Frankfurt Hahn Airport

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Frankfurt Hahn Airport
Frankfurt-Hahn Airport logo.svg
Terminal2 hahn airport.jpg
Characteristics
ICAO code EDFH
IATA code HHN
Coordinates

49 ° 56 '55 "  N , 7 ° 15' 50"  E Coordinates: 49 ° 56 '55 "  N , 7 ° 15' 50"  E

Height above MSL 503 m (1650  ft )
Transport links
Distance from the city center 124 km west of Frankfurt am Main,
10.2 km west of Kirchberg (Hunsrück)
Street B50 B327( Hunsrückhöhenstrasse )
Local transport ten long-distance bus routes
Basic data
opening 1993
operator Frankfurt-Hahn Airport GmbH
surface 560 ha
Terminals 2
Passengers 1,496,362 (2019)
Air freight 171,177 t (2019)
Flight
movements
17,066 (2019)
Employees 370 (2009)
Start-and runway
03/21 3800 m × 45 m asphalt

i1 i3


i7 i10 i12 i14

Former logo of Frankfurt-Hahn Airport (2006–2010)
Former logo of Frankfurt-Hahn Airport (2001)

The Frankfurt-Hahn Airport ( IATA : HHN , ICAO : EDFH ) is a 1993 from US military use of converted civilian airport in Rhineland-Palatinate . The sixth largest cargo airport in Germany is around 125 kilometers by road west of Frankfurt am Main . In the passenger traffic it is mainly served by the Irish low-cost airline Ryanair . Due to its past as a military airfield , the airport has no connection to local public transport , but is served by some long-distance bus routes.

geography

Frankfurt-Hahn Airport is located at a height of 503  m (1649  ft ) AMSL on a plateau of the Hunsrück main ridge in the three-country corner of the districts of Bernkastel-Wittlich , Cochem-Zell and Rhein-Hunsrück between Hahn , Lötzbeuren , Bärenbach , Lautzenhausen , Sohren and Büchenbeuren , mainly in the Lautzenhausen district. The closest regional centers are Trier , Koblenz and Mainz . The airport is located between federal highways 50 , 327 and 421 .

history

Emergence

The French occupying forces began building a military airfield in the Hunsrück in 1951 , which was taken over by the US Air Force in 1952 .

At the end of the Cold War , three F-16 flying squadrons were stationed at Hahn Air Base , along with staff and family members, about 13,000 people. After these squadrons were used in the second Gulf War in Iraq in 1991 , the aircraft returned directly to the United States. The US Air Force initiated the abandonment of the site and withdrew the remaining personnel and equipment by 1993.

An information day for politics and the population, with landing and take-off of a Lufthansa aircraft , took place on September 13, 1992. After the end of military use, the US armed forces handed Hahn Airbase over to civilian administration on September 30, 1993. The state government of Rhineland-Palatinate identified the abandoned airfield as the one that was easiest to convert to civilian use . As part of the conversion, an international airport was planned to relieve Frankfurt am Main airport . Unlike this and other airports, Frankfurt-Hahn has a night flight permit and is relatively easy to expand. The first civil flight from Frankfurt-Hahn Airport, a charter flight to Palma de Mallorca Airport , took place on May 22, 1993. On August 24, 1996 for the first one landed Concorde of Air France at the airport. With FTI Touristik also charter flights from the beginning November 1998 Britannia Airways to Puerto Plata airport in the Dominican Republic . The tourism group TUI expanded its charter flights with Air Europa to Mallorca from May 1998 . The airline Ryanair has also been flying from Frankfurt-Hahn since April 7, 1999 .

Name history of the airport

The name Hahn comes from the American era. Airfields usually bear the name of the place on whose area they are built. In the case of Frankfurt-Hahn Airport, this would be the local community of Lautzenhausen . According to initial planning , the military airfield was to be built slightly offset from the later location near Hahn and not near Lautzenhausen. Although the designs were changed, the first name was Hahn . It was also taken into account that international difficulties would be likely to pronounce the names of the neighboring communities Lautzenhausen and Büchenbeuren, which is why the decision was made in favor of Hahn for practical reasons.

In the early days of civil use, the airport was known as the Rhine-Moselle Airport . According to court decisions, especially between Lufthansa and Ryanair, the airport may officially and effectively be called Frankfurt-Hahn , although the metropolis of Frankfurt am Main , to which the name refers, is about 120 kilometers by car in another federal state.

expansion

An extension of the runway from 3040 m to 3800 m to the west has been completed to be suitable for long-haul cargo planes. Therefore the federal highway 327 should originally be relocated accordingly. The Naturschutzbund Deutschland and the Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (BUND) took legal action against the expansion of the airport because the protected pug bat was found in the cleared area. The nature conservation association's action was withdrawn after Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn GmbH agreed to undertake additional nature conservation measures as part of the expansion. The planned closure of the gap in the federal highway 327 fell victim to these nature conservation measures, so that a route via a bypass of Bärenbach , which has yet to be created , is being considered.

On January 26, 2006, the Higher Regional Court of Koblenz decided in an urgent application that the previously extended runway to the northeast may be used over a length of 3500 m, provided that no further clearing is necessary. The dispute between the airport company and the Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (BUND) was settled out of court. The operating company did without some clearing and the extension of the runway can be used since 2006.

A new 440 m long cargo access road was opened on January 15, 2007. From here, a total of three access roads with a length of 265 m connect the freight halls with the apron.

Similar to the Airport Development Fee of the Irish airport Knock , the operating company wanted to charge a fee of € 3 directly from each passenger in 2009 to finance the expansion (the so-called Hahn-Taler ). However, this failed mainly due to the resistance of the airline Ryanair.

operator

The operating company is Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn GmbH (FFHG), in which the State of Rhineland-Palatinate held 82.5% and the State of Hesse 17.5% since February 3, 2009 (retroactive to January 1, 2009) . after Rhineland-Palatinate took over the 65 percent stake in Fraport for the symbolic price of one euro. In 2017, Rhineland-Palatinate's share was sold to the Chinese HNA Group , which also owns the airline Hainan Airlines .

Employment development

Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn GmbH and the surrounding companies are important employers in the structurally weak Hunsrück region.

The airport operating company forecast (in an earlier self-assessment) a total of 10,000 new jobs by 2012. In fact, there were around 2,900 in 2006 and a little over 3,000 from 2007 to 2012. In 2013 it was around 2,800 and in 2014 around 2,500.

military

Passenger and cargo transportation for the United States Army is carried out by Delta Airlines , Polet Air , FedEx , Polar Air Cargo , Atlas Air and Volga-Dnepr Airlines .

For the year 2008, the statistics of the Working Group of German Airports show around 27,000 transit passengers (= soldiers who landed in between). For the same period, the statistics show a total of 55,457 t of transit freight (= military freight landed in between on the way to Iraq or Afghanistan).

The army sent to 2006 several times a week cargo from the material depot Mechernich to Afghanistan . For this purpose Ilyushin Il-76 various companies were chartered. Since 2007, these flights have taken place from Neubrandenburg Airport .

police

The Rhineland-Palatinate Police College took over the buildings and grounds of the former Family Housing Airport of the United States Air Force and has been based here since 1996.

economics

The equity of the airport company (FG) amounted to 44 million euros in August 2012, the liabilities 138 million.

According to an internal report by an auditing company from 2012, the airport company was threatened with bankruptcy at the end of March 2013 . The management contradicted this representation. At the end of March 2013, a 13 million euro loan was due. In February 2013, the state government of Rhineland-Palatinate decided to provide a further 120 million euros for the airport company by 2017 in order to ensure its solvency. The state of Rhineland-Palatinate averted bankruptcy of the airport company by providing the money in a supplementary budget .

Plans to sell the airport infrastructure for 85 million euros to the State Office for Mobility and then lease it back were prohibited by the EU in 2013 . In order to find an investor for the airport, the state of Rhineland-Palatinate planned in 2013 to transfer the maintenance of roads, sewers and buildings on the airport premises to the state budget.

In November 2013, the management of the airport company predicted an annual loss of 10 million euros until 2017, and the business model was "not sustainable".

In 2014 the loss was 45.2 million euros.

Since March 2015, the Rhineland-Palatinate state government tried to sell the airport company. The airport company stated in 2012 that the airport generated an annual tax revenue of 96 million euros.

Sales plans for 2016/2017

In view of a debt burden of 132.8 million euros (2014), Rhineland-Palatinate initiated debt relief and was looking for a new operator. On June 6, 2016, the country announced the Chinese company Shanghai Yiqian Trading (SYT) as the buyer, paying a purchase price in the low double-digit million range. The Shanghai Guo Qing Investment Company was also mentioned at a press conference . It is a large construction company and the investor behind SYT. The companies mentioned are audited by the auditing firm KPMG . According to the business plan presented, the buyer wanted to build a second runway, a retirement home and a luxury hotel on the site and put the Hunsrück Railway back into operation. The validity of the sale is dependent on several conditions, including the approval of the Rhineland-Palatinate state parliament. However, the SWR found out that the companies were unknown. On June 29, 2016, the SWR published a report by the China correspondent Sebastian Hesse, according to which there is a tire trade at the alleged address of the Shanghai Guo Qing Investment Company, where investors who have often been deceived have been looking for the alleged construction company. A few hours later, the Interior Minister of Rhineland-Palatinate, Roger Lewentz, announced at a press conference that the sale had been stopped because SYT was in default with a partial payment. As a result, the State Secretary in the Ministry of the Interior, Randolf Stich , traveled to China to find out about the buyer on site. His findings led to the state government announcing that it would finally stop the sale to the SYT. The suspicion arose that falsified documents were presented in the tender. A report published in April 2017 showed KPMG and Minister Roger Lewentz a number of “gross and gross negligence”. KPMG had fallen for an impostor.

On July 6, 2016, parts of the site of the former Hahn-Housing (Housing = residential area for military personnel and their family members) were sold to ADC GmbH for 3.75 million euros.

The opposition Rhineland-Palatinate CDU - faction turned against Prime Minister Malu Dreyer ( SPD a) motion of censure . Dreyer spoke of a "bad mistake" in connection with the sale, but protested against accusations of electoral fraud. Subsequently, the state parliament decided on an expert opinion on the failed Hahn sale. The aim is to examine whether the planned sale to SYT complied with the criteria specified by the Rhineland-Palatinate Court of Auditors, which apply to the selection of business partners and how to deal with them. KPMG received around 6.25 million euros for its activities by mid-2016.

After the sale of the airport was canceled, a new three-stage sales process was opened. Bidders could express their interest until August 2, 2016 and submit detailed documents until September 1, 2016. According to the EU, the third phase could include several bidding rounds. In January 2017 it was announced that negotiations would only be carried out with one interested party, a company from the Palatinate and its Chinese partner. On March 1, 2017, the state of Rhineland-Palatinate confirmed the sale of its majority stake to the Chinese HNA Airport Group , while the state of Hesse canceled the notary appointment with the German HNA partner, ADC GmbH from Deidesheim, at short notice.

On July 31, 2017, the EU Commission announced that the guidelines for subsidies from the State of Rhineland-Palatinate until 2024 are justified by a solid business plan by the HNA Airport Group so that airport operations are profitable again from 2023.

At the end of 2018, Ryanair denied rumors that it wanted to withdraw completely from Hahn Airport. At the same time, several destinations were canceled for the 2019 summer flight schedule, including London-Stansted, the connection with the most passengers for many years.

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic , Ryanair announced in July 2020 that it would close its base at Hahn Airport on November 1, 2020.

Infrastructure

Air side

The airfield is equipped with approach and runway lighting and a PAPI system. An all-weather flight operation level CAT I approach procedure is available in landing direction 03, and an all-weather flight operation level CAT IIIb approach procedure is available in main approach direction 21. A non-directional radio beacon and a distance measuring device (DME) serve as navigation aids .

Land side

Exterior shot of Terminal 1 in January 2007
Interior shot of Terminal 1 in January 2007

To the east of the runway are the buildings for handling passenger and freight traffic.

The passenger terminal, which does not have passenger boarding bridges , is located directly north of the tower . The associated apron can accommodate aircraft up to the size of a Boeing 737-900 or an Airbus A320-200 .

In order to relieve the passenger terminal, a separate General Aviation Terminal (GAT) was set up south of the tower for general aviation .

To the north of the passenger terminal there are four halls for the handling of air freight , which are designed for aircraft such as the Antonov An-124 , Boeing 747-8 and Airbus A380-800 . To improve the accessibility of the freight building for trucks, a new access road was built that goes around the entire passenger area and parking lots to the east.

In the further course of the northeast area of ​​the airport there are two large halls of the aircraft maintenance company HAITEC, an independent maintenance and repair company (MRO) .

In the southern area of ​​the airport, the Frankfurt-Hahn tank storage company , a joint subsidiary of Shell Germany and BP Europa , operates a tank storage facility for the jet fuel JET A-1 . The capacity has been 2100 cubic meters since August 2010, and delivery is by road. A connection to the branch line of the Hunsrückquerbahn from Büchenbeuren station to the airport , which runs around two hundred meters east of the camp, would be possible after reactivation. Since a NATO pipeline , which is also used for civilian purposes, runs around three kilometers to the southwest , this could also be used for delivery if the demand for kerosene increases. A branch line from the pipeline to the warehouse that was still in use but not in use from the time the airport was used for military purposes is no longer state-of-the-art and would have to be replaced by a new building.

Flight operations

The airport is approved for flights under instrument and visual flight rules and is open 24 hours. Between 9:00 p.m. and 5:00 a.m., air traffic is only restricted for aircraft with noise approval or for special cases. Flights for training and practice purposes are subject to further restrictions at night, at lunchtime, and on Sundays and public holidays.

Traffic figures 1997–2019

year Passengers Air freight ( tons ) Flight movements
1997 19,026 - 7,440
1998 32,040 - 10,064
1999 140.706 - 19,632
2000 380.281 - 23,332
2001 438.486 - 22,912
2002 1,451,530 - 25,564
2003 2,407,911 - 31.092
2004 2,744,550 - 31,484
2005 3,001,898 - 37.283
2006 3,525,359 - 39,610
2007 3,955,661 - 40,980
2008 3,909,862 179,375 40,586
2009 3,743,281 174,664 38,970
2010 3,463,571 228,547 37,081
2011 2,894,109 286,416 32,923
2012 2,791,195 207,520 30,015
2013 2,667,529 152.503 25,065
2014 2,447,140 132,638 19,103
2015 2,665,255 79,661 21,652
2016 2,609,156 72,577 21,220
2017 2,472,198 126,753 21,037
2018 2,011,686 179,499 17,554
2019 1,496,362 171,177 17,066
Two Boeing 737-800 from Ryanair on the apron of Frankfurt-Hahn
Arrival in Frankfurt-Hahn

Air freight

Antonow An-225 at Frankfurt-Hahn Airport

In 2017, Frankfurt-Hahn was the fifth largest cargo airport in Germany (behind Frankfurt am Main, Leipzig / Halle , Cologne / Bonn and Munich ). Freight flights take off from Asia and Europe.

In 2006 two new freight halls were completed. In 2009, as a result of the global economic crisis, air freight at Frankfurt-Hahn Airport collapsed. Qantas Airfreight suspended its flights to / from Frankfurt-Hahn. On September 21, 2009 Emirates stopped the flights to / from Frankfurt-Hahn. In the period from January to March 2009, only 18,344 tons of air freight were handled; in the same period of the previous year it was 29,508 tons. Due to the night flight operations in Frankfurt-Hahn and the night flight ban in Frankfurt, Frankfurt-Hahn was discussed as an alternative airport in 2009 by the state governments of the states of Rhineland-Palatinate and Hesse. Some airlines (including Lufthansa Cargo ) refused to run their night flights via Frankfurt-Hahn in 2009 because the capacities there were insufficient and the logistical effort involved was too great, since "most of the freight is transported with passenger planes".

On February 25, 2009, the first plane landed at the airport by the cargo airline Air Cargo Germany, which has no longer existed since 2013 . On August 11, 2009, the heaviest piece of freight (189.89 tons including loading frame) in air freight history was loaded, a gas generator intended for Armenia . The cargo was transported with an Antonov 225 .

Air France has a branch at Frankfurt-Hahn Airport, but does not fly to it. The branch distributes the import consignments coming from Paris ( CDG ) to the other branches in Germany and prepares the export consignments for the flights, which in turn are driven by truck to Paris and flown out from there.

In the first half of 2012, 103,690 tons of freight were transported, a decrease of 27 percent compared to the same period in the previous year. With the insolvency of Air Cargo Germany (ACG) in July 2013, the airport lost an important customer for air freight.

On October 2, 2013, Qatar Airways announced that as of October 27, 2013, it will no longer operate scheduled cargo flights to Frankfurt-Hahn. In July 2013, Aeroflot's freight division also gave up serving Frankfurt-Hahn. Aeroflot served the airport several times a day at times. The Russian company had four MD-11F cargo planes permanently stationed.

The Japanese cargo airline Nippon Cargo Airlines (NCA) flew to the airport four times a week from 2012 to 2019, most recently with Boeing 747-8F aircraft. So that it can land at Frankfurt-Hahn Airport, an extension of the runway was completed in 2013, the so-called RESA area (Runway End Safety Area). The airline has also been offering animal transports since November 2014 (Live Animal Service). In December 2019, NCA left the airport due to its sale to a Chinese investor.

On May 9, 2014, the Chinese airport Zhengzhou signed a cooperation agreement with the name World Cargo Airports Alliance with the airport Frankfurt-Hahn: “The agreed cooperation serves to distribute freight from China via the airport Frankfurt-Hahn in Europe. Other airports in Russia and the USA would follow shortly. ”However, this cooperation ended just three months later because, according to the first statement, the Air China pilots would not have the necessary licenses for CAT IIIb bad weather approaches . After Christmas 2014 it was announced that there would be no more Air China Cargo flights. At the end of August 2016, it became known that two RAF Avia freighters had been stationed at the airport. They are to start from there on short-term cargo flights (e.g. for the automotive industry) and Europe-wide scheduled services.

On August 28, 2017, Suparna Airlines started the connection between Xi'an-Xianyang Airport and Frankfurt-Hahn Airport.

Transport links

Street

The main connection route for Frankfurt-Hahn Airport to the east (Frankfurt am Main, Cologne, Mainz and others) is the federal highway 50 , which was expanded to four lanes on a new line in the direction of A 61 near Rheinböllen . To the west (Trier, Saarland, Luxembourg, A1 , A 60, etc.) the federal highway 327 is partly developed with three lanes. The Hochmosel crossing on the B 50 in the direction of the Eifel and Belgium has been under traffic since 2019 .

bus

Airport shuttle bus to Frankfurt-Hahn Airport at Mainz main station

Several bus companies offer an airport shuttle to and from the airport. The travel times are (from Hahn Airport) :

A bus line operated for many years, which connected the airport with the metropolis of Cologne (and also for a short time Düsseldorf ) several times a day , was discontinued on December 14, 2014 due to inefficiency.

train

The airport cannot be reached by train. There were plans to reactivate the disused Hunsrückquerbahn by 2018 [obsolete] from Langenlonsheim to the airport . The railway would have to compete with long-distance bus lines .

In 2003, the BUND Hessen criticized the idea of ​​a Transrapid connection between Frankfurt and Frankfurt-Hahn airports as a “completely nonsensical subsidy for aviation” . Their costs were estimated at 2.5 to 3 billion euros in 2002. The considerations “never got beyond the stage of a committed idea” .

Traffic figures

Busiest flight routes from HHN
rank target Passengers
2018
change Passengers
2017
Starts
2018
change Starts
2017
1 SpainSpain Palma de Mallorca 63.291   -5.88% 67,244 416   -0.24% 417
2 United KingdomUnited Kingdom London Stansted 53,807   -8.2% 58,611 354   -3.01% 365
3 ItalyItaly Rome Ciampino 43,559   -2.46% 44,658 256   -1.54% 260
4th PortugalPortugal Lisbon 34,020   -3.87% 35,388 208   0% 208
5 ItalyItaly Pescara 33,452   -0.59% 33,649 215   -1.38% 218
6th LithuaniaLithuania Vilnius 30,909   4.4% 29,606 178   3.49% 172
7th KuwaitKuwait Kuwait 30,323   -36.46% 47,719 220   -14.73% 258
8th ItalyItaly Pisa 29,990   -6.64% 32,122 196   -2% 200
9 MoroccoMorocco Marrakech 29,167   2.97% 28,327 176   7.98% 163
10 MoroccoMorocco Nador 26,953   0.38% 26,850 156   -0.64% 157
11 SpainSpain Girona 26,575   -4.95% 27,958 165   -0.6% 166
12 IrelandIreland Kerry 26,359   -4.06% 27,474 164   0% 164
13 PortugalPortugal Faro 25,912   -22.59% 33,473 175   -13.37% 202
14th ItalyItaly Bari 25,555   -4.83% 26,853 153   -3.16% 158
15th IrelandIreland Dublin 25,491   -23.23% 33,203 161   -18.27% 197
16 North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia Skopje 25,252   14.63% 22,029 138   -1.43% 140
17th SpainSpain Malaga 24,325   -8.55% 26,598 167   -5.11% 176
18th SpainSpain Alicante 22,084   -8.21% 24,060 151   -2.58% 155
19th SpainSpain Tenerife South 21,200   21.08% 17,509 129   22.86% 105
20th RomaniaRomania Timisoara 19,596   -37.97% 31,593 130   -38.68% 212
21st Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina Tuzla 19,561   3.73% 18,857 123   1.65% 121
22nd SpainSpain Santiago de Compostela 19,354   16.91% 16,554 136   21.43% 112
23 ItalyItaly Comiso 18,147   -1.53% 18,429 107   0% 107
24 GreeceGreece Thessaloniki 18,027   -9.92% 20,013 111   -6.72% 119
25th LatviaLatvia Riga 17,903   0.81% 17,759 107   -3.6% 111
This statistic only includes starts. (No landings)

By country

Busiest flight routes to countries from HHN
rank target Passengers
2018
change Passengers
2017
Starts
2018
change Starts
2017
1 SpainSpain Spain 231.088   -13.68% 267.718 1,555   -8.48% 1,699
2 ItalyItaly Italy 230.290   -15.64% 272.976 1,497   -17.97% 1,825
3 MoroccoMorocco Morocco 89,887   -0.36% 90.213 539   1.51% 531
4th United KingdomUnited Kingdom Great Britain 78.097   -5.67% 82,794 585   -2.01% 597
5 PortugalPortugal Portugal 71,634   -34.38% 109,157 469   -27.96% 651
6th IrelandIreland Ireland 51,851   -17.89% 63,152 326   -13.3% 376
7th RomaniaRomania Romania 43,071   -6.06% 45,849 294   -8.98% 323
8th United StatesUnited States United States 36,729   -25.32% 49.183 530   31.19% 404
9 LithuaniaLithuania Lithuania 31,471   6.3% 29,606 181   4.62% 173
10 KuwaitKuwait Kuwait 30,323   -36.46% 47,719 220   -14.73% 258
11 GreeceGreece Greece 28,261   -10.24% 31,485 196   -4.39% 205
12 North MacedoniaNorth Macedonia North Macedonia 25,252   14.63% 22,029 138   -1.43% 140
13 PolandPoland Poland 23,416   -40.7% 39,488 146   -40.89% 247
14th Bosnia and HerzegovinaBosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia a. Herzegovina 19,561   3.73% 18,857 123   1.65% 121
15th LatviaLatvia Latvia 17,903   0.81% 17,759 107   -3.6% 111
This statistic only includes starts. (No landings)

Incidents

A "serious incident" occurred on October 16, 2006: A tornado of the Air Force was a Ryanair passenger plane in the curve climb behind the machine so close that the collision warning device of Boeing triggered. Due to the instruction of the device, the approach was canceled and a new flight was made. Both planes landed safely; the passenger plane at Frankfurt-Hahn Airport, the tornado in Nörvenich in North Rhine-Westphalia in the Düren district. The event sparked a discussion about air safety. The investigations were discontinued because the minimum distance stipulated by military and civil regulations was not exceeded. The military pilot stated that he had noticed anomalies on the approach and therefore inspected the passenger plane, as is usual in such cases.

See also

Web links

Commons : Frankfurt-Hahn Airport  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. a b c ADV monthly statistics 12/2019 (PDF) Working Group of German Airports . Retrieved February 25, 2020.
  2. Database query on the official IATA website , carried out on April 11, 2015
  3. a b c d Deutsche Flugsicherung : Luftfahrthandbuch Deutschland , AD 2 EDFH, pages 1–1 to 1–8, as of March 10, 2011
  4. a b BICC report 4: Restructuring the US Military Bases in Germany: Scope, Impacts, and Opportunities . Keith B. Cunningham and Andreas Klemmer (1995), 66.
  5. ^ Internet site of Knock Airport ( memento of June 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) accessed on January 13, 2009
  6. Ryanair saves - the Hahn-Taler. FR-Online.de, accessed on March 20, 2010 .
  7. Airport bought for 1 euro. taz.de, accessed on August 7, 2009 .
  8. Frankfurt-Hahn Airport: State Parliament approves the sale of the airport to the Chinese. In: Zeit Online. April 26, 2017. Retrieved September 3, 2017 .
  9. Number of workplaces on the official website of Frankfurt-Hahn Airport. Retrieved May 10, 2019 .
  10. a b Jens Koenen: Hahn Airport in financial difficulties . In: Handelsblatt , No. 163, 23 August 2012, p. 5 (similar version online ).
  11. Beck, the breakaway pilot . In: Spiegel online , August 29, 2012.
  12. a b Hahn Airport wants to sue Riebel . In: Frankfurter Rundschau , September 1, 2012, p. R9.
  13. a b Thomas Holl: Rescue on a commission basis , faz.net, February 28, 2013, accessed on March 21, 2013.
  14. Silke Bigalke: Who is going to blow up? In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . April 3, 2013, ISSN  0174-4917 , p. 6 (similar version online ).
  15. a b Rüdiger Kiani-Kreß: Hopelessly on the Hunsrück . Wirtschaftswoche . November 11, 2013. Retrieved November 17, 2013.
  16. Timo Frasch: Average in the Hunsrück? Hahn Airport, which may be named after Frankfurt, which is far away, is chronically deficient. The state government wants to sell it, but that will be difficult . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung . July 8, 2015, p. 4 ( faz.net ).
  17. Susanne Höll: Cock under the hammer. The Rhineland-Palatinate state government is looking for buyers for the Hunsrück airport . In: Süddeutsche Zeitung of March 31, 2015, p. 7.
  18. Rhineland-Palatinate wants to sell Frankfurt-Hahn Airport , Deutschlandfunk -Länderzeit from February 4, 2015, accessed February 6, 2015.
  19. ^ State Chancellery Rhineland-Palatinate: Signed the purchase contract. Retrieved May 10, 2019 .
  20. Ingenious vision or megalomaniac utopia ?: The business plan of Hahn investor SYT. Retrieved July 7, 2016 .
  21. The savior from China - desperately wanted . Tagesschau.de, June 29, 2016, accessed June 29, 2016 .
  22. Lewentz on negotiations with Hahn buyer: State government examines legal steps (full length statement). In: swr.online. Retrieved June 30, 2016 .
  23. ↑ The sale of Frankfurt-Hahn Airport threatens to collapse. airliners.de, June 29, 2016, accessed June 29, 2016 .
  24. Has the once proud rooster soon crows? volksfreund.de, June 29, 2016, accessed June 30, 2016 .
  25. Sale of Hahn Airport: Dreyer now also has doubts about SYT. Retrieved July 7, 2016 .
  26. ^ After talks in Shanghai about the airport deal: Hahn sale to SYT before the end. Retrieved July 7, 2016 .
  27. Landtag of Mainz advises on Hahn Airport - alarm bells went unheard . Retrieved July 7, 2016 .
  28. Susanne Höll Mainz: Very embarrassing bill . In: sueddeutsche.de . April 26, 2017, ISSN  0174-4917 ( sueddeutsche.de [accessed May 10, 2019]).
  29. Hahn Airport: Airport rival ADC buys land . ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed May 10, 2019]).
  30. FAZ.net July 19, 2016: Only KPMG does good business with the rooster
  31. ^ Crisis airport Hahn: Country could avert the risk of bankruptcy . In: Spiegel Online . July 28, 2016 ( spiegel.de [accessed May 10, 2019]).
  32. ^ Provincial airport in need: Only one bidder for the rooster . ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed May 10, 2019]).
  33. ^ Hunsrück Airport: Rhineland-Palatinate signs purchase agreement . ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed May 10, 2019]).
  34. heute.de: "Solid economic plan": EU approves state aid ( Memento from August 1, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
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