Muhammad bin Raschid Al Maktum

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Muhammad bin Raschid Al Maktum, 2008

Mohammed bin Raschid Al Maktoum ( Arabic محمد بن راشد آل مكتوم Muhammad bin Rāschid Āl Maktūm , DMG Muḥammad b. Rāšid Āl Maktūm ; * July 15, 1949 in Schindagha ) is ruler of the emirate of Dubai and vice-president , prime minister and defense minister of the United Arab Emirates . He wasconvicted in absentia by the London High Court of intimidation, kidnapping and torture in 2020.

Life

He was born as the third eldest of four sons of the late Sheikh and Emir Raschid bin Said Al Maktum . His brothers are the late Sheikh and Emir Maktum bin Raschid Al Maktum , the Sheikh Hamdan bin Raschid Al Maktum and Sheikh Ahmed bin Raschid Al Maktum .

His eldest brother, Sheikh Maktum bin Raschid Al Maktum, Vice President and Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) until his death, died on January 4, 2006. With this, Muhammad bin Raschid Al Maktum automatically inherited the office of Head of State of Dubai and became Prime Minister and Vice President of the UAE. He continues to hold the office of Minister of Defense of the UAE.

His first wife is Sheikha Hind bint Maktum bin Juma Al Maktum, whom he married in 1979. His official second wife is Princess Haya bint al-Hussein , daughter of the late King Hussein of Jordan and half-sister of King Abdullah of Jordan , whom he married on April 10, 2004. They have had a daughter since December 2, 2007 and a son, Zayed, since January 7, 2012. Sheikh Muhammad has at least 30 children and six wives. His second eldest son, Sheikh Hamdan bin Muhammad Al Maktum , became the Hereditary Prince of Dubai in 2008 and his third eldest son, Sheikh Maktum, became second deputy ruler of Dubai in 2008.

The Dubai in Port Rashid (Arabic Mina'a Raschid ), the port of Dubai, 2008

Al Maktum owns the fourth longest motor yacht in the world (the Dubai ) and the northern of the two artificial Logo Islands . His net worth is estimated at approximately $ 12 billion.

childhood

Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktum was born in Al Shindagha in 1949. As a child in Schindagha he learned to hunt , especially falconry and the basics of horse riding. When Muhammad was nine years old, his grandfather Said bin Maktum died and his father took over the office.

education

In 1966, Muhammad enrolled at the Bell School of Languages in Cambridge . In 1968 he returned to accompany his father when he met with the ruler of Abu Dhabi , Sheikh Mohammad, on February 18, 1968 , to discuss the establishment of a federation between Abu Dhabi and Dubai. To better prepare for his future role, he attended the Mons Officer cadet school in Aldershot . Here he was promoted to chief sergeant of the cohema company and later received the sword of honor for the best degree of foreign officers and officers of the Commonwealth .

Defense Minister

In 1971, Sheikh Mohammed was appointed head of the Dubai Police and Dubai Defense Force by his father, Sheikh Rashid , which later became part of the United Arab Emirates' armed forces (Union Defense Force). He was the youngest defense minister in the world.

On January 24, 1972, a coup took place in Sharjah , the emirate next to Dubai, and was ended by the engagement of Sheikh Mohammed, who accepted the surrender of the leader of the coup, Sheikh Saqr ibn Muhammad al-Qasimi . However, he was no longer able to prevent the murder of the ruler of Sharjah, Khalid bin Muhammed al-Qasimi , by Saqr's men.

In 1973 he personally negotiated unsuccessfully with the kidnappers of JAL 404, led by Osamu Maruoka, a member of the Japanese Red Army. Later, in negotiations with the three hijackers of the KLM 861, he succeeded in getting them to release the hostages and return the aircraft in exchange for safe departure.

On October 16, 1977 he gave a television interview about the current situation of the Landshut hijacking . He also gave the exact number of kidnappers; he had received the information about this from the flight captain, Jürgen Schumann. After the kidnappers found out about the interview, they threatened to kill Jürgen Schumann . Schumann was later killed in another attempt to save the passengers.

Political career

On November 1, 1968, he was given authority over the police in Dubai and was thus also responsible for public safety. In December 1971 he was, immediately after the Constitution was signed the United Arab Emirates for Defense and General of the Army appointed. The appointment was made by his brother Maktum , the new and first Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates.

In 1976, Muhammad commanded his first foreign assignment in Lebanon . There he tried to keep the peace together with other Arab armed forces as part of the Syrian civil war . On August 25, 1977, he took control of the oil industry and administration of Dubai Airport . At the Dubai airport he introduced a free aviation policy, which caused an increase in tourism in the 1990s.

Business career

In 1985 he commissioned the founding of the airline Emirates . The airline's first aircraft took off on October 25, 1985. Also in that year he founded the Jebel Ali Free Zone (JAFZ), a free trade zone between Jumeirah and the border with the neighboring emirate of Abu Dhabi.

On January 4, 1995, he was made Crown Prince of Dubai, his brother Hamdan as his deputy. His first official act was the establishment of the Dubai Shopping Festival (DSF). In 1998, he opened the Sheikh Rashid Terminal, completing the first phase of the USD 540 million expansion plan for Dubai Airport. In 1999 he opened the Burj al Arab and gave the go-ahead for the construction of the Dubai Internet City . In 2001 he started the The Palm project . In 2008 the construction of the 88 square kilometer, park-like urbanization Mohammed bin Rashid Gardens was announced.

Almost all modern buildings and projects are based on his ideas. Under his rule, the emirate of Dubai is preparing for the post-oil era, as a leading financial, industrial and tourist center in the Middle East with worldwide significance. Sheikh Muhammad is the founding father of the Free Zones as well as a pioneer in the development of real estate projects, the sale of land to foreigners and the introduction of modern land registers in February 2006.

He is pursuing the plans of Vision 2021 , which aims to create innovation, research, science and technology for a high-performing and competitive economy by the golden anniversary.

He has big plans to expand Dubai World Central Airport . The airport opened in 2010 and was originally intended to be the largest airport in the world and be completed by 2017. However, construction had to be paused due to the global financial crisis . The cost was estimated at 120 billion dirhams (25.4 billion euros).

Major business

Emirates airline founded

In the 1970s, Sheikh Mohammed was not only the head of the Dubai Defense Force and the UAE Minister of Defense, he also managed Dubai's energy resources and Dubai Civil Aviation . In March 1985 he planned to start a new airline called Emirates.

The startup cost was $ 10 million and the introductory flight took place on October 25th. Sheikh Mohammed appointed his younger uncle, Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed , to be the managing director of the new company. Emirates has always proven itself to have received no further funding during its rapid growth into one of the largest airlines in the world.

Emirates' executive director said the airline had received no more than $ 218 million in funding from the Dubai government and returned more than $ 3 billion in profits to the government.

In 1989, Sheikh Mohammed opened the first Dubai Air Show. In 2013, the exhibition had already counted 1,000 companies exhibiting and was the venue for the accommodation of the largest aircraft order of all time with 99 billion US dollars invested in the Airbus A380 and Boeing's 777 wide-body aircraft . In 2013, the Emirates fleet already numbered 140 Airbus A380 aircraft.

Dubai Ports World

In 1991 the port of Jebel Ali, the Free Zone and the port of Rashid were merged into Dubai Ports Authority by Sheikh Mohammed. In 1999 he founded Dubai Ports International to develop overseas acquisitions and management contracts. In 2005 it was to Dubai Ports Authority combined to Dubai Ports World to form. In 2006 the company bought P&O for $ 7 billion. As a profitable global company, DP World is now one of the largest ship terminal operators in the world. The company operates more than 60 terminals on six continents, with container handling accounting for 80% of its income.

The Burj Al Arab and Jumeirah

The Burj al Arab hotel was founded in December 1999. It was built according to a design by WS Atkins and according to Sheikh Mohammed's plans as the "world's most luxurious hotel". It was built on an island off the coast of the Jumeirah Beach Hotel , which was the first property managed by the Jumeirah Group , the hotel management company founded by Sheikh Mohammed in 1997 and run by former Trust House Forte manager Gerald Lawless . Jumeirah became part of Dubai Holding in 2004 and operates 22 hotels in ten countries.

Dubai Internet City and TECOM

On October 29, 1999, Sheikh Mohammed announced Dubai Internet City , a technology center and free trade zone. In November 2000, Dubai Media City joined, a content and media production free trade zone that is located at the same location as DIC. Sheikh Mohammed assured the media of freedoms in founding DMC. Since then, numerous other media and technology free trade zones have been developed by the TECOM holding company in Dubai, including the International Media Production Zone , Dubai Silicon Oasis , Dubai Studio City , Dubai Healthcare City , Dubai Industrial City and Dubai Knowledge Village .

Palm Islands

The three palm islands were developed by Nakheel Properties , a finance and holding company largely owned by Sheikh Mohammed. In 2009 development was paused due to the global financial crisis. The first of the islands, the Palm Jumeirah , has been completed and developed, while the second, the Palm Jebel Ali , has been built up but has not been further developed. The third and largest island, Palm Deira , was withdrawn and reintroduced as the Deira Islands. Six kilometers long, with 1000 villas, 3000 apartments, the marina, a golf course and numerous hotels make the palm islands an oasis.

Burj Khalifa

On January 4th, 2010, Sheikh Mohammed opened the tallest building in the world, the Burj Khalifa . It is at the center of Downtown Dubai 's $ 20 billion development , which is comprised of mixed-use skyscrapers, buildings and retail stores. This development also includes the world's largest shopping mall, the Dubai Mall . According to Sheikh Mohammed, it is “a national achievement, a historic milestone and a major turning point in the economy. It is a symbol of pride, not just for the Emirates but for all Arabs. "

Political reform

On January 3, 1995, Sheikh Mohammed's elder brother, Sheikh Maktum bin Raschid Al Maktum , signed two edicts appointing Sheikh Mohammed as Crown Prince of Dubai .

After a decade of practical rule, he was established on January 4, 2006 after the death of Sheikh Maktum bin Raschid Al Maktum | new ruler of Dubai . The next day he was selected by the Federal Council as the new Vice President of the UAE . On February 11, the Federal Council recognized Sheikh Mohammed's nomination as Prime Minister by President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan .

In April 2007, Sheikh Mohammed announced a strategic review of the federal government at federal and regional government level. The UAE Federal Government Strategy , a strategic reform to reveal deficiencies in government coordination and strategic planning, political problems and deficiencies in the legislative and regulatory framework, worked on improvements in social and economic development public sector, justice and security, and infrastructure and rural development.

In February 2010 he announced " Vision 2021 ", a long-term strategy and national agenda.

Mohammed Bin Rashid School of Government

The Mohammed bin Rashid School of Government (previously the Dubai School of Government ) is an academic and research institution in the field of public policy and government focused on the United Arab Emirates and the Arab world. It was founded in 2005 to promote and support excellent government by promoting regional performance for effective public policy. The school organizes political discussions and international negotiations to facilitate the exchange of ideas and foster crucial debates in public policy in the Arab world.

Steps against corruption

In 2001, Obaid Saqr bin-Busit , the head of Dubai's customs authorities and chairman of the World Customs Organization , was arrested on the orders of Sheikh Mohammed after two years of investigations into corruption . A total of 14 officials, including 6 senior officers, were arrested and charged with corruption-related offenses. Unusually, the officers were publicly named and exposed. Recently, the government-owned Dubai real estate company Deyaar was faced with allegations of corruption. The investigation team received an unprecedented investigation procedure from Sheikh Mohammed. The company's director was found guilty of generating 20 million dirhams through corruption and was sentenced to 10 years in prison.

Sporting interests

Equestrian sport

As a child, his passion was riding . He bred horses and won them internationally. He founded the famous Godolphin stables in Newmarket in 1994 and was awarded the Special Eclipse Award in 2001. Out of enthusiasm for the sport of polo , he founded the world-famous VAEHorseRiding polo school in 1996.

In the mid-1990s, he founded the UAE national distance team. Since then, the Emirati endurance riders have been among the best in the world. Many of his endurance horses are trained in the UK.

In 2002 his son, Ahmed Bin Muhammad Al Maktum, became the youngest rider in history to win the World Endurance Championship at the World Equestrian Games and was the first world champion from Asia. His son, Sheikh Majid , was also an active endurance rider from 2003 onwards.

In 2004 Muhammad Al Maktum was runner-up in endurance riding with Nashmi . In 2010 he was able to repeat this success with Ciel Oriental at the World Equestrian Games in Lexington , with his son Hamdan bin Muhammad Al Maktum and Sas Alexis taking third place. They won gold with the United Arab Emirates team . In 2012 Muhammad Al Maktum became world champion in endurance riding on Intisaar in Euston Park near Thetford . With the team they won gold again.

In 1996 he started the world's most valuable horse race , the Dubai World Cup , with a total profit of US $ 4 million at the time , of which US $ 2.4 million went to the winner. At the 2010 World Equestrian Games in Lexington, he finished second in the individual endurance competition behind the Spaniard Maria Mercedes Alvarez Ponton . In 2012 he became world champion with Madji du Pont in the individual and team competitions.

Controversy and condemnation

Escape and attempts to escape and allegations of his daughters and Princess Haya of Jordan

In August 2000, his daughter Shamsa Al Maktum fled one of his properties in Surrey, southeast England. A few weeks later Shamsa was kidnapped in Cambridge and apparently flown to Dubai the next day. There she spent eight years in prison.

Latifa Al Maktum failed to reach the US embassy in March 2018 while still on the run to apply for asylum. In a 40-minute video that she recorded in the event that her attempt to escape failed, she reported, among other things, of her many years imprisonment and torture in a prison within the family residence, of sedations and the killing of individual members of the family and of further executions in the Her father's name. This is a "great criminal" who "tries everything to keep the appearance of a generous benefactor". According to a BBC documentary broadcast in 2018, Latifa Al Maktum planned to escape for seven years. She confided in a French-American businessman who was supposed to take her to India on his boat. Shamsa and Latifa are the daughters of the Sheikh with the Algerian Huriah Ahmed Alimarah.

Princess Haya of Jordan (Haya Bint al-Hussein), daughter of the deceased Jordanian King Hussein I and from 2004 sixth concubine of Al Maktum, fled in 2019 out of "fear for her life" with their children Zayed and Al Jalila and about 35 million euros from Dubai to London and applied for asylum. Divorce proceedings began at the same time. Haya of Jordan filed, among other things, orders against harassment and protection against forced marriage as well as a motion for a warning against her husband, Muhammad bin Raschid, for demanding her return to the emirate.

Sentenced for threats, kidnapping and torture

On March 5, 2020, the London High Court passed a series of judgments in proceedings that his ex-wife Haya Bint Al-Hussain had brought against him since July 2019. The sheikh had tried in vain through his lawyers to have the proceedings closed to the public, citing the violation of his privacy. However, the court ruled that there was a public interest in the trial and also found that the defendant had "not been open and honest with the court". In the judgments, the High Court found Al Maktum guilty of kidnapping Sheikha Shamsa in 2000 and Sheikha Latifa in 2002 and 2018. The court found credible allegations of physical abuse, verging on torture, raised by Latifa in a video. In addition, the sheikh tried to intimidate his ex-wife Haya Bint Al-Hussain with death threats and launched a series of negative press articles against her. In press comments, the verdict was rated as a "great embarrassment" for Al Maktum. After the verdict was pronounced, the sheikh declared that he had not been involved in the finding of the facts, which is why the verdict only expressed one point of view - that of his ex-wife.

Doping of Maktum's horses

Al Maktum has been linked to doping several times . In 2009, Al Maktum was banned from endurance riding for six months by the FEI after illicit steroids were found on a horse he rode . In May 2013, British customs authorities discovered illegal equestrian substances on a Dubai Royal Air Wing aircraft at London Stansted Airport . The illegal substances were incorrectly declared as riding accessories.

18 racehorses from the Al Maktums stable tested positive for banned steroids. The coach was then fired and Al Maktum was appalled. In August of the same year, more than 100 medical products were confiscated from Al Maktum stables in the UK , which are banned there.

Coach Mahmood Al Zarooni was convicted of the offense and Godolphin was exonerated through Steven's investigation. Al Maktum has since banned the use of steroids in the United Arab Emirates , which was not previously illegal there.

Endurance riding has also suffered from the numerous doping cases involving Al Maktum's horses. He himself was convicted of doping in 2009. He took part in endurance races in Dubai and Bahrain with the horse Tahhan in 2009 and the horse tested positive in both competitions. He was fined and retrospectively banned for six months.

other activities

Cultural activity and patronage

In 1998, Sheikh Mohammed founded the Mohammed bin Rashid Center for Cultural Understanding (SMCCU), a not-for-profit organization that educates and clears myths from the culture, customs and religion of the United Arab Emirates . The motto of the organization is “Open doors. Open thoughts. ”With this, the SMCCU tries to improve intercultural understanding and communication between the natives of the UAE and visitors and newcomers.

He had underground stations temporarily converted into art galleries as part of the “ Art Dubai 2015” art fair .

Sheikh Mohammed donated the Patrons of the Arts Awards named after him in March 2009 to honor individuals and organizations who have contributed to art development in Dubai .

On December 7, 2014, the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktum Foundation presented the Knowledge Award, which is endowed with one million US dollars and named after him . The first prize was jointly awarded to the computer scientist and inventor of the World Wide Web, Sir Tim Berners-Lee , and to the entrepreneur and co-founder of Wikipedia , Jimmy Wales , "for their achievements and their contribution to making knowledge accessible around the world" , forgive. The price was split evenly.

Charities

Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktum is known for his charitable donations. After the Bosnian War he donated money to the region for reconstruction. On May 19, 2007, at the World Economic Forum in Jordan, he announced that he was investing US $ 10 billion in the Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum Foundation, an educational foundation in the Middle East. The money is intended to fill the knowledge gap between the Arab world and the Western world.

In 2001, Sheikh Mohammed donated US $ 5 million to the victims of the 9/11 terrorist attacks and US $ 5 million to refugees in Afghanistan and on the border with Pakistan .

In September 2003 he founded the Dubai Humanitarian City , which has since grown into the largest supply center for humanitarian aid in the world. The center is used by nine United Nations (UN) aid agencies and around 50 NGOs and economic operators.

Dubai Cares

In September 2007 he launched the Dubai Cares campaign to raise money for the education of one million children in poor countries. The campaign is a contribution from Dubai to the UN Millennium Development Goals to offer every child a primary education by 2015. The money donated by the public when the campaign was launched in 2007 exceeded AED 1.65 billion (about $ 450 million) and that amount was topped up by Sheikh Mohammed to 3.5 billion dirhams (about $ 450 million). $ 1 billion). Today the initiative is a charity work with specific goals and commitments in numerous countries.

Noor Dubai

On September 3rd, 2008, Sheikh Mohammed founded a new Ramadan initiative called Noor Dubai , whose aim is to help the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Organization for the Prevention of Blindness (IAPB) achieve the goals of VISION 2020 to achieve: the right to sight. Noor Dubai aims to treat and provide healthcare to 1 million people with treatable blindness and low vision in developing countries locally, regionally and internationally. By 2011, 5.8 million people had been reached and treated. A three-year program in Ethiopia , which was set up together with the Carter Center , aims to help another 7,900 villages with up to nine million children affected by trachoma , a bacterial inflammation of the eye.

UAE Pakistan Support Program

On January 12, 2011, the UAE Pakistan Assistance Program ( UAE PAP ) was established to provide relief and assistance to Pakistan and to alleviate the effects of floods by rebuilding infrastructure. The instruction was given by Chalifa bin Zayid Al Nahyan , the President of the United Arab Emirates and Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktum. The UAE PAP focuses on four main areas of social redevelopment: health, education, water supply and infrastructure. The program has enabled the construction and restoration of two bridges, 52 schools and seven hospitals and the implementation of 64 water supply plans.

Help for Palestine

Sheikh Mohammed has made numerous charitable donations to Palestinian causes, including a donation of 600 houses to Gaza after the Israeli attacks in 2009. He also got his victory and prize money from winning a major endurance race for the Palestinians on January 10, 2009 in Bahrain dedicated. He has often pointed out that a two-state solution and an agreement for the Palestine problem are necessary before normalization of relations with Israel can be achieved.

Help for Afghanistan

Sheikh Mohammed met with the US detained in Afghanistan , both publicly and at meetings with US officials, and subsequently donated $ 2 million to provide temporary housing for those affected by the US bombing in 2001 and Lost their homes in 2002. This donation moved wealthy and respected emirates to donate themselves when news spread that Afghan civilians had been hit by the attacks and needed help. This led to the establishment of a village in Kandahar to house displaced families. The following year, around 15,000 refugees were relocated back to their homeland from the Afghan-Pakistan border, where they were housed in emergency shelters.

Awards

Works

As a child he devoted himself to Nabati poetry . He continues to write Nabati poems to this day. The subject matter in his poems is broad and ranges from romance to mourning or topics related to current world events. Excerpts can be found on his website. In 2008, Al Maktum published a volume of poetry in the Edition Lyrik Kabinett at Carl Hanser Verlag .

Every year he writes a riddle in Nabati verses, which consists of numerous questions to be answered by the readers. The difficulty is that the readers have to write the answers again in the form of Nabati verses. Those who answer all questions correctly and send them in in Nabati verses will receive a cash prize. The answers come from all over the world. A translation from Arabic into other languages ​​is meanwhile dispensed with, since a translation of the puzzle into another language would significantly falsify its meaning, style, or even both and make it impossible to solve.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. a b c DER SPIEGEL: Emir of Dubai convicted of kidnapping and torture - DER SPIEGEL - Politics. Retrieved March 5, 2020 .
  2. Urban development in Dubai: tourism, economy, traffic in the Google book search.
  3. a b The Dubai project: Utopia in the desert sand in the Google book search.
  4. Princess Haya's Longing for Freedom Spiegel Online
  5. What do kings spend their money on? ( Memento of October 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) PM, accessed January 12, 2014
  6. a b c Biography: Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum .
  7. Western and modern are not the same. In: Welt Online , April 16, 2006.
  8. ^ A Brief History of Hijacking in Dubai , Dubai as it used to be, October 2014.
  9. 40 years of the Landshut kidnapping: Dramatic liberation operation at the Mogadishu airport. In: Kölnische Rundschau , October 6, 2017; Anne Ameri-Siemens : One day in autumn. The RAF, the state and the Schleyer case. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg 2017, p. 84 (e-book edition) .
  10. a b His company is called Dubai , handelsblatt.com, March 19, 2003
  11. Mohammed Bin Rashid al Maktoum , website whoswho, accessed November 22, 2014.
  12. ^ Economy ( memento from September 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ).
  13. Al-Maktum-Airport: Dubai pushes airport expansion with 25 billion euros , spiegel.de, September 9, 2014.
  14. The Emirates Story , Emirates, October 2014.
  15. Emirates response to US open skies claims , thenational.ae, July 1, 2015
  16. Airbus receives billion-euro order from Dubai , faz.net, November 17, 2013
  17. DP World Limited Like-for-Like Profit Grows 41% in First Six Months of 2014 , DP World. August 2014.
  18. Jumeirah Beach Hotel - Media Fact File. (PDF) Jumeirah, October 2014.
  19. Oakley, Louise: Jumeirah's Gerald Lawless . Hotelier Middle East, October 2014.
  20. Jumeirah Portfolio , Jumeirah. October 2014.
  21. Nakheel to restart scaled back Palm Deira ( Memento of 27 October 2014 Internet Archive ), Gulf News. October 8, 2013.
  22. The will to madness , zeit.de
  23. Mohammed Maktoum: Flashes of Thought. Motivate, UAE 2013, ISBN 978-1-86063-356-0 , p. 33.
  24. ^ Wheeler, Julia: "Dubai's formidable new ruler," BBC News, Jan. 5, 2006
  25. Biography ( Memento from January 25, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  26. ^ Shaikh Mohammed unveils federal government strategy , Khaleej Times. April 17, 2007.
  27. MBRSG , Mohammed bin Rashid School of Government. November 2014
  28. ^ Customs chief on corruption charges , BBC News. February 10, 2001.
  29. 14 government officials arrested for corruption , Gulf News. February 18, 2001.
  30. ^ Youssef, Marten: Corruption team makes its case ( Memento of November 7, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), The National, June 22, 2009
  31. Salam A Amir: Former Deyaar Chief Jailed in Dubai , The National, November 12, 2014.
  32. ^ Results service from August 22nd to 26th , German Equestrian Association , August 27th, 2012.
  33. https://www.dw.com/de/dubai-flucht-vor-dem-emir/a-49434289
  34. Unruly daughter of wealthy sheikh made a bid for freedom. But what happened next? , The Guardian.
  35. Escape from Dubai: Latifa Al Maktoum - Full Unedited Video - Escape from Dubai - Hervé Jaubert. March 11, 2018, accessed April 13, 2018 .
  36. Free Latifa: Latifa Al Maktoum - Full Unedited Video - Escape from Dubai - Hervé Jaubert. Retrieved December 9, 2018 .
  37. Latifa Al Maktoum: Escape drama about the daughter of the Emir of Dubai. Spiegel Online, accessed December 9, 2018 .
  38. Christoph Ehrhardt: Princess on the run: Latifa Al Maktoum has disappeared . In: FAZ.NET . ISSN  0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed December 9, 2018]).
  39. Christoph Sydow: Haya of Jordan and Mohammed of Dubai: In London in court. Der Spiegel, accessed March 5, 2020 .
  40. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/jul/01/dubais-ruler-battles-wife-in-uk-court-after-she-fled-emirate
  41. https://www.dw.com/de/dubai-flucht-vor-dem-emir/a-49434289
  42. Susanne Koelbl , Raniah Salloum: Princess Haya's longing for a free life. In: Spiegel Online . July 5, 2019, accessed July 5, 2019 .
  43. ^ Dubai: Princess Haya's longing for a free life. Spiegel Online, accessed July 5, 2019 .
  44. Christian Weisflog: Where is the Princess of Dubai? In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung . July 2, 2019, accessed July 4, 2019 .
  45. ^ Court decision in London: Emir of Dubai accepts defeat in legal dispute with wife. Der Spiegel, accessed on February 28, 2020 .
  46. ^ Frank Gardner: Dubai's Sheikh Mohammed abducted daughters and threatened wife - UK court. March 5, 2020, accessed on May 6, 2020 .
  47. a b Revealed: the equine drugs seized by police on Sheikh Mohammed's Dubai government jet , Pippa Cuckson, The Telegraph , September 30, 2013.
  48. Sheikh Mohammed's equine operations must not be above the law after recent drug scandals , Paul Hayward, The Telegraph , October 1, 2013, document for Dubai Royal Air Wing
  49. Sheikh orders change to doping laws in UAE , Racing Post, May 23, 2013.
  50. Doping occurs in the best families , st-georg.de, April 8, 2009.
  51. ^ Doping issues and horse deaths may lead to ban endurance racing , The Telegraph, accessed September 26, 2015.
  52. Diana Maier: Endurance Sports: Unauthorized Medicines Discovered in Sheikh Mohammed's Stud ( Memento from September 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), Cavallo, September 19, 2013.
  53. About Us ( Memento of November 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Center for Cultural Understanding. November 2014.
  54. Andy Sambidge: Dubai metro stations to be Transformed into art museum , Arabian Business, May 2014
  55. Patrons of the Arts ( Memento from December 17, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Patrons Of The Arts Awards. November 2014.
  56. Mohammed attends opening of first Knowledge Conference , Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. December 7, 2014.
  57. Mohammad gives Dh 1.7bn to Dubai Cares , Al Lawati, Abbas. November 25, 2007. Gulf News
  58. a b Where We Work , Dubai Cares. November 2014.
  59. ^ Mohammed boosts fund for Palestinians , Al Ras, Haya Farouk. April 2, 2002. Gulf News.
  60. 5.8 million helped through Noor Dubai , Gulf News, April 13, 2011
  61. ^ Noor Dubai Visits Ethiopia , Gulf News. 17th May 2014.
  62. UAE Pakistan Assistance Program key projects , Gulf News, March 5, 2013.
  63. VP donates 600 houses to Palestinians in Gaza , Reliefweb. January 10, 2009
  64. ^ Humanitarian Aid The Focus Of Public Efforts On Gaza , Wikileaks, January 11, 2009
  65. Mohammed warns of 'human catastrophe , Gulf News. September 27, 2001
  66. Mohammed donates 2mn for refugees , Gulf News. October 3, 2001
  67. Donation pledged for Afghan camp , Gulf News. December 2, 2001
  68. Wolf Schmidt: Berlin University cuddles with sheik. In: taz. February 8, 2008, accessed October 21, 2018 .
  69. Anja Kühne: Show your muscles. How the FU Berlin revokes Dubai's Sheikh Maktoum the Medal of Honor. In: Tagesspiegel Online. April 17, 2011, accessed October 21, 2018 .
  70. ^ Poetry by Muhammad bin Raschid Al Maktum
  71. ISBN 978-3-446-23403-1