Kwakowo (Kobylnica)

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Kwakowo
Kwakowo does not have a coat of arms
Kwakowo (Poland)
Kwakowo
Kwakowo
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Pomerania
Powiat : Slupsk
Gmina : Kobylnica
Geographic location : 54 ° 22 '  N , 17 ° 2'  E Coordinates: 54 ° 22 '7 "  N , 17 ° 1' 32"  E
Residents : 576
Postal code : 76-251 Kobylnica
Telephone code : (+48) 59
License plate : GSL
Economy and Transport
Street : DK21 : Słupsk - Miastko
Rail route : Railway Piła – Ustka
Railway station: Kobylnica Słupska
Next international airport : Danzig



Kwakowo (German Quackenburg , Kashubian Kwakòwò ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural community Kobylnica ( Kublitz ) in the Powiat Słupski ( Stolp district ).

Geographical location

Kwakowo is located in Western Pomerania , about 13 kilometers south of the district town of Słupsk ( Stolp ) on the western bank of the Słupia ( Stolpe ) and in the north of the Stolpetal Landscape Protection Park ( Park Krajobrazowy Dolina Słupi ).

The Polish state road 21 (former German Reichsstraße 125 ), which connects Słupsk with Miastko ( Rummelsburg ), runs through the village .

The nearest train station is Kobylnica Słupska on the Piła – Ustka railway line ( Schneidemühl - Stolpmünde ). Between 1894 and 1945 there was a rail connection via Labuhn (now Polish: Lubuń ) to the Stolpe Valley Railway from Stolp to Budow ( Budowo ).

Place name

The name of the place Kwakowo / Quackenburg owes its location near the confluence of the Kwacza ( Quacke ) flowing through the place into the Słupia ( Stolpe ). In the literature there are confusions with Quarkenburg (later called Friedrichsburg ) between Cammin ( Kamień Pomorski ) and Naugard ( Nowogard ).

The same Polish name Kwakowo was also given to the village of Alt Quackow in the district of Neustettin after the Second World War .

history

Gut Quackenburg around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection
East of Schlawe (left half of the picture, can be enlarged by clicking) and south of Stolp on a map from 1910

The founding of the estate and the village of Quackenburg lies in the dark of history. The place was first mentioned in 1480, when the Zitzewitz family was mentioned as the owner. However, the place should be older. Until the middle of the 17th century, Quackenburg was owned by the Zitzewitz family. From the beginning of the 19th century to the middle of the 20th century, the estate belonged to the Blumenthal family . The last owner of the estate before 1945 was Otto Ratzke .

Until 1742 Quackenburg belonged to the Bailiwick of Stolp . Between 1742 and 1876 it was in the county Rummelsburg incorporated, then came to 1945 the county Stolp in Administrative district Köslin of the Prussian province of Pomerania . Around 1784 there was a farm in Quackenburg, a watermill, a preacher, a sexton, eight full farmers , one half farmer , three cottages , an inn, a blacksmith's shop, a lumberjack's cottage on the field of the village and another cottage called the Birkhof and a total of 24 households. The Katen Birkhof was demolished in 1859.

Before 1945 the community area was 1,392 hectares. A total of three places of residence belonged to the community of Quackenburg:

  • Johannishof (belonged to Lüllemin until 1920 , Lulemino in Polish )
  • Quackenburg
  • Vorwerk Camillowo (Keudellshof, today in Polish Komiłowo , rebuilt in 1821)

There were a total of 47 farms in the municipality. Before 1945, Quackenburg was officially linked to Lüllemin, where the administrative district was also located. District court area was Stolp. The last mayor was Otto Ratzke .

Towards the end of the Second World War , Quackenburg was occupied by the Soviet Army on March 7, 1945 . The villagers had previously fled on the trek, but had not got far; almost all of them returned to the village. At the end of 1945 a Soviet troop took up residence in the village. The farm was converted into a Soviet collective farm. In the spring of 1946 the Soviet troops set up a small hospital in the village. Poles came, first in the districts of Keudellshof and Johannishof and who took over the houses and farms there. Quackenburg was renamed Kwakowo . On November 7, 1946, the Protestant local pastor Max Lechner was the first to be expelled from the Polish militia. In the following years the other German villagers were also expelled .

Later, 267 villagers who had come from Quackenburg in the Federal Republic of Germany and 101 in the GDR were identified.

Today the village with Komiłowo ( Camillow , Keudellshof ) belongs to Gmina Kobylnica in the Powiat Słupski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975 to 1998 Stolp Voivodeship ). The village is a Schulzenamt ( sołectwo ) and has almost 600 inhabitants.

Population development

  • 1819 = 240 (without goods)
  • 1827 = 240 (without goods)
  • 1867 = 219 (without goods)
  • 1871 = 404
  • 1885 = 413
  • 1905 = 377
  • 1910 = 383
  • 1933 = 450
  • 1939 = 432
  • 2010 = 576

church

Parish church

The first church in Quackenburg was built in 1207 according to a letter that was found in the ball of the weather vane during the renovation of the church tower in 1615. The church is also mentioned in 1508 and during a visitation in 1539. The church underwent many renovations, for example in 1615, 1695 and 1797. In 1863 the building was demolished and a new church was erected in its place Inaugurated in 1865.

The font with a lid from the 17th century is being reused in the new building. A bell from 1712 broke in a severe frost at Christmas 1892.

After 1945 the previously evangelical church was expropriated in favor of the Catholic Church . It received a new consecration and the name of the Immaculate Conception of Mary .

Parish / Parish

During the church visitation in 1539, the Reformation had already entered Quackenburg . Until 1945 the vast majority of the population remained loyal to the Protestant denomination.

Quackenburg was the center of a parish, to which, in addition to the Wobeser branch church (today in Polish: Objezierze ), the towns of Groß Silkow ( Żelki ), Klein Silkow ( Żelkówko ), Krussen ( Kruszyna ), Lüllemin ( Lulemino ), Mellin ( Mielno ), Missow ( Miszewo ) and Wendisch Plassow , today Płaszewo belonged. In 1852 Mellin was re-pastured to Rathsdamnitz ( Dębnica Kaszubska ), in 1866 Labuhn (Lubuń) from Stolp to Quackenburg.

Until 1817 the parish Quack castle in which was Kirchenkreis incorporated Stolp-Altstadt, after the synod Old Kolziglow ( Kołczygłowy ), the superintendent , the Quack Burger pastor inches Feldt and Lorentz were assigned. In 1940 the entire parish had 3,122 parish members and was part of the Stolp-Stadt parish in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union . The church patronage was incumbent on the manor owners of Groß- and Klein Silkow.

Since 1945 the population of Kwakowo has been almost without exception Catholic. The village is still the parish seat, and the now Catholic parish is called Parafia Niepokalanego Poczęcia Najświętszej Maryi Panny (Parish of the Immaculate Conception of Mary) and was established on January 25, 1974. From 1959 to 1974 it was a vicarie. Until 1989 clergy of the Salesians Don Boscos religious community worked here.

The parish now has affiliated churches in Kuleszewo , Lubuń , Płaszewo and Żelkówko . It counts 2299 parish members and is in the deanery Słupsk Zachód ( Stolp-West ) in the diocese of Köslin-Kolberg of the Catholic Church in Poland .

Evangelical church members living here belong to the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk in the diocese of Pomerania-Greater Poland of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland .

school

There was a school in Quackenburg as early as 1710, albeit without a building of its own. In 1833 60 school children were taught here, in 1894 as many as 92. In the spring of 1833 a new school building was built. In 1932 the school had two stages with 74 children. In 1938 a new school building was built.

Personalities

Johann Christian Graf von Blumenthal

Son of the place

Connected to the place

literature

  • Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, pp. 791–796 (Description of the location Quackenburg ; PDF)
  • Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present . Part 2, Stettin 1912.
  • Hans Glaeser: The Evangelical Pomerania . Part 2, Stettin 1940.
  • E. Dahlke: Quackenburg, his school and church . In: Ostpommersche Heimat 1933, No. 12, 13 and 15

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann : Detailed description of the current state of the Royal Prussian Duchy of Western and Western Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2, Stettin 1784, pp. 800-801, No. 46 .
  2. ↑ The community of Quackenburg in the former Stolp district (Gunthard Stübs and Pommersche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 2011)
  3. ^ A b Karl-Heinz Pagel : The district of Stolp in Pomerania . Lübeck 1989, p. 796 ( Online; PDF)