight of Nussin (Nossen) had lasted since 1197 . It was about a piece of the cell forest and a few villages. There are ten documents from the years 1197, 1223, 1224, 1228, 1254 and 1263. The most valuable is that of 1224. It includes the following:
In order to end the dispute between the Altzella monastery and the Knights of Nossen , an impartial court of arbitration was set up. It consisted of the Landgrave Ludwig IV of Thuringia and the bishops Conrad of Hildesheim and Engelhardt of Naumburg . On November 28, 1224 it was decided in this dispute that the villages of Großvoigtsberg (Vogilsberg), Kleinvoigtsberg (minor Vogilsberg) and Großschirma (Scirmea) as well as the relevant part of the cell forest belong to the monastery. The Knights of Nossen had to annul all old documents on this matter that they had previously received from Bishops Gerung and Bruno.
First of all, it is proven that these villages existed before the outbreak of the dispute in 1197. We can also assume that neither the Knights of Nossen nor the Altzella Monastery founded the villages, otherwise they would have been referred to in this dispute. In addition, a rule of the Cistercians, which existed until 1208, forbade the monks to build villages. The villages mentioned are likely to have existed before the monastery was founded in 1162–1175. Furthermore, we learn from the arbitration award of 1224 that the Knights of Nossen had documents from Bishop Gerung relating to this evidence. Since Bishop Gerung died in 1170, we have further evidence that the villages existed before that. If we now take into account that in the deed of the donation of 800 hooves to the Altzella monastery from 1162 it is mentioned that the Margrave Otto the Rich had fief-hoofed villages cleared within this given area at his own expense, we can tell the time determine the foundation of our place pretty precisely. The foundation must have taken place before the issuance of the document 1162, but after the assumption of government of the Margrave Otto. Großvoigtsberg is therefore likely to have emerged within this narrowly limited period of six years between 1156 and 1162. An earlier foundation is unlikely, as on the one hand the text of the deed of donation speaks against it and on the other hand the region was settled fairly evenly during this period. 1159 is assumed to be the founding year, on this basis the local festivals were organized in the past.
The feudal lords were interested in founding villages in their area, as the value of this area was increased and income only came from existing farming villages. Therefore, the feudal lords operated the rural settlement and gave it their support.
A village was founded as follows: The feudal lord commissioned a master settler (locator) to bring settlers from western Germany. There, through numerous inheritance divisions, with a large number of children among the farmers, small businesses had developed that yielded little income. The farmers were burdened with duties and obligations. Therefore, many found themselves ready to move to the east. The master settler preferred young, healthy families in his selection. Many later-born farmer sons could not receive any land from their parents, but they could receive a severance payment , an inheritance consisting of farm implements, cattle , seeds and other useful items. The master settler had mostly traveled west in late autumn, had put together his trek in winter , and in early spring people moved with their belongings to their new home . The place for the new village had been selected and marked out beforehand. In our area we see a very systematic arrangement of the villages Augustusberg , Obergruna , Großvoigtsberg, Großschirma , Tuttendorf , Weigmannsdorf , Helbigsdorf etc. in the left side valleys of the Freiberg Mulde . Something similar can be seen on the right side of the hollow or on other rivers. The side valley led a stream, from which the water so necessary for humans and cattle could be taken. On both sides of the creek, the staked were parcels or plots , called hooves . The settlers built their farms there. Their field strips ran in the direction of the still unearthed forest and there at the edge of the forest the clearing activity began , there the strips were driven further and further into the forest over the centuries until the border of the locality was reached.
Then you met the settlers of the neighboring village, who in turn cleared the former. At first there was always a little forest between the villages. But over the centuries this border forest also disappeared. Such a strip of land was called a hoof, the size of the hooves averaged about 24 hectares in central Saxony . If it is often given significantly smaller, this is probably due to the fact that the arable land available was initially very small, as the larger part of the strip was initially covered with forest. The form of the village described here is known under the name Waldhufendorf .
The settlers first had to build a simple house to be protected from the weather, then they had to cultivate the little land that was available and finally move on with the lifting work. In this way, at least in the first year, and sometimes for several years, they could not raise their own livelihood, and the feudal lord had to help out with seeds and bread grain. Of course, this made the farmers heavily dependent on the landlord from the start . The settlers were free of taxes in the first year. Later, when these newly founded villages had consolidated, they brought the feudal lord's efforts back with a lot of profit. The master settler also received his wages . As a rule, he got two Hufen land in the village, a piece twice as wide as the other farmers. He usually also received the brewery - licensed - and banking Justice (the right to brew beer, and pour out a butcher to entertain). In addition, he was usually village mayor and local judge ( hereditary or liege judge ) for the lower jurisdiction , for the minor offenses. As such, he was entitled to 1/3 of the incoming fines . The office was tied to the estate and consequently inherited in the family (inheritance court). The master settler also mostly managed the village's facilities, and so it often happened that the place was named after him, unless the landlord himself gave the place his name. This is how we can explain the names Berthelsdorf (Bertholdsdorf), Bräunsdorf (Brunodorf), Erbisdorf (Erlwinsdorf) and others. However, this does not apply to Großvoigtsberg, because our place name does not allow us to derive a first name, but a professional or official title.
In older representations one can sometimes find the assumption that a Voigt sat here. The feudal lords exercised jurisdiction over their property themselves. The abbot of the monastery was still allowed to do this, however, because at that time his clergy was forbidden to exercise the office of judge by the ecclesiastical commandments. For this reason, a special judge was usually appointed for ecclesiastical possessions, that was the Voigt. Since Großvoigtsberg belonged to the monastery, one could assume the former seat of a voige in Großvoigtsberg - if it were not known that the margravial house reserved the voigtei over the area of the cell monastery itself. So this place name interpretation must be rejected as incorrect. The first settlers probably gave the place a name that is reminiscent of the old homeland. Many such place names can be found in Hesse , Swabia or Württemberg . Let's assume that the ancestors came from Vogelsberg in Hesse, so we can see a significant similarity in the spelling, because the place name appears in documents as follows:
- 1224: Vogilsberg
- 1234: minor Vogilsberg (Kleinvoigtsberg)
- 1382: from the Vogilsberg
- 1447: Foilsberg
- 1482: Voelsberg
- 1530: Groß Voytsbergk
- 1544: Groß- and Kleinvoigtsberg
The meaning of the name can be given as a mountain settlement with abundant bird flight . The names Vogilsberg and Minor Vogilsberg indicate that Großvoigtsberg is the older. From the village complex and the small parish corridor of Kleinvoigtsberg, one can conclude that this place was not created during the large-scale settlement of our area, but a few decades later, perhaps as a deforestation, whereby the town's founders do not need to come from the Vogelsberg, because there the Place on the outskirts of Großvoigtsberg, it may have taken its name from it. In summary, we can assume with a fair degree of certainty from the founding of our home village that Hessian settlers founded our place as a Waldhufendorf in the period from 1156 to 1162 on behalf and with the support of Margrave Otto.
In 1162, shortly after its foundation, the village was donated to the newly founded cell monastery , to which it belonged until 1545, with the donation of 800 Hufen .
1545 to the present
With the introduction of the Reformation and the secularization of the Altzella monastery, Großvoigtsberg came to the office of Nossen , but in 1562 it was given to his chancellor Ulrich von Mordeisen as a fief for loyal services by the Saxon Elector Moritz . From his inheritance it came to the elector Christian I , which means that around 1590, as an official village, it again belonged to the Electoral Saxon or Royal Saxon Office of Nossen until 1856 . In Großvoigtsberg, witch hunts were carried out in 1669–1709 : five people got into witch trials , their fate is unknown.
From 1856 the place belonged to the judicial office of Nossen and from 1875 to the Amtshauptmannschaft Freiberg . As a result of the second district reform in the GDR , Großvoigtsberg came to the Freiberg district in the Chemnitz district in 1952 (renamed the Karl-Marx-Stadt district in 1953 ), which was continued as the Freiberg district of Saxony from 1990 .
On March 1, 1994 Großvoigtsberg was incorporated into Großschirma. Großvoigtsberg has been part of the Central Saxony district since 2008.
Population development
|
|
|
Mining
The oldest existing documents on mining in Großvoigtsberg date from the 18th century. It took place first in Eigenlehnerzechen. These mines were then often run as a family business. Such self-lean mines existed in Groß- and Kleinvoigtsberg in the years:
|
|
Passed in Hohentanne:
|
|
There are also some among the listed self-lendings. which developed into a trade union pit, including the two large pits in our homeland, Old Hope in Kleinvoigtsberg and Christbeschehrung Erbstolln in Großvoigtsberg. The operating cards of the latter have been available since 1856, but the mine has been yielding since 1833. In 1759 43 men were employed namely 1 layer Meister , 1 Steiger , 2 room Linge, 1 Ganghäuer (also transitions Steiger called), 4 Doppelhäuer , 11 Lehrhäuer, 12 Poch- and laundry workers, 4 Berg servants , 4 pit boys and 3 Ausschläger.
In order to make the ore transport more effective for further processing in the Halsbrücke smelter , the Christbescherunger mine canal was created in 1790–92 , on which the ore was transported by barges.
economy
Agricultural machinery manufacturer Ralle agricultural machinery.
Personalities
- Heinrich Moritz Reichelt (1813–1886), Markscheider, teacher
- Otto Rühle (1874–1943), politician and writer, was born in Großvoigtsberg
literature
- Freiberger Land (= values of our homeland . Volume 47). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1988.
- Gross Voigtsberg . In: August Schumann : Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony. 3rd volume. Schumann, Zwickau 1816, pp. 547-48.
Web links
- City of Großschirma: history of Großvoigtsberg
- Großvoigtsberg in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population figures in the districts of Großschirmas ( memento of the original from February 10, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Status: December 2015, accessed on November 13, 2016)
- ↑ Website about the Grossvoigtsberg museum station
- ↑ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther (ed.): Historisches Ortnamesbuch von Sachsen , Berlin 2001, Volume II, S. 538f, ISBN 3-05-003728-8
- ^ Karlheinz Blaschke , Uwe Ulrich Jäschke : Kursächsischer Ämteratlas. Leipzig 2009, ISBN 978-3-937386-14-0 ; P. 70 f.
- ↑ Manfred Wilde: The sorcery and witch trials in Kursachsen , Cologne, Weimar, Vienna 2003, pp. 551–554.
- ^ The Amtshauptmannschaft Freiberg in the municipality register 1900
- ↑ Area changes from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1994 on the website of the State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , p. 21 (PDF; 64 kB), accessed on November 21, 2010
- ↑ cf. Großvoigtsberg in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. freiberg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Population figures in the districts of Großschirmas ( memento of the original from February 10, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Status: December 31, 2010, accessed January 21, 2012)
