Malé Kyšice
| Malé Kyšice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Středočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Kladno | ||||
| Area : | 418,8078 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 4 ' N , 14 ° 5' E | ||||
| Height: | 370 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 495 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 273 51 | ||||
| License plate : | S. | ||||
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| Street: | Kladno - Beroun | ||||
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| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Jan Kuna (as of 2013) | ||||
| Address: | Míru 72 273 51 Malé Kyšice |
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| Municipality number: | 532631 | ||||
| Website : | www.malekysice.cz | ||||
| Location of Malé Kyšice in the Kladno district | |||||
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Malé Kyšice (German Klein Kischitz ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located four kilometers southwest of Unhošť and belongs to the Okres Kladno .
geography
Malé Kyšice is located in the Povodí Kačáku Nature Park in the Křivoklátská vrchovina. The village, surrounded by forests, lies on the left side above the Loděnice Valley , which is also called Kačák here, on a terrace. The Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area extends to the east . The Brdce ( Steinberg , 450 m) rises to the north, the kozí vrch (401 m) to the south, the Hradecká (467 m), Plechovka (473 m) and the Tuchonín (488 m) to the southwest, and the Vysoký vrch ( Grossberg ) to the west , 486 m). State road II / 118 runs between Kladno and Beroun on the eastern edge of the village .
Neighboring towns are Horní Bezděkov and Nouzov in the north, Suchý Mlýn, Na Stokach, Štoka and Unhošť in the Northeast, Nový Mlýn, Cerveny Mlyn, Ryman, Červený Újezd , Svárov and Ptice the east, Hřebenka, Dědkův Mlyn, Markův Mlýn, Dolní Podkozí and Podkozí in the southeast, Okrouhlík, Kysický Mlyn, Libečov and Chyňava in the south, Zelená Bouda, Nižbor and Dřevíč in the southwest, Pohodnice, Kouty, Běleč and Bratronice the west and Poteplí, Proškův Mlyn, Roučmídův Mlyn, Lhota and Dolni Bezdekov in the northwest.
history
On the Vysoký vrch there was an early fortification, which was discovered by Zdeněk Peřina in 1961 and dates from the 5th – 3rd centuries. Century BC BC.
The first written mention of the watermill in Poteplí was in 1423.
Around 1680 a storm caused severe damage to the forests on Vysoký vrch. To remove the wind break, the lord of the Pürglitz estate , Johann Adolf von Schwarzenberg , brought subjects from Sýkořice and Nezabudice to the remote area, who built a settlement of simple timbered huts sealed with clay and moss around a small pond. In 1685 Emperor Leopold I sold the rule to Ernst Joseph Graf von Waldstein . The repair of the storm damage was done with primitive means and took several decades. The settlement known as Kyšické Chaloupky or Na Chaloupkách remained inhabited by loggers and charcoal burners who supplied the stately ironworks with charcoal.
In 1731 Johann Joseph Graf von Waldstein bequeathed the rule to his daughter and universal heiress Maria Anna Fürstin zu Fürstenberg , who in 1756 united her in a will with the rule of Kruschowitz and the Gut Nischburg to form a family entailment of 400,000 guilders. Half of the inheritance went to her sons Joseph Wenzel zu Fürstenberg-Stühlingen and Karl Egon I zu Fürstenberg, the other half to her daughters Henriette Fürstin von Thurn und Taxis and Maria Theresia zu Fürstenberg. She appointed her second-born son Karl Egon I as Fideikommisserbeer , who also acquired the shares of his siblings through compensation. After the death of Karl Egon I, his eldest son Philipp Fürst zu Fürstenberg († 1790) inherited the property in 1787, followed by his children Karl Gabriel zu Fürstenberg († 1799) and Leopoldine Princess of Hesse-Rothenburg-Rheinfels. In 1803, the female heirs renounced a family settlement in favor of the minor Karl Egon II zu Fürstenberg and the princely and landgrave houses of Fürstenberg; Joachim Egon Landgraf von Fürstenberg was appointed as administrator until he came of age in 1817.
In 1843 the village of Chalaupky or Klein-Kischitz , which consisted of ten houses, was conscripted to Unter-Bezdiekau together with the stately hunter's house Poteplí . The Potepl mill was subservient to Neuhof . Parish was Unhoscht . Until the middle of the 19th century Chalaupky remained subordinate to Fideikommiss Pürglitz . The majority of the inhabitants of the village had the family name Šíma. The planned construction of a chapel in 1848 on the occasion of the abolition of the Robot led to a heated dispute between the neighbors Dominik Šíma and Matěj Šefčík, who both wanted to build the chapel.
After the abolition of patrimonial formed Chaloupky / Chalaupky 1850 a district of the municipality Bezděkov / Bezdiekau in District Smichow and judicial district Unhoscht. After the death of Karl Egon II zu Fürstenberg in 1854, his second-born son Max Egon I inherited the Fideikommiss Pürglitz. In the second half of the 18th century, the majority of the inhabitants lived from forestry work, but some small-scale farms also emerged. The hard coal and the coke from the Kladno district replaced the charcoal as fuel for the ironworks. As a result, charcoal burning also increasingly lost its importance. Some of the residents worked in the Kübeck, Engerth and Ronnovky coal mines in Hnidousy, 14 kilometers away. The official place name was changed in 1880 to Malé Kyšice / Klein Kischitz . From 1893 the village belonged to the Horní Bezděkov municipality in the Kladno district . At the turn of the century, the wild and romantic Kačák valley was discovered by the emerging tourism. In 1903 the volunteer fire brigade was formed. Between 1915 and 1919 several Italian emigrants from South Tyrol lived in Malé Kyšice . On November 10, 1923, Malé Kyšice broke away from Horní Bezděkov and formed its own community. In the 1920s, the Rujana trampoline settlement was built in the great meander of the Loděnice, and in 1929 the Okrouhlík river bath next to it. In 1932 there were 247 people in Malé Kyšice. At that time there were u. a. two mills and four inns. In the course of the construction of the Prague line of the Czechoslovak Wall , a bunker was built on the Brdce in 1937. On January 1, 1986, Malé Kyšice was incorporated into Unhošť. Since November 24, 1990, Malé Kyšice has been independent again. The community has had a coat of arms and a banner since 1997.
Malé Kyšice is now a resort. At the former mills Dědkův mlýn and Kysický mlýn there are several extensive holiday homes above the Kačák Valley.
Local division
No districts are shown for the municipality of Malé Kyšice. Malé Kyšice includes the settlement Poteplí ( Potepl ) and the western part of the settlement Hřebenka.
Attractions
- Chapel in the village square, built in 1848 by Dominik Šíma in place of a wooden bell tower on the occasion of the abolition of the robots
- Cast iron cross in front of the chapel, erected in 1849 by Matěj Šefčík
- Memorial stone for the fallen in World War I, unveiled in 1924. In 2009, a memorial plaque to the South Tyrolean Italians was attached to it.
- Meander of Loděnice southeast of Malé Kyšice with the trampoline settlement Rujana , the former Okrouhlík river bath.
- Former Markův mlýn watermill, it ceased operations in 1951, and since 1993 the Markův mlýn natural monument has been located next to it
- Proškův mlýn water mill in Poteplí, the building from the 19th century is now a museum
- Rock summit of Vysoký vrch, at the end of the 1960s the custom arose for visitors to the mountain to bring a stone to the memory of Jan Palach and place it on the summit, successively a stone man , the Palachova mohyla, was created . In 2007 a new 10 m high wooden observation tower with a platform 5 m high was built. Its predecessor building was one of the locations for the film Báječná léta pod psa .
- Brdce rock peak with bunker
- Chapel of the Virgin Mary at a miraculous spring in the valley of the Žlábek brook west of Poteplí, built in 1649. It was repaired in 2000.
- Red Army memorial at the bend in the road in Poteplí, it was erected in 1947 and the remains of two Soviet soldiers who died in Poteplí in May 1945 were reburied there.
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the church
- Josef Prošek (1890–1923), architect in Macedonia, was born in the Proškův mlýn in Poteplí
- Josef Chaloupka (1932–2003), musician and conductor of the National Theater
Lived and worked in the village
- Bedřich Fricke (1864–1905), the son of a Prussian deserter, worked as a translator in Unhošť. In the years 1903-1904 he was tenant of the newly built inn U Netopýra in Poteplí. In 1904 Fricke founded Poteplí, based on Bertha von Suttner's novel Die Waffen Nieder! named the first Czech-language pacifist magazine "Odzbrojte", which was banned after two issues.
- Miloš Sokola (1913–1976), the violinist and composer, spent his twilight years in Malé Kyšice
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/532631/Male-Kysice
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ Johann Gottfried Sommer The Kingdom of Bohemia. Volume 13: Rakonitz Circle. Ehrlich, Prague 1845, p. 283 .
- ↑ http://www.malekysice.cz/?page_id=160
- ↑ http://www.malekysice.cz/?page_id=975
- ↑ http://www.malekysice.cz/?page_id=978
- ↑ http://www.malekysice.cz/?page_id=970
Web links
