Halo (game series)

Halo
Logo of the series
developer	Bungie (2001-2010) 343 Industries (from 2010) Ensemble Studios (2009)
Publisher	Microsoft Studios
First title	Halo: Battle for the Future (2001, Xbox , Windows , Mac OS )
Last title	Halo: Fireteam Raven (2018, Arcade )
Platform (s)	Xbox, Xbox 360 , Windows, Mac OS, Windows Phone 8 , Xbox One , Arcade
Genre (s)	Ego shooter

Halo is a first-person shooter game series, the individual parts of which were developed by Bungie , 343 Industries and Ensemble Studios for Microsoft Games , now Xbox Game Studios .

development

At the Macworld Conference & Expo 1999 was of Steve Jobs , the trailer of a new strategy Shooters shown, who was at that time still in development. The game was to continue the success of Bungie's marathon series on the Mac, but the rights to what would later become Halo were bought by Microsoft in 2000.

Publications

The first part, Halo: Battle for the Future , was developed as a reference product for the Xbox game console and was released on November 15, 2001. Together with Halo 2 (2004) and Halo 3 (2007), it forms a trilogy. In addition, the offshoots Halo Wars (2009), a real-time strategy game, Halo 3: ODST (2009) and Halo: Reach (2010), both of the latter first-person shooter, were released. Halo Wars and Halo: Reach are located before the first part, whereas Halo 3: ODST is between the second and third part in terms of content. For the 10th anniversary of the start of Xbox sales, the new development studio 343 Industries developed a new edition of the first part under the name Halo: Combat Evolved Anniversary (2011).

The Reclaimer trilogy started with Halo 4 (2012) and generated revenues of $ 220 million within the first 24 hours. Halo 4 was 343 Industries' first game. The top-down shooter Halo: Spartan Assault was released in July 2013 and used an isometric perspective similar to Halo Wars . Even Halo: Spartan Strike of April 2015 is a top-down shooter. The successor in the series of first-person shooters Halo 5: Guardians then appeared in October 2015 exclusively for the Xbox One. Previously, a compilation of Halo 1 erschien4 was released in early November 2014, remastered as a complete box exclusively for Xbox One under the title Halo  - The Master Chief Collection ; It also included a pre-release version of Halo 5: Guardians multiplayer .

In 2017 Halo Wars 2 , the successor to the strategy game Halo Wars, was released .

The latest already available part of the Halo series was released in 2018 and is called Halo: Fireteam Raven . This game is only offered as an arcade game .

At the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2018, Halo Infinite was announced through a trailer , which should also be the sequel to the plot of Halo 5: Guardians . Halo Infinite is based on 343 Industries ' Slipspace Engine and will offer a playable full version on Microsoft Windows 10 . The game is with Microsoft's next generation console Xbox Series X appear.

Special features of the Halo series

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The Halo series has a detailed background story, which is also deepened outside of the actual gameplay, among other things in a separate series of books. The first part of the series contained some innovations when it was released in 2001, which were influential for the first-person shooter genre. In addition to Red Faction and Tribes 2 (both also released in 2001), Halo: Fight for the Future was one of a series of first-person shooters in which the use of different vehicles was integrated into the game. The control scheme developed in Halo for this, in which the perspective changes from the first person perspective to the third person perspective , became the model for many later implementations of vehicle controls in first person shooters. Another difference to the common standard is the lack of armor components to pick up. Instead, there is a protective energy shield in Halo that regenerates itself once the player is out of fire. This results in its own game dynamics, in which the regular search for cover during the fight plays a bigger role.

The player cannot collect all the weapons available in the game, as is usually the case, but has to choose two weapons each, which he carries with him, but which can be exchanged for other weapons when the opportunity arises. In addition, grenades can be thrown regardless of the weapon used. Due to the close combat function, the butt of the carried weapon can be struck. These concepts were not exactly inventions for Halo. In their connection, however, they created a new kind of gameplay that became the model for many later first-person shooters.

Graphic details, such as the individually recognizable blades of grass, were used to this extent for the first time at Halo. In previous computer games, they were simply painted onto the texture of the ground .

action

The action begins 100,000 years before the events of the game series. At this point in time there is a dominant species in space called the Blood Fathers, which uses the most advanced of technologies and is dedicated to the protection of all life. However, the rise of the Blood Fathers comes to an abrupt end when the Flood appear. The flood are aggressive parasites that want to spread ruthlessly across the entire galaxy. So they overrun the existing civilizations in a short time. After realizing the extent of the threat posed by the Flood far too late, the Blood Fathers develop the Ark. The ark is an installation that creates ring worlds, so-called halos. Halos are ring-shaped energy weapons. When the Flood seem to be winning the war, the Blood Fathers are forced to activate the Halos. With the exception of the species saved by the blood fathers, all life is wiped out. Shortly afterwards, the blood fathers disappear, presumably they did not survive the disaster.

Several thousand years later, humanity under the United Nation Space Command, using the slipstream, colonized many worlds outside the solar system. However, tensions prevail among the colonies and the UNSC, resulting in civil war in the Inner and Outer Colonies. In order to master the situation, the UNSC relies on the SPARTAN II super soldiers, or Spartans for short.

In 2525 contact with the planet Harvest breaks off. It turns out that the theocratic alliance is behind the attack, an alliance of several alien races. The leadership of the Alliance declares the people to be the enemy, since people are seen as an insult to their gods, and begins their systematic extermination. After the UNSC tried in vain to repel the Alliance, the Cole Protocol came into force. It forbids any ship to fly to a human planet in the event of defeat. The Spartans themselves prove to be extremely efficient in fighting the Alliance, but are too few to be decisive in the war.

When the Inner Colonies are about to be extinguished in 2552, all surviving Spartans are ordered to the planet Reach, which is not only a center for science and technology, but also the main shipyard for the UNSC forces and the last bulwark before Earth. The UNSC's plan is to board an Alliance ship, find out where the Alliance originated, and capture its leaders in order to force a truce.

Two days before the mission begins, Alliance forces unexpectedly attack Reach. When the planet is bombarded, its surface melts into glass. However, the ship UNSC Pillar of Autumn escapes the Alliance in time and, in accordance with the Cole Protocol, flees to the unknown space. On board is what is believed to be the last SPARTAN II soldier, Master Chief Petty Officer John-117. She finds a halo installation, which is immediately covered by fierce fighting between the alliance and the people. By mistake, when exploring the installation, the flood is released, which tries to escape from the ring in order to be able to spread again. With the help of 343 Guilty Spark, the Master Chief and the Illuminate, as Spark calls themselves, try to activate the halo structure. In the control room, however, Cortana, an AI from UNSC, warns that the ring will be activated and explains to the Master Chief that activating the ring would mean the extinction of all life in the galaxy. So that the Flood remains contained, they both decide to overload the Autumn's reactor against Spark's will, which leads to the destruction of the ring. The two then return to earth as the supposedly only survivors.

Just a month after the defeat on Reach, the Alliance attacks the earth under the leadership of a hierarch, the Prophet of Pity. The small attack fleet, however, is devastatingly defeated in orbit of the earth, with the exception of the carrier Regret - which lands in New Mombasa. Shortly afterwards, he himself disappears into hyperspace. However, the ship UNSC In Amber Clad - in which the Master Chief is also located - can regret it. The crack leads to another halo ring on which the Master Chief manages to kill the Prophet. Before the Prophet's death, internal unrest in the Alliance leads to civil war between the different races of the Alliance. The principle that the activation of the rings leads to transcendence , the so-called Great Journey, is now being questioned by the elites, the previously dominant caste of the Alliance, and they split off from the Alliance under the leadership of Thel 'Vadam. This change of mind comes around the time he is appointed ruler. In this way, the activation of the halos by the Alliance can be prevented with the help of the combined forces of people and elites. However, the halos put themselves in a wait state, which means that they can be fired from the ark at any time, according to Spark.

The Master Chief can hide on a ship that leads the largest invasion fleet to date against the earth, and lands in East Africa. There the Alliance tries to recover an artifact. It turns out that it is the portal to the ark that we were looking for. With the help of the Lord, the Master Chief manages in time to prevent the last hierarch, the Prophet of Truth, from activating the rings. Knowing that the ark is outside the Milky Way and can thus escape the effect of the halos, the Flood also reaches the ark with the help of its central intelligence, the Gravemind, and tries to spread from there. By chance, the Master Chief discovers that the Ark is in the process of rebuilding the first destroyed halo ring. He activates the ring, which self-destructs the unfinished ring and badly damages the ark. The portal to earth collapses and only the master escapes in time. The Master Chief is in the destroyed and split off rear part of the Forward Unto Dawn, which is now drifting uncontrollably through space. Cortana sends a distress signal while the Master Chief is cryogenically frozen. Finally, the wreck flies towards a mysterious planet.

Four years later, Cortana wakes him up again. This is due to an attempted hijacking of his ship by a Sangheili-led alien fleet. In an attempt to defend his ship, John notices that the ship has drifted in close proximity to the blood father planet Requiem. Through a gravity funnel it is sucked into this planet together with the Sangheil fleet. Once there, he receives radio messages from UNSC Infinity, which are then sucked into the planet. The Infinity is the largest and most powerful battleship of mankind to date, it has countless advanced technologies of the blood fathers. Requiem is a shield world that was built to serve as a bunker against the halo effect. However, this station was later converted into a prison to imprison the didactician. With the help of a deception, he manages to free himself. Its goal is to wipe out humanity. To do this, he goes to one of the halos in order to recover the stored producer, a weapon of mass destruction, and to station it above the earth. After a battle, John-117 succeeds in stopping the teacher and destroying the weapon with a nuclear warhead. In order to prevent mankind from accessing further technology of the blood fathers, the alliance transports the planet Requiem into the sun and thus annihilates it. Dr. Halsey, the hated inventor of the Spartans, turns against humanity by allying herself with the remnants of the Alliance and swears vengeance.

Factions

The alliance

The alliance is an alliance of various religious alien peoples that emerged from the prophets and the elites after the end of a religious war. This happened after the prophets found a way to achieve transcendence. This would require the halos - space stations built by the blood fathers believed to be gods - which are located somewhere in the Milky Way. This process was called the Great Journey.

Since then, the elites have been busy protecting the prophets and leading expeditions into space in order to find more technologies of their supposed gods. After other peoples joined the Alliance, a caste system was formed, headed by the elites and prophets. In some phases, however, civil wars also broke out, which almost led to the dissolution of the alliance. With the entry of the Brutes, the elites also got a strong competitor who tried to gain the favor of the prophets.

With the discovery of humans, a new age was proclaimed, at the end of which the extinction of humanity was to stand. The reason for this was that the prophets saw people as an insult to their gods. In the course of the war, people are almost brought to the brink of annihilation. However, when it was discovered that the halos are in fact super weapons and not bring salvation, a civil war broke out between the Brutes, supported by the Prophets, and the elites. With the support of the people, the separatists of the alliance ultimately won, which led to their dissolution. Even so, most of the species that were former members of the Alliance were commonly referred to as the Alliance.

UNSC / UNEC / UEG

The Unified Earth Government (UEG for short) forms the world government and represents all of humanity. The government was founded at the same time as the military, the United Nations Space Command (UNSC for short), after the first interplanetary war. Since the 24th century, the military also took care of the implementation of the decisions of the UEG and expanded into various systems.

As a result, however, the area became increasingly difficult to control. As a result, several colonies tried to break away from the UEG, but this was put down by the UNSC. The uprisings grew almost into a rebellion when suddenly the Alliance attacked and reunited the people.

With the end of the war, a golden age seems to be beginning for the UEG. The UEG, along with the UNSC, is the only stable government in the known galaxy.

species

Blood fathers

The blood fathers are initially the dominant species in the galaxy. You are sure of yourself that they were created by their predecessors, their predecessors. Their general belief is called the task and is to ensure the protection of all living beings. However, people contest this task with the blood fathers and wage war against the blood fathers. At the end of it, people are technologically downgraded and fall back into the Stone Age.

Weakened by the war against humans, however, the blood fathers cannot stop the invasion of the flood parasite. After three hundred years of war, the blood fathers' strength has been drained. Therefore, the halos are being built to kill all life in the galaxy and then to resettle the races of the Milky Way.

The librarian

The librarian is a female blood father who holds the title of life shaper in the life researcher class. The librarian is the wife of the educationalist whom she married nearly a thousand years before the war against the people. When exactly she becomes a life shaper is unknown. At the beginning of the war against humans, however, she already held this rank. With the beginning of the war, the didactic advocates the annihilation of people, as they are a threat to the plans of the blood fathers. The librarian is against it.

During the human-blood-father war

In the course of and towards the end of the war, the didactic and librarian's opinions about people change. Above all, she is deeply dismayed by the decision that people have been downgraded evolutionarily. However, the didactic person perceives this as a just punishment. When it turns out that people were actually on the run from the flood and were inferior to them, she promises to help people to rise again.

War on the Flood

The didactician went into exile because he was disappointed in the preparations for the fight against the Flood. The librarian's wife, however, is sure that she would still need the help of the didactic in the war against the Flood and brings the crypt in which the didactic is locked to earth and adapts the genetic code of some people to help the didactic right time to wake up. She knows the halos would detonate, so she rescues a few of each species and puts them on the ark. Since the ark's capacity alone is not enough, it brings some species to various sword worlds such as B. Installation 04 under. After the halos have been ignited, these are not only integrated at the respective places of origin, but also partly on sword worlds, shield worlds and the ark.

She notices that the didactic is against the ignition of the halos and has decided to transform the people into Promethean jumpers with the help of the producer to fight the flood. However, she herself considers it morally questionable to sacrifice people for this task. So she decides to keep the didactic specialist in a cryptum on Requiem and creates a digital image of herself. It stipulates that later on, people would find the didactician to teach them the task.

death

It is unknown whether the librarian is really dead. However, according to one transmission, it remains on Earth when the halo effect sets in. However, the human Chakas suspected that she is still somewhere and living.

During the Reclaimer conflict

After John-117 and later the UNSC Infinity have made an emergency landing on Requiem, the chief is supposed to find and neutralize the gravity funnel with the help of the Gipsy Company, as it makes an escape from Requiem impossible. In the course of these events, the chief is separated from the rest of the unit and finds himself in a blood father building. There he passed out after a short time and met the AI ​​of the librarian in a mixture of dream and vision, who explained to him what the didactician is up to and that due to some unique gene sequences she planned, he was the only one in him who did the didactic could stop. After these sequences have been activated by her, she disappears from John's consciousness and he wakes up again inside the building. What happens to the AI ​​afterwards is unclear. However, the UNSC is trying to find this using the Copernicus Base. During the Requiem campaign, the Alliance, led by Jul 'Mdama, finds the librarian's shrine, where they suspect she is. However, your efforts to activate it have been unsuccessful for a long time. Only the captured Henry Glassman can activate the shrine, whereby only a protective shield is formed, but the shrine remains inaccessible. When Catherine Halsey is later kidnapped by the UNSC Infinity in a lightning attack by Promethean jumpers, she manages to deactivate the shield and enter the shrine. There she meets the librarian who gives her the Janus key.

The didactician

The didactician is initially the leader of the blood patriarchal forces in the war against the people. After the war, however, he warns of the Flood invasion and tries to enforce his defense plans. However, he is outvoted and the building of the halos is commissioned. Disappointed, he withdraws from politics and goes into exile. He will be resurrected shortly before the end of the war. The didactic then tries to find a solution alongside the genocide through the halos. He can find one, but he has to sacrifice people for it. The didactician's wife prevents this, however, and locks him in on his own world Requiem.

At the end of the war, the didactician is resurrected and starts again to destroy humanity. However, he is stopped by the Master Chief.

Promethean jumper

The Promethean jumpers are a unit created by the blood fathers from digitized people and Prometheans who are subject to the command of a blood father.

history

The original task of the jumpers is to contain the flood, since the jumpers cannot be attacked by the flood. As the last solution, they are devised by the didactician and require a digitized mind as the raw material. In doing so, the person's body is dissolved by the creator, causing them to lose their free will and mind. The Prometheans sacrificed themselves to stop the Flood, giving up their form in the process. The new troops are effective, but too few to be decisive for the war. So the didactic decides to create the people, because they have a war guilt in his eyes.

The librarian sees this as betrayal and the didactic's helpless attempt not to give up the task. She then betrays him and locks him up with the jumpers on Requiem.

construction

A jumper is probably made of hard light. The design is animalistic and is believed to be partly intended to intimidate the enemy. When they scream, they bare a glowing skull. A jumper has a total of four arms. Two have five fingers each, the rest are armed with weapons. Despite the fact that the jumpers are made of hard light, they have their own weight. So that the actual matter of the jumper cannot be damaged, it is protected by a shield made of hard light. The armament consists of a Z-180 Scattershot or a light trifle, which are located on the right arm. Sometimes the jumpers also use the suppressor, a kind of machine gun. A hard light blade is integrated in the other hand, which he uses to defend himself in close combat.

There are also Promethean knights. They have the ability to teleport to different places in an emergency. Each individual seems to have their own observer, who is located in a small space within their armor on the back. If necessary, a flap can be opened on this, from which an observer can shoot out. The observers are designed as support units and are therefore equipped with various offensive and defensive capabilities. This enables them to catch grenades thrown by the player and throw them back. They also fly in front of allied units, and project a very durable hard light shield to protect their allies. They also actively attack the enemy, as they are equipped with an integrated bolt pistol.

alliance

Grunts (unggoy)

Grunts belong to the lowest class of the Alliance. They have a high voice and are slightly reminiscent of little monkeys, but they are arthropods . They breathe methane, which is why they always appear with a breathing mask and a triangular methane tank on their backs. Alone grunts are not a great threat, but in a larger group and with an elite or breeding warrior at the head, they become dangerous opponents. The Grunts represent the vast majority of soldiers of the Alliance and therefore also the infantry . Due to the Grunts' high propensity to reproduce, they are mainly used as cannon fodder to prevent overpopulation.

In Halo: Fight for the Future , the Grunts use plasma pistols, needle launchers and grenades, as well as plasma launchers (later anti-aircraft guns). Starting with Halo 2 , stationary plasma rifles are also added, which can be very effective. Their rank can be recognized by their armor color: orange for standard infantry, red for non-commissioned officers, green for support and white for ultras.

Jackals (kig-yar)

The kig-yar resemble vultures in appearance. In combat you either rely on a combination of a portable protective shield, which has a hitable weak point, and a plasma gun, or from Halo 2 on a particle rifle or in Halo 3 on a carbine. Jackals are probably a bit higher than grunts, but they still don't have more rights. Originally they were supposed to replace the Grunts as the backbone of the infantry, but this was not possible due to a lack of discipline - the jackals were a pirate people before joining the Alliance. Instead, they are now used as scouts and snipers, as they have exceptionally good eyesight and a keen sense of smell.

For the first time in Halo Reach , a new class of jackals appears, the so-called skirmishers. They form a new force within the Alliance Army and mostly go into battle with the focus rifle. Skirmishers differ from normal jackals in their agility and in the characteristic armguards, which are supposed to protect them from injury. Skirmishers are much more dangerous than normal jackals because they open fire with greater precision and from a greater distance.

Drones (yanme'e)

Winged insectoid aliens, mostly appearing in large flocks, who use only the plasma pistol or the needle thrower and are seen as a serious threat due to their agility and the confusion caused by the hectic movements in the air. The drones are excellent fighters that are very difficult to defeat. Not present in the first part. In some of the novels they appear as mechanics. They have a strong dislike of the Huragok breed as they are better mechanics and are generally preferred.

Hunter (Lekgolo / Mgalekgolo)

The Lekgolo are a species of semi-intelligent worms that live together in colonies. The Alliance has tamed the Lekgolo for military purposes. For this purpose, special combat suits have been designed in which there is space for a colony from Lekgolo and thus practically forms a unit. These units are called Mgalekgolo.

The Mgalekgolo combat suits are made from a metal alloy normally used for the hull of heavy cruisers. At the points where the hands should normally be, a plasma cannon is integrated into the armor on the right and a metal shield on the left. The armor cannot be penetrated by conventional infantry weapons, so infantrymen have only one chance if they aim at the exposed hips, back, or neck of the Mgalekgolo. They always fight in pairs. If a lek colony becomes too big for one armor, the superfluous are put in a second armor. There is a great bond between the two. There are also a few golden Mgalekgolo that are also used individually. They are much stronger than the smaller blue Mgalekgolo and have a stronger weapon.

In addition, they are also used in larger systems as a replacement for artificial intelligence. They are also able to control larger robots like the Scarab.

Elite (Sangheili)

The elites are the co-founders of the alliance and are among its strongest members. A single elite warrior can be life threatening, especially when supported by a few grunts. Like the Masterchief, elites have a regenerative shield that protects them from damage of any kind. As an alternative or in addition, you can also carry an active camouflage device with you, which makes you almost invisible. Like those of the Grunts, the ranks of the elites are defined by armor in different colors. Blue is used by normal warriors, red by veterans, silver / black by the so-called ship or fleet masters, the most battle-tested among them, and gold by generals. A new ranking system appears for the first time in Halo Reach . Here one has to distinguish between the subordinates, the spec-ops, the rangers, the ultras and the zealots. In the online multiplayer mode, the ranks of the generals and field marshals also appear (names translated into German ). After the civil war broke out in the Alliance, realizing the terrifying truth about the galactic destruction that the rings would wreak when activated, the elites sided with the UNSC.

The master

Here the twentieth master Thel 'Vadam is dealt with, since all previous masters are immaterial for the course of the Halo story, and he is the only master , except in Halo: Wars , that occurs in the notable Halo universe.

This Sangheili commander was a Supreme Commander and the fleet master of the CSO supercarrier Ascending Justice. It was the fleet that Facility 04 had discovered and everything was done to chase the people away. First he lost the first ring world to the people when they wanted to destroy it. The surviving humans hijacked Rising Justice and the ship was later destroyed by a suicide squad on an Alliance fleet base in space. However, this meant that many enemy ships could be destroyed and an attack on Earth delayed for the time being. This was also the reason why the prophets called the former commanders a heretic and tortured them. However, he was not, as usual, executed in public, but appointed as ruler. From then on, as a tool of the prophets on their official mandate, he was to lead the alliance to victory and destroy all heretics and infidels. In the course of the game Halo 2 , however, the master is thrown into an abyss by the brutes on behalf of the last prophet. Thus the last unnecessary ballast would be thrown off for the prophet. However, the master is saved from death by the Gravemind of the Flood and sent together with his greatest enemy to date, the Master Chief, to prevent the activation of the halos. He has been at the Chief's side ever since he was betrayed by the Prophets and his entire species is now at war with the Prophets and the Brutes.

The Shipmaster (Rtas' Vadum)

Rtas' Vadum is Commander of the Alliance's Special Operations and later became one of the leaders of the Alliance Separatists, Shipmaster of Shadows of Intent and Fleet Master of the Fleet of Retribution. He was also the only known Special Operations Commander in the Alliance's military system to date.

Brutes (Jiralhanae)

The Brutes are the Alliance's berserkers. These muscular beings, some of which are reminiscent of gorillas and some of bears, only joined the Alliance late, but during the civil war they took on the role of the elite to protect the prophets. They are not particularly intelligent and have many animal characteristics, but make up for this with strength and speed. They do not have an energy shield, but because of their strong build they are at least as steadfast as an elite. They usually use alliance weapons, or mostly grenade launchers, but are the only members of the alliance who are not afraid to use human weapons when they can. When brutes are provoked, they go into a kind of rage, throw away their weapons and try to kill their opponents with their claws with astonishing speed.

Chief of the Brutes

The chief of the brutes is equivalent to the master. There have been many disputes in the past.

"A bloody fate awaits you and the rest of your incompetent race ... And I, Tartarus, chief of the Brutes, send you there!"

- Tartarus : in conversation with the master Thel 'Vadam

Tartarus was the chief of the Jiralhanae and successor to his uncle Maccabeus. After the humans first came into contact with the Brutes, Maccabeus was seriously injured in the leg. Tartarus has always been a very power-hungry brute and unceremoniously challenged the injured Maccabeus to fight. Maccabeus had to assume that it would be a shame to refuse a fight. Ordinarily the other Brutes would despise Tartarus, but since no one was as strong as he, the fight could not be prevented. Maccabeus was killed and Tartarus got the fist of Rukt, a legendary hammer and symbol of rule. It is passed on from generation to generation.

Tartarus was the last known chief of the Jiralhanae, he was killed by Thel 'Vadam in 2552. After the death of Tartarus no chief was ever appointed again, and Rukt's fist was lost.

There are no known chiefs before Maccabeus.

Prophets (San 'Shyuum)

The three prophets, named Truth, Regret, and Grace, form the leadership of the Alliance. These relatively harmless beings sit in a sliding or flying armed throne that even allows them to teleport over short distances. Undoubtedly, the prophets are by far the oldest race in the Alliance and are believed to be the most developed. The prophets belong to an absolute minority within the alliance because their home planet was badly devastated in the time before the alliance was founded. At the beginning of the conflict between the Alliance and the humans, according to truth, there were two million San 'Shyuum, who developed from only about a thousand survivors of the destruction of their homeworld. This has also made inbreeding a widespread problem in the breed. By incorrectly interpreting the ancient scriptures, the so-called Blood Fathers, they have come across the belief that the activation of the rings will confer divinity upon them. For example, regret preaches through a holoconsole: "I stir up the purifying flame and burn a path to divinity!"

Once upon a time the San 'Shyuum were allied with the humans and fought against the blood fathers. After long years of war, the people lost the war and were punished by the fact that the blood fathers downgraded them in their development. The San 'Shyuum surrendered shortly before the defeat, which is why they were not demoted, instead they were no longer allowed to build weapons and were sealed off from the rest of the universe. Several centuries later, their home was destroyed by the Supreme Builder of the Blood Fathers by means of a halo, as they illegally re-armed and rebelled.

Engineers (Huragok)

The Allianz engineers are mentioned several times in the novels and play an important role in the Alliance's caste system, which is based on imitation and assimilation. They won't appear until Halo 3: ODST, however . They are able to research technologies by disassembling the corresponding device and putting it back together again, which happens through their many tentacle-like arms at an incredible speed for the human eye. Although the engineers maintain and develop most of the Alliance's weapons, they are absolutely peaceful beings themselves who would not even attack troops of the UNSC warring with the Alliance.

The Flood

The flood (English "Flood", pseudo- Latin : Inferi redivivus "Resurrected Dead") occurs for the first time in level 343 Guilty Spark of the first Halo part. They are a kind of parasite that attacks and controls organic living things.

The only known case who survived the flood infection without mutating is Sgt. Johnson. The books indicate that it is probably related to his nerve tissue ( brain tumor ) damaged by Borens syndrome . Borens Syndrome is caused by a higher dose of radiation that was triggered by Johnson using multiple plasma grenades while fighting the Alliance. After being infected by the Flood, the tumor disappeared and since then Sgt. Johnson has shown increased resistance to all diseases and injuries, and his body regenerates faster than normal people. The UNSC is in the process of investigating this fact in order to develop an antidote to flood infections (In the books, the records of Johnson's immunity are not given to the UNSC secret service, but destroyed by the Master Chief).

Gravemind

The Gravemind (pseudo-Latin: Inferi Sententia "Dead Mind") appears for the first time in Halo 2 , is the largest flood shape and the mushroom brain is the flood. Presumably it consists of a large biomass with the ability to speak. He saves the Master Chief when he fell into a lake in Halo Delta after killing the Prophet of Regret. He then tries to team up the Master Chief and the Lord to keep the other two prophets from activating Installation 05 (Halo Delta). Meanwhile, the Gravemind goes with the In Amber Clad to High Charity , the Holy City of the Alliance. He thus betrays the Master Chief and the master in order to escape from Halo Delta.

Flood infection

Flood infection can spread in two ways, either by inhaling a flood spore directly, or after a form of flood infection has rammed a tentacle into a host's spinal cord. The form of infection creeps into the host's body, switches off its mind and then extends its tentacles into the entire body of the host (through veins, arteries, etc.). The host then mutates either into a so-called fighting form, or into a carrier form. The flood form of infection strengthens the muscles in the host's body far beyond its natural level, making it stronger and, above all, more effective in close combat. The muscles tear over time, but since the fighting form feels no pain, this fact can be ignored.

People

Master Chief

John was born on March 7th, 2511. He grew up with his parents in the city of Elysium City, which is located on a planet in the Eridanus system. At the age of six, he was selected by Catherine Halsey as a potential candidate for the top-secret SPARTAN II program. He is a perfect candidate because he is in good physical and mental shape. He also has something that the others didn't: luck. In the same year, he and 74 other children are kidnapped and replaced by quick clones, who quickly die to cover up the kidnapping. They are all transported to Reach. Dr. Halsey informs them of the Spartan program and tells them that they are now the defenders of the earth and all of its colonies. The next day he receives his uniform and his service ID, John Petty Officer Master Chief 117. John now trains with other candidates under the guidance of Senior Chief Petty Officer Franklin Mendez. For eight years he is trained, drilled and perfected in handling weapons. During the training he befriends Kelly-087 and Samuel-034. Mendez and Halsey saw John's ability during the course of training and declared him squad leader.

At the age of 14, John participates in the dangerous process of artificially improving skills. Only half of the young Spartans survived this procedure. John and 33 others are the only ones who survive this process completely unscathed while the rest of them suffer from severe physical disabilities. It is said that at the age of 14, John had the body of an 18-year-old athlete. This is possible because the injections make the Spartan's muscles denser, the bones thicker, and their reflexes faster. After they are done with the improvements they will be sent to the UNSC Atlas to improve their skills in microgravity environments. During his first stay, he is confronted with five ODSTs whose sergeant ordered them to fight John in the boxing ring. Two of the ODST die while the others are seriously injured. In retrospect, it was possible to find out that this was staged by MND in order to test the new capabilities of the SPARTAN-II.

Cortana

Cortana is from a copy of the mind of Dr. Catherine Elizabeth Halseys originated. There are a total of twenty such copies, but only a limited number of these is suitable for development into AI. This process creates a complete picture of the person's mind, including all memories, thoughts, opinions and values. The visual appearance of Cortana also corresponds roughly to Halsey's appearance, which corresponds to adolescence. Over time, their knowledge and creativity grows, but this also leads to a change in their character. She becomes wild, cynical and cold and attacks John-117 verbally more and more often, which is particularly noticeable in Halo 4. Such behavior presumably occurs with all AIs after an operating time of around seven years and leads to their self-destruction in the long term.

Sergeant Major Avery Junior Johnson

In 2489, Avery Johnson enrolled with the United Nations Space Command Marine Corps and became one of the volunteers who signed up for the ORION project. Here Johnson's skills are improved through hard training and biological modifications. Due to this improved training, Johnson is qualified for various operations such as CHARLEMAGNE, KALEIDOSKOP or TANGLEWOOD.

Because of his outstanding achievements, Johnson is promoted to UNSC Staff Sergeant by UNSC Naval Special Warfare, a division of the UNSC that leads special operations both within Unified Ground Command and the Navy.

As Staff Sergeant, Johnson was given command of a squad of three Marine Corps soldiers and another squad, led by Nolan Byrne, to raid a bomb workshop on the industrial planet Tribute. In this operation, the two squads manage to infiltrate the workshop, capture some rebels who have been involved in the production of the bombs and ask them about the current position of the bombs.

After the Marines have found the location of the bombs, they take their AV-14 Hornets to the specified location. Once there, Johnson eliminates the driver of the heavy truck that was supposed to bring the bombs into the city with the help of his M99 Stanchion. When the Marine Squad, which is subordinate to Byrne, is storming the rest stop previously visited by the driver, it turns out there is a bomb in the restaurant.

A woman in the restaurant pulls a detonator when the marines arrive and takes a four-year-old hostage. Although Johnson was given clearance to shoot, he did not fire because he was unable to hit the target without injuring the hostage. Before Avery can act, the hostage's father jumps up from the chair and tries to overpower the hostage-taker. However, this activates both a bomb in her handbag and the bombs outside, which are housed in tires. Three members of Bravo Squad die in the explosion, Byrne himself is seriously injured, and Avery's Alpha Squad Marines are slightly injured.

Captain Thomas J. Lasky

Thomas "Tom" J. Lasky, captain of UNSC INFINITY, was born on August 15, 2512 on Mars and is the son of high UNSC officer Colonel Lasky. His older brother Cadmond Lasky is a member of the ODST and is killed by insurgents. As a teenager he comes to the Corbulo Academy, but later it turns out that Lasky is severely allergic to cryoprethalin, which is used in cryosleeping, which makes him unfit for military service. At the Corbulo Academy he meets his comrade and friend Chyler Silva, with whom he falls in love. At the beginning of the Alliance attack on Circinius IV, John-117 rescues Lasky and his squad from the Corbulo Camp. During the skirmishes, Lasky receives Silvia's badge from Chyler in the face of death. She dies of a shot in the torso. Lasky, John-117 and others reached the pelican after a fight with a hunter, with which they were able to escape in time.

At a young age he served as a pilot until he was promoted to officer. After the Human Alliance War, he became the first officer of UNSC Infinity. Thomas Lasky found the distress signal of the UNSC Forward Unto Dawn, in which Master-Chief John-117 was and flew there until he noticed that he was being sucked into a suction by the blood-father planet Requiem like the Master-Chief was before. He crashed with the entire UNSC Infinity and hit the interior of Requiem. After some skirmishes with the Alliance, he saved the Master Chief. After further battles with the alliance and the didactic, Lasky and John-117 saved the earth in the battle for orbit. In addition, Lasky led the attacks on the blood father planet Requiem in order to have a free path in orbit. With the fourth generation Spartans, he won the battle for Requiem, and he and Spartan IV Sarah Palmer saved an artifact from the planet.

The world of Halo in general

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

The background story of the Halo games and, above all, the nature of the Halo universe is recognizable in various places, inspired by Larry Niven's hard science fiction universe from the Ringwelt romance cycle, but also differs in various details. The Ringworlds in Halo are much smaller than Larry Niven's Ringworld. While the diameter of its ring world is close to the earth's orbit diameter of 300,000,000 km, the diameter of a halo with 10,000 km is only similar to the earth's diameter of 12,756 km. Larry Niven's Ringworld has a sun-like star at its center, Halo orbits a planet, but does not have it at its center.

In the sky of Halo there is a sun-like star, a moon (its name is Basic, it is 26,000 km in diameter), a gas giant planet (its name is Threshold, it is 175,000 km in diameter) whose position is shown on the display of the assault rifle, depending on the angle of view ( like a compass pointing north) and see the band of Halo itself.

The apparent size of the base and threshold is not displayed quite correctly in the game. During the game you neither get to the threshold nor to the base, but only move on or within Halo.

Halo is located in the Lagrange point  L ₁ of threshold and base, i.e. on the connecting line between threshold and base, but somewhat closer to base than to threshold due to the lower mass of base. At the Lagrange point L ₁ , the gravity of the threshold and base and the centrifugal force generated by the common rotation of all three bodies cancel each other out. The axis of rotation of Halo lies roughly on the line connecting the threshold and base, so that when viewed from Halo, the threshold and base are always exactly opposite each other and both are always about 90 degrees to the left and right of the band Halos. All three bodies revolve around their common center of gravity at the same angular velocity , which is inside Threshold, but not exactly in its center of gravity. The common center of gravity of all three bodies orbits a sun-like star.

In contrast to the Lagrange points L ₄ and L ₅ , the Lagrange points L ₁ , L ₂ , and L _{3 are} unstable, similar to a sphere in the center of a saddle-shaped surface. This suggests that Halo would have to actively stabilize its position if it existed in the real world, otherwise it would crash either on Threshold or on Base after some time. The Master Chief should have asked the Illuminate of Facility 04 why the Blood Fathers did not build their fortress world in position L ₄ or L ₅ , but trusted in their still running energy systems. One possible answer would have been that Halo and the flood germs should be destroyed by the crash precisely when the energy systems fail.

If the Threshold density of Jupiter takes and base the density of Earth's moon , the is focus of Halo from the centroid of Threshold 214,784 km away and km from the center of gravity of base 35,716.

Because the centrifugal acceleration on Halo is 10 m / s², its circumferential speed must be 7071 m / s. This results in a rotation time of 1 hour and 14 minutes.

The overall system of Threshold, Halo and Basic rotates around its common center of gravity in 14 hours and 15 minutes. This lies within Threshold at a distance of 2178 km from the center of gravity of this planet in the direction of the base.

Brian Michael Bendis compared the cultural influences of Halo to those of Star Wars .

The names of the new browser Edge and the voice assistant Cortana as well as the working title of Microsoft Windows 10 "Threshold" can be traced back to the game series.

Film adaptations

Movie planning

In October 2005, 20th Century Fox announced a film adaptation of Halo. Peter Jackson , the director of Lord of the Rings , and his wife Fran Walsh were announced as executive producers and creative consultants , who also provided their effects company Weta Workshop .

The two US studios Universal Pictures and 20th Century Fox , however, surprisingly got out of their deal with Microsoft to finance the video game adaptation of Halo. According to rumors, concerns about rising production costs are the reason for the back down. The filmmakers behind the project, however, indicated that the studios wanted to reduce profit sharing for Microsoft and the producers. Fox and Universal had secured the rights to the successful video game for five million dollars and ten percent of the gross profit in 2005.

In July 2007, 20th Century Fox announced that it would be a licensee for the Halo brand. So far, however, this only applies to the fan article range. Microsoft released a short film by director Neill Blomkamp for E3 .

In 2008, the Believe commercial series for Halo 3 won an award at the Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival (silver in the Other Consumer Products category). The company AKQA from San Francisco created the spots.

In June 2009, Peter Jackson gave Halo production rights to Steven Spielberg . It was then planned to make a film based on the novel Halo: The Battle for Reach by Eric Nylund. But since Microsoft has so far demanded immense sums of money from the film studios, it has still not materialized.

Series

In May 2013, 343 Industries announced that it was filming a live-action television series by Halo, with Steven Spielberg as executive producer and Neill Blomkamp directing it. The series was due to premiere on Showtime in Fall 2015 , just in time for the release of Halo 5: Guardians . In August 2015, however, the publication was postponed to an unknown date.

Halo Legends

At Comic-Con International 2009, Microsoft announced that the newly founded studio 343 Industries is working with Japanese anime studios on an anime short film series entitled Halo Legends. Episodes 1 to 3 (The Origins Part1 & Part2, The Babysitter) were animated by Studio 4 ° C , Episode 4 (Prototype) by Bones , Episode 5 (Homecoming) by Production IG and Bee Train , Episode 6 (The Duel) by Production IG, Episode 7 (The Package) by Shinji Aramaki and Episode 8 (Odd One Out) by Toei Animation . In 2010 the series was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc .

Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn

→ Main article : Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn

Another film adaptation, called Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn , was released in late 2012 along with the game Halo 4 . It is a live-action - miniseries consisting of five episodes that from 5 October 2012, Halo Waypoint and YouTube were published. An uncut version and a making-of are included in the limited edition of the game. Actors include Tom Green , Anna Popplewell and Enisha Brewster , directed by Stewart Hendler . According to the US daily Los Angeles Times , the series is said to have cost between four and eight million euros. The story is about the character Thomas Lasky who is accompanied through his career. The series was released as a film in May 2013 on Blu-ray and DVD.

Halo: Nightfall

→ Main article : Halo: Nightfall

Halo: Nightfall is a live action series produced by Ridley Scott and his production company Scott Free Productions in association with Scott Free TV and 343 Industries. Scott, who was executive producer, was assisted by David Zucker (producer) and Sergio Mimica-Gezzan (director). Halo: The Master Chief Collection buyers were given access to the series after each chapter was released. In March 2015, a DVD and a Blu-ray version of the series were released.

Halo: The Fall of Reach

→ Main article : Halo: The Fall of Reach

An animated film titled Halo: The Fall of Reach was released on DVD and Blu-Ray in December 2015, directed by Ian Kirby . Based on the novel Halo: The Battle for Reach by Eric Nylund, the series is a prequel and tells the life of the Master Chief before the events before Halo: Battle for the Future .

Soundtracks

• 2002: Halo - Original Soundtrack by Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori (new edition with bonus DVD 2005)
• 2004: Halo 2 Volume One by Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori (guests: Incubus , Breaking Benjamin , Hoobastank , Nataraj and Nile Rodgers )
• 2006: Halo 2 Volume Two by Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori
• 2007: Halo 3 by Martin O'Donnell, Michael Salvatori and Princeton
• 2009: Halo Wars by Stephen Rippy
• 2009: Halo 3 ODST by Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori
• 2010: Halo Reach by Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori
• 2011: Halo Combat Evolved Anniversary by Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori
• 2012: Halo 4 - Original Soundtrack by Neil Davidge
• 2014: Halo 2 Anniversary Original Soundtrack . Rearranged by Paul Lipson , Lennie Moore , Tom Salta , Brian Trifon and Brian Lee White
• 2015: Halo 5: Guardians Original Soundtrack by Kazuma Jinnouchi

Compilations

• 2007: Halo 1 & 2
• 2008: Halo Trilogy - Complete Original Soundtrack

additional

The deathcore band Shadow of Intent has existed since 2014 and has so far released two concept albums, Primordial and Reclaimer . Actions from the game series are described in both albums. There is also the song King of the Hill , published in 2013 by the rapper Dame , which also deals with Halo .

literature

Non-fiction

• Frank O'Connor: The Halo Encyclopedia: The Ultimate Guide to the Halo Universe . Panini Verlag, 2010, ISBN 3-8332-2075-9
• Various authors: Halo - Myth: The full story of the Halo universe . Egmont tailor's book , 2016, ISBN 978-3-505-13898-0
• Hans Jenssen and John Mullaney: Halo - Warfleet: The Fleet of the Halo Universe . Egmont tailor's book 2017, ISBN 978-3-505-14045-7

Art Book

• Eric S. Trautmann: The Art of Halo: The Creation of a Virtual World . Panini Verlag , 2005, ISBN 3-8332-1260-8

Graphic novels

Marco Castiello's trigger

• Lee Hammock: Halo - Graphic Novel , Volume 1, Panini Verlag, 2007, ISBN 3-86607-480-8
• Brian Michael Bendis and Maleev: Der Aufstand , Volume 2, Panini Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86607-574-0
• Peter David and Eric Nguyen: Höllenspringer , Volume 3, Panini Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86201-079-0
• Fred van Lente and Francis Portela: Blood Line , Volume 4, Panini Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-86201-313-5
• Brian Reed and Marco Castiello: The Trigger , Volume 5, Panini Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-86201-379-1
• Chris Schlerf and Sergio Arino: Escalation Level 1 , Volume 6, Panini Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-95798-041-0
• Brian Reed and Sergio Arino: Escalation Level 2 , Volume 7, Panini Verlag, 2015, ISBN 978-3-95798-225-4
• Brian Reed and Sergio Arino: Escalation Level 3 , Volume 8, Panini Verlag, 2016, ISBN 978-3-95798-644-3
• Brian Reed and Sergio Arino: Escalation Level 4, Volume 9, Panini Verlag, 2016, ISBN 978-3-95798-930-7

Novels

• Eric Nylund : Halo: The Battle for Reach . 4th edition. tape 1 . Panini , 2005, ISBN 3-8332-1345-0 (Original title: Halo: The Fall of Reach . Translated by Claudia Kern ).
• William C. Dietz : Halo: The Invasion . tape 2 . Panini, 2004, ISBN 3-8332-1082-6 (Original title: Halo: The Flood . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Eric Nylund: Halo: First Strike . 3. Edition. tape 3 . Panini, 2004, ISBN 3-8332-1083-4 (Original title: Halo: First Strike . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Eric Nylund; William C. Dietz: Halo . tape 1-3 . Panini, 2005, ISBN 3-8332-1307-8 (Original title: Halo . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Eric Nylund: Halo: Spirits of Onyx . tape 4 . Panini, 2007, ISBN 978-3-8332-1458-5 (Original title: Halo: Ghosts of Onyx . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Joseph Staten: Halo: First Contact . tape 5 . Panini, 2008, ISBN 978-3-8332-1645-9 (Original title: Halo: Contact Harvest . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Tobias S. Buckell : Halo: The Cole Protocol . tape 6 . Panini, 2009, ISBN 978-3-8332-1873-6 (Original title: Halo: The Cole Protocol . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• John Shirley : Halo: The Broken Circle . tape 7 . Panini, 2015, ISBN 978-3-8332-3009-7 (Original title: Halo: Broken Circle . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Matt Forbeck: Halo: Fresh Blood . tape 8 . Panini, 2015, ISBN 978-3-8332-3169-8 (Original title: Halo: New Blood . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Peter David : Halo: Hunters in the Dark . tape 9 . Panini, 2016, ISBN 978-3-8332-3261-9 (Original title: Halo: Hunters in the Dark . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Troy Denning : Halo: The Last Light . tape 10 . Panini, 2016, ISBN 978-3-8332-3357-9 (Original title: Halo: Last Light . Translated by Claudia Kern).
• Tobias S. Buckell: Halo: The Messenger . tape 11 . Panini, 2017, ISBN 978-3-8332-3520-7 (Original title: Halo: Envoy . Translated by Claudia Kern).

The Forerunner Saga

• Greg Bear : Halo: Cryptum . tape 1 . Panini, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8332-2612-0 (Original title: Halo: Cryptum . Translated by Tobias Toneguzzo, Andreas Kasprzak).
• Greg Bear: Halo: Primordium . tape 2 . Panini, 2012, ISBN 978-3-8332-2524-6 (Original title: Halo: Primordium . Translated by Tobias Toneguzzo, Andreas Kasprzak).
• Greg Bear: Halo: Silentium . tape 3 . Panini, 2013, ISBN 978-3-8332-2701-1 (Original title: Halo: Silentium .).

Kilo-Five trilogy

• Karen Traviss : Halo: Glasslands - glazed worlds . tape 1 . Panini, 2012, ISBN 978-3-8332-2444-7 (Original title: Halo: Glasslands . Translated by Tobias Toneguzzo, Andreas Kasprzak).
• Karen Traviss: Halo: War Games . tape 2 . Panini, 2013, ISBN 978-3-8332-2611-3 (Original title: Halo: The Thursday War . Translated by Tobias Toneguzzo, Andreas Kasprzak).
• Karen Traviss: Halo: Mortal Dictata . tape 3 . Panini, 2014, ISBN 978-3-8332-2861-2 (Original title: Halo: Mortal Dictata . Translated by Tobias Toneguzzo, Andreas Kasprzak).

Short stories

• Halo: Evolutions, short stories from the Halo universe . Panini, 2010, ISBN 978-3-8332-2125-5 (Original title: Halo: Evolutions, Essential Tales of the Halo Universe . Translated by Claudia Kern).

Frank O'Connor: Introduction ( Introduction )

Jonathan Goff: Beyond ( Beyond )

BK Evenson: The Outcast ( Pariah )

Eric Raab: Nachtreten, if it pops ( Stomping on the heels of a foot )

Frank O'Connor: Midnight on the Heart of Midlothian ( Midnight in the Heart of Midlothian )

Tobias S. Buckell: Dirt ( Dirt )

Jonathan Goff: Acheron VII ( Acheron VII )

Jonathan Goff: Headhunters ( Headhunters )

Fred Van Lente: Blunt Tools ( Blunt Instruments )

Jeff VanderMeer , Tessa Kum: Die Mona Lisa ( The Mona Lisa )

Jonathan Goff: Symbol ( Icon )

Robt McLees: Palace Hotel ( Palace Hotel )

Karen Traviss: Human weakness ( Human Weakness )

Jonathan Goff: connectedness ( Connectivity )

Eric Nylund: The Impossible Life and the Possible Death of Preston J. Cole ( The Impossible Life and Possible Death of Preston J. Cole )

Kevin Grace: The Return ( The Return )

From the office of Dr. William Arthur Iqbal ( From the Office of Dr. William Arthur Iqbal )

See also

• Cortana (software) - Based on the model of the game series, software for Microsoft Windows 10 .

Web links

Commons : Halo (series)  - collection of images, videos, and audio files

• Official website of the game series (multilingual)
• Halo series at MobyGames (English)
• Halopedia - the German Halo encyclopedia
• GamePro .de: Halo - A game and its influence - How Halo has changed the game landscape

Individual evidence

1. ↑ When Halo was on the Mac, and was a Totally Different Game. Retrieved July 25, 2020 (American English). 
2. ↑ Daniel Feiht: Halo: Anniversary. GamePro , June 9, 2011, accessed April 7, 2013 . 
3. ↑ Tino Hahn: Halo 4 is the starting signal for the new Reclaimer trilogy. (No longer available online.) IGN Entertainment , August 29, 2011, archived from the original on November 3, 2013 ; Retrieved April 7, 2013 . 
4. ↑ Brett Molina: 'Halo 4' snags $ 220 million on first day. USA Today , November 12, 2012; accessed April 7, 2013 . 
5. ↑ Andreas Link: E3 2019 Liveticker: Microsoft Press Conference Xbox. In: PC Games Hardware. June 9, 2019, accessed June 9, 2019 . 
6. ↑ Complete paragraph source: Roman Halo: Erstkontakt
7. ↑ Greg Bear : Halo - The Bloodfathers Saga: Kryptum . Volume 1 of the Blood Fathers Saga, Panini Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8332-2126-2
8. ^ Richard George: IGN Exclusive Interview - Halo: Uprising . In: IGN Entertainment . Point Davis . May 18, 2007. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
9. ↑ https://www.netzwelt.de/windows-10-redstone/152061-release.html
10. ↑ http://articles.latimes.com/2006/oct/21/business/fi-halo21
11. ↑ cinema.de Halo film rights. Accessed June 9, 2011
12. ^ Cannes Lions 2008 Cyber ​​Lions Winners. (PDF) 2008, accessed on July 5, 2019 (English). 
13. ↑ Cinema .de: "Halo" - The game adaptation - Steven Spielberg brings first-person shooters to the screen
14. ↑ Golem.de : Steven Spielberg supposedly wants to produce Halo film
15. ↑ Microsoft wanted too much: Why the film was never made
16. ↑ El Mayimbe: EXCLUSIVE: Take A Guess Who's Directing Spielberg Produced 'Halo' Pilot! . In: Latino Review , January 25, 2014. Archived from the original on January 29, 2014. 
17. ↑ Todd Spangler: Xbox 'Halo 5' and Steven Spielberg's 'Halo' TV Series to Launch Fall 2015 . In: Variety , May 16, 2014. 
18. ↑ GamePro .de: Halo - TV series by Steven Spielberg still in progress
19. ↑ Eurogamer.de
20. ↑ GamePro .de: HALO Anime "Halo Legends" is coming in 2010
21. ↑ The Halo Bulletin: 5.16.12 ( Memento from July 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
22. ↑ herocomplex.latimes.com 'Halo 4: Forward Unto Dawn' will be the first 'Halo' movie