List of Gothic organs

The list of Gothic organs gradually includes all surviving organs from the Gothic period (up to around 1530) and thus the oldest organs in the world. Since all instruments have been rebuilt over the centuries, no work is complete, only parts have been preserved.

The Gothic prospectuses usually have pipes of different sizes and painted, hinged doors. In larger churches they could be installed as swallow's nest organs in the central nave on the north wall, near the choir . Original equipment as boulders and with the "Bordunes" in the pedal mechanism are all later in a system sliderchest been rebuilt. This new system was already established in the late Gothic period. In 1495 the famous organ in Halberstadt Cathedral was still equipped with a block.

The table is sortable. In the sixth column, the Roman number indicates the number of manuals , a capital "P" indicates an independent pedal , a lower-case "p" indicates an attached pedal and the Arabic number in the penultimate column indicates the number of sounding registers . The figures are based on the original disposition, if known. The last line provides information on the state of preservation of the Gothic parts and further information. Photos are only included if the prospectus goes back at least partially to the Gothic.

place	church	image	Organ builder	year	Manuals	register	Remarks
Salamanca	Old cathedral		unknown	around 1370	I.		empty case that originally contained 235 pipes
Stockholm	State Historical Museum		Master Werner in Brandborgh	around 1370	I.		originally in Sundre Church ( Gotland ); received empty housing
Stockholm	State Historical Museum		unknown	around 1370-1400	I / P		originally in the church of Norrlanda ( Gotland ); Case, keyboards, action and wind chests, but no pipework preserved; oldest preserved block organ
Strasbourg	Strasbourg Cathedral		unknown	1385			Prospectus received, behind it new organ work by Alfred Kern & fils (1981, III / P / 47)
Ostönnen	St. Andrew		unknown	1425-1431	I.		originally built for Alt St. Thomae in Soest; Organ and case rebuilt several times: 1586 Master Bartholdus, 1721–1722 Johann Patroclus Möller and relocation to Ostönnen, 1820 register exchange by Bernhard Dreymann ; 1963 repairs by Paul Ott and relocation to the west wall; today I / p / 8; 326 pipes made before 1500 → organ
Amiens	Amiens Cathedral		unknown	1429	I.		only parts of the Hauptwerk prospectus preserved, rebuilt and expanded several times, new building by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll in 1889 , restoration in 1965 (III / P / 57)
Sion	Basilique de Valere		unknown	1435	I.	4th	Swallow's nest organ ; Change of disposition and reworking of the pipework 1686–1688 by Christoph Aebi; today I / p / 8; Housing and 4 registers preserved → organ
Calatayud	San Pedro de los Francos		unknown	1443?	I.	9	2005 Reconstruction by Claudio and Christine Reinolter, case and prospect pipes received
Suffer	Pieterskerk		Jacob van Bilsteyn, Johann von Koblenz (Jan van Covelen [s])	1446, 1518-1519	III / P		Attribution; after the church tower collapsed in 1512 conversion to III / P (1519); Extension by Rückpositiv 1541 by Jan Kerstantszoon and 1629 Jacob Jansz / Jan Jacobs Lin, 1643 new building by Galtus and Germer van Hagerbeer (III / P / 36); Pipe material from 1446 and 1519 preserved
Rysum	Rysumer Church		Master Harmannus?	around 1440 (1457)	I.	7th	perhaps 1513, at the latest in the 17th century. Conversion of the block factory into grinding shop; 1959/1960 reconstruction by Ahrend & Brunzema ; Housing largely and 4 registers preserved → organ
Malmo	Malmö Museum ( Malmöhus Castle )		unknown	around 1450	II / P		originally built for Sankt Petri (Malmö) , rebuilt several times; partially preserved. 1800 Hauptwerk and pedal implemented after Genarp . 1937 sold to and subsequent installation in the Malmö Museum. Rückpositiv 1800 after Drängsered / Prov. Halland sold, erected there in 1801, dismantled in 1867, reconstructed in a new case in 1941 by Frobenius Orgelbyggeri .
Mölln	St. Nicolai		unknown	around 1450 and around 1500	I / P	10?	The Scherer-Bünting organ (1558/1766) integrates late Gothic pipework: Principal 16 ′ (today in the prospectus of the pedal towers), part of the back and a conical flute 4 ′ and other individual pipes
Lübeck	Jakobikirche (large organ)		unknown	1465/1466/1504			Extension conversions: 1573 Hans Köster, 1673 Joachim Richborn , 1981 Karl Schuke (IV / P / 64); Gothic Hauptwerk prospectus and some pipe material preserved → organ
Lübeck	Jakobikirche (small organ)		unknown	1467/1515			Extension conversion 1637 by Friedrich Stellwagen , reconstruction 1977–1978 by Gebr. Hillebrand (III / P / 31); Gothic main body and 3 stops completely and 3 partially preserved → organ
Zaragoza	La Seo Cathedral		Johan Ximénez Garcés or Johan de Berdún	1469-1474	I.		rebuilt several times: 1859 by Pedro y Miguel Rogués and intervening around 1920 by Juan Rogués; Gothic case and pipes (?) preserved
Bologna	Basilica of San Petronio , Epistle organ		Lorenzo di Giacomo da Prato, Giovanni-Battista Facchetti	1471-1475, 1531	I.	10	changed several times, 1686 housing redesigned in baroque style; largely preserved
Middelburg	Onze-Lieve-Vrouwe Abdij , Choir Church		Peter Gerritsz	1479	II / P	5	originally in the Utrecht Nicolaïkerk; both manuals use a block movement (VII – XVIII in the main part; IV – VIII in the upper part); Hauptwerk case, wind chest and some rows of pipes from the block movement have been preserved; reconstructed copy (2012) by Orgelmakerij Reil in the Orgelpark Amsterdam ("Van Straten Organ")
Zaragoza	Iglesia San Pablo		Johán Ximénez Garcés	1482			1754 new building by Francisco Turull behind a Gothic housing
Embrun	Notre-Dame-du-Réal		Pierre Marchand	around 1490	I.		Rebuilt in 1632 by Dominique Eustache and in 1750 by Samson Scherrer; Gothic housing preserved behind baroque
Wissel	St. Clement		unknown	1490			1876 ​​new building by Wilhelm Rütter , new building in Gothic housing
Tienen	Sint-Germanuskerk		Daneel II van der Distelen	1493			1671 New construction by Jan Dekens behind the Gothic housing
Venice	Museo Correr		Lorenzo di Pavia	1494	I.		oldest preserved positive
Palma	Palma Cathedral		Pablo Rosell	1497			1797 new building by Gabriel Tomàs behind the old housing; 1927 renovation
Altenbruch	St. Nicolai Church		Johannes Coci	1497-1498/1501	I.	6th	originally near the altar on the north side; several extensions: 1561/1577 Matthias Mahn (?), 1647–1649 Hans Christoph Fritzsche , 1698–1700 Matthias Dropa , 1727–1730 Johann Hinrich Klapmeyer ; today III / P / 35; 3 Gothic registers partially preserved
Kiedrich	St. Valentinus		unknown	around 1500	I.		radical alterations in 1653 by Johannes Wendel Kirchner , in 1860 by August Hooghuys; today II / P / 20; Housing in a revised neo-Gothic shape preserved → organ
Westerhusen	Westerhuser Church		unknown	around 1500			Jost Sieburg rebuilt the existing Gothic predecessor organ for his new building from 1642–1643 (I / p / 7); 1955 restoration by Ahrend & Brunzema ; Gothic case parts and reworked pipework preserved → organ
Lorris ( Gâtinais )	Église Notre-Dame		Jean Bourgarel	1501	I.	8th	1681 by De Fontaine, 1970 renovation by Jean-Georges Koenig today I / p / 11; Housing and partly pipework preserved
Perpignan	Perpignan Cathedral , great organ		unknown	1490 or 1504	II / P	21st	several modifications, such as by Aristide Cavaillé-Coll in 1854 , Théodore Puget & fils ; Housing received
Lodi (Lombardy)	Beata Vergine Incoronata		Domenico da Lucca	1507			Housing received
Steinkirchen (Altes Land)	St. Martini et Nicolai		unknown	Early 16th century	I.		originally on the north wall; Modifications: 1581 Dirck Hoyer, 1685–1687 Arp Schnitger , 1987/91 renovation by Rudolf von Beckerath organ builder ; 4 Gothic registers preserved → organ
Alkmaar	Laurenskerk (Alkmaar) , small organ		Johann von Koblenz (Jan van Covelen [s])	1511	II / p		Modifications: 1545 Claes Willemszoon, 1685 Johannes Duyschot, 1939 Hendrick Wicher Flentrop ; Housing, wind chest and 5–6 registers preserved
Garding	St. Christians Church		unknown	1512	I.		Organ builder from Lübeck; 1654 Rückpositiv added ( Tobias Brunner ?), 1756 remodeling, 1898 new building; Main work prospectus received
Jutphaas (today in Nieuwegein )	Catholic Church		unknown	around 1515	I.		originally built for Amsterdam, Heilige Stede (named Nieuwe Zijdskapel after the overthrow in 1578 ); 1879 new building by Maarschalkerweerd & Zoon; Implemented in 1895; Housing received
Spilimbergo	Cathedral of Santa Maria Maggiore		Bernardino Vicentino	around 1515			Housing received from Master Venturin from Venice
Ponte in Valtellina	Chiesa di Madonna di Campagna		Marco Antonio Bizzarri	1518	I.	6th	Alterations in 1589 by G. Antegnati and in 1657 by Charles Meadows
Bützow	Bützow Collegiate Church		unknown	1520			Prospectus without return positive, transferred to the collegiate church in 1877, oldest organ prospectus in Mecklenburg, organ work 1877 by Friedrich Friese III
Constancy	Constance Minster		Hans Schentzer	1520			Painting by Matthäus Gutrecht; 1858 reconstruction by Martin Braun, 1954/55 new building by Klais (IV / P / 63); Prospectus received
Amsterdam	Rijksmuseum		Jan Eerstensz. van Schayck	1520	I.		originally built for Sint-Vituskerk, Naarden ; Housing parts received
Oosthuizen ( Edam-Volendam )	Kerk van Oosthuizen		Peter Gerritsz or Johann von Koblenz (Jan van Covelen [s])	1521 or around 1530	I.	7th	perhaps using registers from the late 15th century; Case and register integrated into a 17th century movement
Tours	Tours Cathedral	{	unknown	1521?			1928/1929 new building by Gloton Debierre; Hauptwerk case preserved
Carcassonne	Basilica of St-Nazaire et St-Celse		unknown	1522			1679 new building by Jean de Joyeuse; Modifications: 1775 Jean-Pierre Cavaillé, 1904 Michel Roger; 1985 reconstruction by Bartoloméo Formentelli; Housing received
Kampen	Bovenkerk		Johann von Koblenz (Jan van Covelen [s])	1524			1629 changes by Johan Morleth, 1629 new building by the Slegel brothers , 1741–1743 extension conversion by Albertus Antonius Hinsz and 1788–1790 by Heinrich Hermann Freytag / Franz Caspar Schnitger jr., Around 1825 changes of arrangement by A. van Gruisen, 1975 restoration by Bakker & Timmenga ; 1 stop completely and 2 partially preserved → organ
Old Radnor ( Powys )	St. Stephan		unknown	around 1500–1550			1872 new building by Walker & Sons; Housing received
Asola (Lombardy)	Cattedrale di Sant'Andrea		Giovanni Battista Faccetti / Clemente Zamara da Chiara	1520-1525			Housing and wing doors preserved
Monnickendam	Grote Kerk		Johann von Koblenz (Jan van Covelen [s])	1525			1780 changes by JM Gerstenhauer; Attribution; 3 complete registers, 3 partially preserved
Amsterdam	Rijksmuseum		Johann von Emden (Emedensis)	1526	I.		originally built for Scheemda (Prov. Groningen); Housing and prospect pipes preserved
Krewerd ( Delfzijl )	Dorpskerk		unknown	1531	I / p	7th	perhaps using older registers from the 15th century; almost completely preserved

literature

• Walter Julius Haacke : Organs all over the world . Langewiesche, Königstein im Taunus 1980, ISBN 3-7845-3052-4 .
• Arthur George Hill: The Organ-Cases and Organs of the Middle Ages and Renaissance . C. Whittingham & Co., London 1891.
• Anneke Hut (arrangement): The painted organ wings in Europe (=  contributions to Hessian history 12 ). Stichting Organa Historica, Rotterdam 2001, ISBN 90-804439-2-1 .
• Friedrich Jakob among others: The Valeria organ . vdf-Hochschulverlag, Zurich 1991, ISBN 3-7281-1666-1 ( limited preview in Google book search).
• Hans Klotz : About the organ art of the Gothic, the Renaissance and the Baroque. Music, disposition, mixtures, lengths, registration, use of the pianos . 3. Edition. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1986, ISBN 3-7618-0775-9 .
• Ralph Nickles: Organ inventory of the Krummhörn and the city of Emden . Hauschild Verlag , Bremen 1995, ISBN 3-929902-62-1 .
• Rudolf Quoika : From block work to register organ. On the history of the Gothic organ 1200–1520 . Bärenreiter, Kassel 1966.
• Maarten Albert Vente : The Brabant Organ. On the history of organ art in Belgium and Holland in the Gothic and Renaissance ages . HJ Paris, Amsterdam 1963.
• Michael I. Wilson: Organ Cases of Western Europe . Hurst, London 1979, ISBN 0-903983-89-3 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).

Web links

Commons : Gothic Organs  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Quoika: From block work to register organ. 1966.
2. ^ Karl Bormann: The Gothic organ in Halberstadt. A study of medieval organ building . Merseburger, Berlin 1966.
3. ^ Organ in Strasbourg , accessed on March 26, 2018.
4. ^ Organ in Amiens , accessed on August 25, 2020.
5. ^ Organ in Calatayud , accessed August 25, 2020.
6. ^ Organ in Leiden , accessed on August 25, 2020.
7. ^ Organ in Saragossa , accessed on August 25, 2020.
8. ^ Organ in Bologna , accessed on August 25, 2020.
9. ↑ Van Straten Organ in the Orgelpark , accessed on August 25, 2020.
10. ^ Organ in Wissel , accessed on August 25, 2020.
11. ^ Organ in Tienen , accessed on August 25, 2020.
12. ^ Organ in Lorris , accessed on August 25, 2020.
13. ^ Organ in Alkmaar , accessed on August 25, 2020.
14. ^ Organ in Jutphaas , accessed on August 25, 2020.
15. ↑ Information about the organ on the website of the Malchow Organ Museum. Retrieved August 25, 2020 . 
16. ^ Organ in Oosthuizen , accessed on August 25, 2020.
17. ^ Organ in Carcassonne , accessed on August 25, 2020.
18. ^ Organ in Old Radnor , accessed on August 25, 2020.
19. ↑ organ in Krewerd , accessed on 25 August 2020th