London Stansted Airport
| London Stansted Airport | |
|---|---|
|
|
| Characteristics | |
| ICAO code | EGSS |
| IATA code | STN |
| Coordinates | |
| Height above MSL | 106 m (348 ft ) |
| Transport links | |
| Distance from the city center | 55 km northeast of London |
| Street |
|
| train | Stansted Express |
| Basic data | |
| opening | 1942 |
| operator | Manchester Airports Group |
| surface | 950 hectares |
| Terminals | 1 |
| Passengers | 24,317,100 (2016) |
| Air freight | 252,618 t (2016) |
| Flight movements |
166,152 (2016) |
| Capacity ( PAX per year) |
25 million |
| Employees | approx. 10,300 |
| Start-and runway | |
| 04/22 | 3048 m × 46 m asphalt |
The London Stansted Airport ( IATA : STN , ICAO : egss is) Airport in Stansted Mountfitchet in the District Uttlesford in the county of Essex and is thus in the metropolitan area of the British capital London . The airport, operated by the Manchester Airports Group , is located around 55 km northeast of the city center and handled over 24.3 million travelers in 2016. Among other things, it serves as the largest base for the low-cost airline Ryanair , which serves over 100 destinations from here.
history
Stansted Airport was opened in 1942 as RAF Station Stansted Mountfitchet by the Royal Air Force . Immediately after the war there were plans to expand Stansted into London's third major airport, but the plans were not implemented as there was no need to do so. Instead, Stansted was completely rebuilt by the British authorities in the 1970s for the purpose of fighting terrorism . In the north of the airport, special parking spaces and other facilities were built for this purpose. Since then, six aircraft hijackings have ended in Stansted. Numerous aircraft were diverted to Stansted following bomb threats, the last being three aircraft in 2004 alone. Due to this role as Europe's primary anti-terror airport, passenger traffic played a rather subordinate role until the 1990s. In the simple check-in hall in the north-west of the airport, mostly holiday flights were handled.
Due to the congestion at both Heathrow and Gatwick airports , the decision was made to expand Stansted into London's third airport, and in 1991 the new terminal built according to plans by the architects Norman Foster & Partners was opened in the south-east of the airport. The building was awarded the Mies van der Rohe Award for European Architecture in 1990. The Stansted Express rail link set up by Network South East takes around 48 minutes from the station below the airport to London Liverpool Street, which is slightly faster than the tube to Heathrow. The terminal in Stansted is also more modern than the one in Heathrow. Nevertheless, the regional airline Air UK was the only significant provider of scheduled flights until the mid-1990s, predominantly regional connections to British destinations and major European cities.
Ryanair has been represented at the airport since 1991, but has only been offering cheap flights to mainland Europe since 1997 and has become the largest airline in Stansted within a few years. In the meantime, the airport has grown into the European hub for low-cost airlines.
Following the fundamental decisions of the British government in December 2003 on the development of air traffic over the next 30 years, a second runway was planned, the exact length and location of which had not yet been determined. Three possible variants were examined. On May 24, 2010, however, the airport operator announced that it would no longer pursue plans for a new runway. The reason for this is the rejection of the expansion plans by the new conservative-liberal British government.
Due to the continuous changes in the earth's magnetic field , the identifier of the airport's only runway was changed in 2009 from "05/23" to "04/22".
In January 2013, Heathrow Airport Holdings Limited (formerly BAA ) sold the airport to the Manchester Airports Group for around 1.8 billion euros .
Location and transport links
- location
Stansted Airport is located in Essex County 55 km northeast of London and has road and rail links.
- automobile
The airport is directly connected to London and Cambridge via the M11 motorway .
- train
The Stansted Express connects the airport with Liverpool Street station in London every 15 minutes , and the journey takes just under 50 minutes. There is also an option to transfer to the London Underground at Tottenham Hale . There are other rail connections with Abellio Greater Anglia to Cambridge and with CrossCountry to Birmingham and Leicester .
- bus
Three bus companies connect London-Stansted to various endpoints in central London:
- Terravision connects the airport to Liverpool Street Station in 55–70 minutes and to Victoria Station in 75–90 minutes .
- National Express runs via Baker Street Underground Station to Victoria Station in 85–100 minutes, and the A9 line takes 45–55 minutes to London Stratford Station , where connections to the Central & Jubilee Line of the London Underground, London Overground , the DLR and various bus and train connections, including the Southeastern High Speed connections.
- easyBus goes to Baker Street subway station in 75 minutes.
There are also bus connections to Birmingham , Bishop's Stortford , Braintree , Brighton , Cambridge , Chelmsford , Colchester , Harlow , Ipswich , Leicester , Norwich , Nottingham , Oxford , Rayleigh , Saffron Walden , Southend and Thetford as well as Heathrow , Gatwick and airports Luton . In total, the three bus companies visit over 20 British destinations several times a day.
Terminal building
The airport currently has a terminal that is connected to three largely identical satellite buildings. There are a total of 67 gates (1–39, 40–59 and 81–88), some of which are equipped with passenger boarding bridges . The satellites with piers 40–59 and 81–88 can be reached on foot from the terminal, the satellite with piers 1–39 is connected by means of an automatic people mover . A new arrival hall will be built by 2020. Once this has been put into operation, the previous terminal is to be rebuilt and, from 2022, will only handle departing passengers.
Airlines and Destinations
London Stansted Airport is primarily used by low-cost and charter airlines and serves as a hub for Ryanair (which has its largest base here) and easyJet, as well as the cargo airlines Volga-Dnepr Airlines and FedEx . It has numerous connections to European cities and holiday destinations, including Amsterdam , Barcelona , Prague , Istanbul , Stockholm , Tenerife , Ibiza and Rhodes .
Emirates has been offering a direct connection from Stansted to Dubai since 2018, serving all three airports in the Greater London area.
The German-speaking area becomes Stansted by Ryanair from Basel-Mulhouse , Berlin-Schönefeld , Bremen , Dortmund , Dresden , Frankfurt , Frankfurt-Hahn , Hamburg , Karlsruhe / Baden-Baden , Cologne / Bonn , Leipzig / Halle , Memmingen , Nuremberg , Weeze , Linz , Salzburg . EasyJet flies to Stansted from Munich and Eurowings from Cologne / Bonn and Stuttgart . The destination Vienna is served by the Austrian Ryanair branch Laudamotion . UPS Airlines also operates cargo flights from Cologne / Bonn. In the past, Air Berlin served Stansted from several destinations.
Incidents
- On 22 September 1954 a drifted Avro York C.1 of the Scottish Airlines ( air vehicle registration G-ANRC ) in crosswinds start at the airport Stansted left off; it was over-corrected and the machine swung to the right, collapsing the landing gear. A fire broke out and destroyed the aircraft. All 49 occupants, 5 crew members and 44 passengers survived.
- On April 30, 1956, an Avro York C.1 of the Scottish Airlines (G-AMUL) taking off for Malta got off the runway when the takeoff was aborted at Stansted Airport and crossed a ditch, causing the landing gear to collapse. Of the 54 occupants, 2 passengers were killed; all 5 crew members and 47 passengers survived. The aircraft was damaged beyond repair.
- On September 17, 1956, a fuel tank exploded in an Avro York C.1 operated by Iranian Persian Air Services (EP-ADB) while maintenance work was being carried out at London Stansted Airport. The machine was destroyed. No people were killed.
- On December 23, 1957, an Avro York C.1 of Scottish Airlines (G-AMUN) coming from Malta collided with a tree 1200 meters from the runway on the third approach to Stansted Airport, fell and caught fire. All 4 crew members were killed.
- On December 22, 1999, a Boeing 747-200F ( HL7451 ) crashed on Korean Air Cargo Flight 8509 shortly after take-off, killing all four people on board the cargo plane . The triggering cause of the accident was a defective, unrepaired flight attitude instrument, whose error warning the pilots ignored. As the jet turned, the commander relied on this instrument, causing the machine to dive out of control and dive.
Trivia
Part of the BBC - Mockumentary Come Fly with Me was filmed in Stansted.
Traffic figures
| year | Passenger volume | Air freight ( tons ) | Flight movements |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 24.317.100 | 252,618 | 166.152 |
| 2015 | 22,566,793 | 237.029 | 157.248 |
| 2014 | 19,978,766 | 226.384 | 143,463 |
| 2013 | 17,844,355 | 211,738 | 132.234 |
| 2012 | 17,456,723 | 211,738 | 131,399 |
See also
Web links
- Official website of London-Stansted Airport
- London Stansted Airport route descriptions and statistics
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Stansted Airport sold , austrianaviation.net, January 21, 2013
- ↑ a b c d e Traffic statistics. StanstedAirport.com, accessed January 20, 2017 .
- ↑ a b The UK Integrated Aeronautical Information Package (IAIP) - AIRAC 10/2012 - effective from 20 September 2012. (No longer available online.) UK Aeronautical Information Service NATS Ltd, August 9, 2012, archived from the original on April 15 2012 ; accessed on May 10, 2019 (English, PDF, 7.52 MB; p. 22).
- ↑ a b The Earth moves for Stansted. Stansted Airport, July 6th, 2009, archived from the original on January 12th, 2010 ; accessed on October 1, 2012 (English, press release).
- ↑ London stops expansion of the airport. airliners.de, accessed on January 28, 2011 .
- ↑ Stansted Airport is targeting 43 million passengers . In: aero.de . November 19, 2018 ( aero.de [accessed November 19, 2018]).
- ↑ Stansted Airport is targeting 43 million passengers . In: aero.de . November 19, 2018 ( aero.de [accessed November 19, 2018]).
- ^ Destinations and airlines. In: stanstedairport.com. Accessed May 10, 2019 .
- ^ Accident report Avro York G-ANRC , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on October 27, 2019.
- ^ Accident report Avro York G-AMUL , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on October 27, 2019.
- ^ Accident report Avro York EP-ADB , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on February 5, 2020.
- ^ Accident report Avro York G-AMUN , Aviation Safety Network (English), accessed on October 27, 2019.
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