List of landforms
A structured list of commonly used land forms , as a comprehensive collection of examples for the article.
Landform by geometry: Terrain shape
level
- Plain , flat land , plateau , plain , terrace (geology) , lowland , heel
- Embankment , slope, steep slope , flank, rock wall , ledge, slab, roof
move
- Mountain , ridge , ridge, ridge , ridge , spine , threshold (geomorphology) , ground wave, ripple
- Ground level , termination wall, steep step, terrain edge cliff (geomorphology) , Berg shoulder , nose, rib
- (Earth) wall, (rubble) cone, (rubble) dump
Trough (stretched)
- Valley , valley , side valley , Kerbtal (V valley), Trogtal (U valley), Längstal , Quertal
- Gully, valley furrow , (rock) crevice (geology) , chasm (geology) , ditch, cut, lane
Knoll
- Mountains Hochland (with slopes), mountain , hill , table mountain , island mountain , cone mountain
- Point, mountain peak , rock spur , rock tower, rock pillar, knoll
- Protrusion, heap, rock head, crags
boiler
- Basin (geomorphology) , basin , cirque (valley shape) , sink (geomorphology) sink (geosciences) (hollow, not geologically meant, i.e. not stretched), niche, pit, depression, hole
- Head of the valley , cave
saddle
- Mountain saddle , mountain pass , notch (geography) , ridge notch, notch, yoke , narrow point
Other geometric shapes
- Mountain foot, base, block
Land form according to origin and location
Volcanogenic forms
- Volcano , volcanic cone , caldera (collapse crater)
- Geyser , crater lake , lava columns , spring dome , volcanic vent , mud pot , fumarole
Tectonic forms
Gravitational forms
Periglacial forms
Glacial forms
- Glacier mill , crevasse , glacier tongue , ice shelf , glacier gate , moraine , edge gap
- Trogtal , glacial valley , fjord , Karsee
- Ground moraine landscape , drumlin , round humps , glacier pot , glacial channel , tote ice hole , Söll (pond) , Sanderebene , Kame , Oser
Fluvial forms
- Kerbtal , Sohlental, Kastental, Muldental , river terrace
- Gorge , ravine , gorge , ravine , canyon , water gap , Wadi
- Meander (meanders) , slip face , undercut slope , Umlaufberg
- Estuary , alluvial fan , river delta , estuary , estuary , Liman
- Gravel bank , sand bank , sedimentary basin (also marine, limnic, ..)
- Stream , river , stream , waterfall , spring
Marine and Limnic Forms
Marine forms
- Cliff coast , coral reef , surf cave , marshland , mudflats (coast)
- Fixed ice , pack ice
- Spit (Horn), Tombolo (sand-land bridge)
- Sea , lagoon
Limnic forms
- Wetland , floodplain , quarry forest , wet meadow , bog , reed , swamp , swamp ditch
- Salt lake , Sabcha , salt flats , salt desert
- Lake , pond , water hole, oasis
Aeolian forms
Karst forms
- Cart (gutter) , karst cave , sinkhole , also gypsum cave
Other exogenous forms
Artificial forms
- Quarry , dam (wall) , dike , canal (hydraulic engineering) , heaped mountain , polder (artificially drained)
Cosmogenic forms
Web links
- IOF control descriptions , guidelines for orienteering maps etc. a. of the IOF rules commission and Swiss Orienteering commissions for training and competitions, accessed in 2014