Illenschwang

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Illenschwang
Community Wittelshofen
Coordinates: 49 ° 3 ′ 20 ″  N , 10 ° 24 ′ 46 ″  E
Height : 470  (466-477)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 243  (May 25 1987)
Incorporation : July 1, 1972
Postal code : 91749
Area code : 09853
Easter fountain on the village square
Easter fountain on the village square
View of the village from the north: on the left the rectory and church, on the right the old village center
View of the sports field with the village pond
Maypole of the village youth
Exterior view of St. Andrew's Church after renovation in 2005

Illenschwang is a district of the municipality of Wittelshofen in the district of Ansbach ( Middle Franconia ).

geography

The Bärbach, which is a left tributary of the Wörnitz , flows through the parish village . The place is immediately surrounded by arable land and grassland. Approx. The Oberholz is 0.5 km to the northwest, the Letten corridor area to the north, and the hardwood approx. 0.5 km to the southeast. The state road in 2218 , leading to Wittelshofen (5 km east) or to the B 25 in Dinkelsbühl (5.5 km to the west). Municipal roads lead to Weiltingen to state road 2385 (3.5 km southeast), to Welchenholz (2.5 km south) and to Villersbronn (1.5 km west).

history

Origin of the place

Illenschwang is probably an Alemannic foundation. This is supported by the Swabian field name "Wang" and the fact that there was a local nobility under the name "Maier" in Illenschwang - who later entered service. The term “Maierhof” can only be found in Alemannic settlements. An excerpt from Pastor Meinel's description of the parish from 1833 begins with the words: “Nothing can be said about the origins of the parish and the hamlet of Welchenholz , as there are no reports about this in either the parish registry or the parish ... ". Even if the time of the establishment of the place can no longer be determined, it is concluded from the construction of the church that it may have existed as early as around the year 1000. According to Hauptlehrer Weiß, the place was in earlier times away from the road towards the Bruckholz. The residents evidently chose to go off the beaten track in order not to be roamed so often by swarming war hordes. The church was closest to the street. The oldest farm is said to have been that of the "church farmer", the former mayor of Reichert.

The natives have apparently mixed with lordly subjects. This is also evident from a note in the parish description from 1914: "Otherwise the village is frugally mixed with foreign rule subjects." Many documents and records were destroyed in the Thirty Years' War .

Surname

Illenschwang is mentioned as Ullingeswanc in 1246. Ulin is apparently a personal name that still occurs in the 15th century in the Hesselberg area. The name indicates the cheek (= field). Thus Illenschwang would be the founding of a farmer named Ulin. In 1246 the Lords of Sinbronn - the Rechenbergers - donated some goods to the Auhausen monastery . Among them was her Maierhof. This must have been in the northern half of the village Illenschwang, because there was the field name "Maieräcker". Illenschwang used to have a noble family; This results from the mention that in 1300 a Fritz von Illenschwang was active as a bailiff for Luitpold the Elder from Weiltingen . The Luitpolds von Weiltingen are in turn a line of the Luitpolds von Nordenberg in today's municipality of Windelsbach . A "Fritz von Ulligeswanc" is 1319 servant of the Truchsessen Gerung and Cunrat von Wilburgstetten . In documents from the middle ages, the place Ullingeswang and Ulligswank is mentioned. In the records of Pastor Ley (1618–1623) there was talk of Ülleschwang. On May 23, 1930, main teacher L. Weiß wrote in a private mediation to Agriculture Councilor Huber in Dinkelsbühl that the name Illenschwang should come from "Ulrichswang".

Older story

With the big sell-out of the Rechenberg rule Sinbronn - Wilburgstetten - Limburg (near Wilburgstetten) Illenschwang came to the Burgraves of Nuremberg in 1405. In 1431 the place came to the imperial city of Dinkelsbühl via a consortium of citizens of Dinkelsbühl, which from then on claimed the lower and higher jurisdiction . However, this was contested by both Brandenburg-Ansbach and Oettingen-Spielberg , as was the parish fair.

During the Thirty Years War , the town's population almost died out. The survivors later rebuilt the site at its current location.

1732 was an eventful year. With his wife and five children, the weaver Andreas Gaar joined an emigration train to the USA ( Pennsylvania ), driven by the Pietist movement. The descendants of this family are said to have grown to 30,000 in the meantime.

Recent history

Towards the end of the 18th century there were 25 properties and a community shepherd's house in Illenschwang. The imperial city of Dinkelsbühl claimed the village and community rule. However, it was recognized by Brandenburg-Ansbach. Were landlords

  • ansbachische offices (9 property; stewardship Auhausen : 1 yard, 1 Halbhof, 2 Sölden goods , 1 Sölden house, the box office Wassertruedingen : 1 Badstube, 1 good, 1 Gütlein, 1 house)
  • Early Mass Sinbronn (1 half yard)
  • the Württemberg Oberamt Weiltingen (2 courtyards, 1 house)
  • the imperial city of Dinkelsbühl (10 properties; Protestant church maintenance: 1 farm estate; rear parlor maintenance: 1 estate; Catholic church maintenance: 1 economic asset; council maintenance: 2 goods; sick care: 3 goods; hospital: 1 estate; scholarship maintenance: 1 Söldengut)

1 economy and 1 good were free . There was also a church, a parsonage, a community shepherd's house and a community shepherd's house.

From 1797 to 1808 the place was subordinate to the Justice and Chamber Office Wassertrüdingen .

In 1806 Illenschwang came to the Kingdom of Bavaria . As a result of the municipal edict in 1809, the place was assigned to the tax district and rural community Wittelshofen . In 1813 the rural community Illenschwang was formed, to which the places Neumühle and Wörnitzhofen belonged. With the second community edict (1818), two rural communities emerged:

  • Illenschwang with Neumühle and Villersbronn
  • Wörnitzhofen.

Welchenholz was not changed from Sinbronn to Illenschwang until October 1, 1827 . Since then, the municipality had an area of ​​10.065 km².

The municipality of Illenschwang was subject to the Dinkelsbühl district court in terms of administration and jurisdiction and the Dinkelsbühl tax office ( renamed Dinkelsbühl tax office in 1919 , Ansbach tax office since 1973 ). The jurisdiction remained with the District Court of Dinkelsbühl until 1879, from 1879 to 1973 the District Court of Dinkelsbühl was responsible, which has been a branch of the District Court of Ansbach since 1973 . The administration was taken over by the newly created Dinkelsbühl district office in 1862 (renamed the Dinkelsbühl district in 1938 ). With the dissolution of the Dinkelsbühl district in 1972, Illenschwang came to the Ansbach district.

The chiliastic pastor Samuel Gottfried Christoph Cloeter worked in Illenschwang from 1861 to 1880. It triggered several waves of emigration locally and in other Hesselberg communities . They looked for a new home in Gnadenburg in the Caucasus, the supposed place of rescue at the return of Christ.

In the two world wars 35 local citizens lost their lives.

In 1965 the canal was laid in the village and the streets were covered with an asphalt surface. Moreover, that was State Street in 2218 built. From 1968 to 1977 land consolidation followed, and village renewal in the 1980s. From 1975 two settlement areas emerged in the direction of Weiltingen. From 1989 to 1992 a new fire station was built. In 2000 the sewage treatment plant was expanded, earth connections for the power supply were laid and new street lights were installed.

As part of the regional reform in Bavaria , Illenschwang was incorporated into Wittelshofen on July 1, 1972. Neumühle, Villersbronn and Welchenholz were reclassified to Wilburgstetten .

The Metal -Festival Summer Breeze has been taking place in the immediate vicinity of Illenschwang since 2006 , although Dinkelsbühl is named as the venue.

Soil and architectural monuments

  • Illenschwang Castle Stables
  • House No. 18: Gasthaus zum Adler. On the unadorned, two-storey plastered building (probably from the 18th century) wrought-iron bracket with an imperial eagle (metal sign), probably as early as the 19th century.
  • House No. 25: Gasthaus zur Sonne, two-storey saddle roof building with plastered structures, re. 1686.
  • Evangelical-Lutheran parish church, formerly St. Andrew, choir tower with attached sacristy, probably 14th century, neo-Romanesque nave from 1859; with equipment; Part of the former cemetery wall, probably from the late Middle Ages.
  • Cemetery cross, iron, with a body made of cast iron, probably 1907.

Population development

Illenschwang municipality

year 1818 1840 1852 1855 1861 1867 1871 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895 1900 1905 1910 1919 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950 1952 1961 1970
Residents 240 385 388 403 434 404 413 414 419 424 412 412 404 408 422 410 410 396 388 626 570 498 443 434
Houses 45 73 82 89 88 79 82 90
source

District Illenschwang

year 001818 001840 001861 001871 001885 001900 001925 001950 001961 001970 001987
Residents 177 185 230 218 238 226 236 295 249 253 243
Houses 32 36 49 49 44 45 52 66
source

religion

The Evangelical Lutheran parish of Illenschwang with Welchenholz has around 300 people. The parishes of Illenschwang and Sinbronn with Dürrwangen together form a parish. It is in the east of the Dinkelsbühl deanery district . Kirchweih is celebrated on the 1st Sunday after Trinity (two weeks after Pentecost).

coat of arms

The coat of arms of Illenschwang shows the St. Andrew's Church, the parish and rectory.

literature

Web links

Commons : Illenschwang  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b Bavarian State Office for Statistics and Data Processing (Ed.): Official local directory for Bavaria, territorial status: May 25, 1987 . Issue 450 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich November 1991, DNB  94240937X , p. 333 ( digitized version ).
  2. Illenschwang in the Bavaria Atlas
  3. ^ T. Neumeyer, p. 430.
  4. T. Neumeyer, pp. 430f.
  5. ^ Johann Bernhard Fischer : Illenschwang . In: Statistical and topographical description of the Burggraftum Nürnberg, below the mountain, or the Principality of Brandenburg-Anspach. Second part. Containing the economic, statistical and moral condition of these countries according to the fifteen upper offices . Benedict Friedrich Haueisen, Ansbach 1790, p. 381 ( digitized version ). (= JK Bundschuh, vol. 3, col. 12). According to this, there were 26 subject families, of which 12 were Ansbachian.
  6. a b T. Neumeyer, p. 565.
  7. ^ T. Neumeyer, p. 534.
  8. a b T. Neumeyer, p. 539.
  9. ^ Address and statistical manual for the Rezatkreis in the Kingdom of Baiern . Buchdruckerei Chancellery, Ansbach 1820, p. 29 ( digitized version ).
  10. a b c Eduard Vetter (Hrsg.): Statistical handbook and address book of Middle Franconia in the Kingdom of Bavaria . Self-published, Ansbach 1846, p. 73-74 ( digitized version ).
  11. a b c Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official city directory for Bavaria, territorial status on October 1, 1964 with statistical information from the 1961 census . Issue 260 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1964, DNB  453660959 , Section II, Sp. 762 ( digitized version ).
  12. Festschrift 125 Years of the Illenschwang Volunteer Fire Brigade.
  13. ^ Wilhelm Volkert (ed.): Handbook of Bavarian offices, communities and courts 1799–1980 . CH Beck, Munich 1983, ISBN 3-406-09669-7 , p. 448 .
  14. A. Gebeßler, p. 158. Monument protection canceled, object possibly demolished.
  15. a b Only inhabited houses are given. In 1818 these were designated as fireplaces , in 1840 as houses , and from 1871 to 1987 as residential buildings.
  16. a b Alphabetical index of all the localities contained in the Rezatkreise according to its constitution by the newest organization: with indication of a. the tax districts, b. Judicial Districts, c. Rent offices in which they are located, then several other statistical notes . Ansbach 1818, p. 45 ( digitized version ). For the community of Illenschwang plus the residents and buildings of Villersbronn (p. 97).
  17. a b c d e f g h i j k Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Historical municipality directory: The population of the municipalities of Bavaria from 1840 to 1952 (=  contributions to Statistics Bavaria . Issue 192). Munich 1954, DNB  451478568 , p. 168 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00066439-3 ( digitized ).
  18. a b Joseph Heyberger, Chr. Schmitt, v. Wachter: Topographical-statistical manual of the Kingdom of Bavaria with an alphabetical local dictionary . In: K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Bavaria. Regional and folklore of the Kingdom of Bavaria . tape 5 . Literary and artistic establishment of the JG Cotta'schen Buchhandlung, Munich 1867, Sp. 1001 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb10374496-4 ( digitized version ).
  19. Kgl. Statistisches Bureau (Ed.): Directory of the municipalities of the Kingdom of Bavaria according to the status of the population in December 1867 . XXI. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Ackermann, Munich 1869, p. 156 ( digitized version ).
  20. a b Kgl. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Complete list of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to districts, administrative districts, court districts and municipalities, including parish, school and post office affiliation ... with an alphabetical general register containing the population according to the results of the census of December 1, 1875 . Adolf Ackermann, Munich 1877, 2nd section (population figures from 1871, cattle figures from 1873), Sp. 1166 , urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb00052489-4 ( digitized version ).
  21. K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Manufactured due to the new organization of government districts, district offices and judicial districts. Addendum to issue 36 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1879, p. 61 ( digitized version ).
  22. K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (ed.): Community directory for the Kingdom of Bavaria. Results of the census of December 1, 1880. Issue 35 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1882, p. 175 ( digitized version ).
  23. a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Localities directory of the Kingdom of Bavaria. According to government districts, administrative districts, ... then with an alphabetical register of locations, including the property and the responsible administrative district for each location. LIV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1888, Section III, Sp. 1098 ( digitized version ).
  24. a b K. Bayer. Statistical Bureau (Ed.): Directory of localities of the Kingdom of Bavaria, with alphabetical register of places . LXV. Issue of the contributions to the statistics of the Kingdom of Bavaria. Munich 1904, Section II, Sp. 1163 ( digitized version ).
  25. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Localities directory for the Free State of Bavaria according to the census of June 16, 1925 and the territorial status of January 1, 1928 . Issue 109 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1928, Section II, Sp. 1201 ( digitized version ).
  26. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (ed.): Official place directory for Bavaria - edited on the basis of the census of September 13, 1950 . Issue 169 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1952, DNB  453660975 , Section II, Sp. 1037 ( digitized version ).
  27. a b Bavarian State Statistical Office (Hrsg.): Official local directory for Bavaria . Issue 335 of the articles on Bavaria's statistics. Munich 1973, DNB  740801384 , p. 172 ( digitized version ).