Oberburgau

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Oberburgau locality cadastral community Oberburgau f1

Oberburgau (Austria)
Red pog.svg
Basic data
Pole. District , state Salzburg area  (SL), Salzburg
Judicial district Thalgau
Pole. local community Sankt Gilgen
Coordinates 47 ° 47 '42 "  N , 13 ° 25' 44"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 47 '42 "  N , 13 ° 25' 44"  E
height 490  m above sea level A.
Residents of the village 100 (January 1, 2020)
Building status 50 (addresses 2017 f1)
Area  d. KG 12.97 km²
Post Code 5310 Mondsee , 4866 Unterach
Statistical identification
Locality code 13871
Cadastral parish number 56105
Counting district / district Unterburgau -Oberburgau ( 50 330 002)
Source: STAT : index of places ; BEV : GEONAM ; SAGIS ;
f0
100

BW

Oberburgau is a locality in the Mondseeland in the Salzburg part of the Salzkammergut as well as a locality and cadastral municipality of the municipality of Sankt Gilgen in the Salzburg area .

geography

The Oberburgau is located 30 kilometers east of the city of Salzburg . It is located around 8 kilometers southeast of the center of the Mondsee market on the south bank of the Mondsee  ( 481  m above sea level ) on the narrow shoreline at the northern foot of the Schafberg in the Salzkammergut mountains . A few meters from the Mondsee shoreline lies the Kreuzstein (Mondsee) , which, however, no longer belongs to Oberburgau, but, like the entire Mondsee, to the market town of the same name and thus to the province of Upper Austria. Opposite are the Mondsee Flysch Mountains with the high plateau .

The village includes some locations. The hamlet of Kienberg is located near Scharfling on the B154  Mondsee road , right on the Upper Austrian border. Here, the L217 Kienbergwandstraße branches off  eastwards, which leads with a tunnel through the Kienbergwand , the northern part of the Schafberg into the Mondsee. This is followed by the Rotten Kreuzstein and Wiesenau on the Mondsee shore. In the Upper Austrian town of See , the Kienbergwandstraße joins the B151  Attersee Straße , while the locations on the right bank of the Seeache , the stream from Mondsee to Attersee, are further Salzburg. This is where the Rotte Letten rennet cutter follows . Oberburgau has around 50 addresses with around 120 residents.

The Oberburgau forms a traffic-geographic exclave of the Salzburg state area. The community capital St. Gilgen is located behind the Scharflinger Höhe  ( 604  m above sea level ) on Lake Wolfgang, 5 kilometers southwest. The Kienberg isolates the eastern parts again, and the Lower Burgau, also in Salzburg, lies completely isolated on the Attersee . The judicial district capital Thalgau is located about 15 kilometers northwest and can be reached via St. Lorenz or Mondsee . The postcodes are 5310  Mondsee for Kienberg (Mondsee has a Salzburg postcode), and 4866  Unterach for the other places. The lake area itself is entirely the municipality of Mondsee.

The cadastral municipality of Oberburgau with 1,297.03  hectares also includes the mountain areas south, from the Scharflinger Höhe over the entire northern flank of the Schafberg to the Schwarzensee valley between Schafberg and Leonsberg. The Schafberg summit ridge with the main summit ( 1782  m above sea level ) and the Spinnerin  ( 1725  m above sea level ) forms the southern border, then it runs in the saddle to the Törlspitz as the state border down to the border ditch . In this area lies the Eisenau , a large alpine pasture. The Holzingeralm and Plankenmoos on the Kienberg and the Valtlalm on the Schafberg-Westgrat are no longer used today.

Neighboring locations, towns and cadastral communities:



St. Lorenz  (KG)
Mondsee  (KG, Gem.  Mondsee , District VöcklabruckUpper Austria )

Mondsee

Sharpling  (O)

(Gem.  St. Lorenz , District Vöcklabruck , Upper Austria )

Neighboring communities Au   (O u. KG)    Unterach (Gem.  Unterach a. A. , District Vöcklabruck , Upper Austria )

Substructure

Winkl  (O and KG)


Ried  (O and KG)


St. Wolfgang  (O & KG, Gem.  St. Wolfgang i.Skg. , District Gmunden , Upper Austria )
Au with the towns of See , Au and Rochuspoint ; the Ortsch. and KG Unterach does not border a few meters, the place is behind Au.

History, infrastructure and sights

Despite its remote location, there is evidence of prehistoric settlement in Burgau. The pile dwellings in Scharfling are found to date back to the 5th millennium BC, the pile dwellings in See am Mondsee , namesake of the Mondsee culture , are among the most important settlements in the Alpine region in the later Neolithic period (3800-3300 BC). There were also Bronze Age tools found. Settlement continuity, however, is unclear, as is the relationship to Roman times, which can also be proven in Unterburgau (near the Kaiserbrunnen) and Weißenbach (Römerstrasse).

In 748 Duke Odilo donated the goods in the western Salzkammergut partly to the Mondsee Monastery (Mondseeland), partly to the diocese of Salzburg (Salzburgland), whereby the Wolfgangland with the important pilgrimage to St. Wolfgang was Mondsee. The associated rulers were Wildeneck Castle on Irrsee (built in the middle of the 12th century) and Hüttenstein Castle on the Scharflinger Höhe (later 13th century). In 1506 the Habsburgs, who had been lords in Attergau since 1380 , also acquired Wildeneck (including secular jurisdiction over Mondseeland), but pledged it to Salzburg until 1664. When it was returned, the Salzburg archbishops postulated their sovereignty over Burgau. The place name probably refers to the rule of Hüttenstein, the only castle in the area, it can be documented in 1557 at the earliest as " in the old or new Purggau ". Only with a state treaty dated May 26, 1689 between Emperor Leopold I and Prince Archbishop Thun did Burgau legally come to Salzburg. Ecclesiastically, the eastern Oberburgau still remained part of the Unterach parish , while Scharfling and Kienberg were part of the Mondsee parish . There were always discussions about separating Oberburgau from Salzburg and adding it to Mondsee, but this was never realized.

The Kienbergwand tunnel (old state road, now a cycle path)

In terms of traffic, the circumstances in the area were always difficult. The whole of Wolfgangland was very isolated, Hüttenstein can only be reached via the St. Gilgener Winkl . The Wiesenau can be easily reached from the east bank of the Mondsee or Unterach, but that itself was quite inaccessible. The road on the west bank of the Mondsee from St. Lorenz was impassable until modern times, the Scharflinger Seewinkel was only accessible from the north by boat . A steep road was only built at the beginning of the 16th century. The Kienbergwand was completely impassable, from Hüttenstein Castle the high path behind the Kienbergwand (Holzingeralm - Plankenmoos) was used, and into the Unterburgau via the Eisenau. It was not until 1833 that the Scharflinger Seestrasse was made drivable in order to meet the increased interest in the route to Bad Ischl in the summer . The Ischlerbahn (Salzkammergut-Lokalbahn, SLKB) was built in 1891 and ran parallel to Mondseer Strasse from St. Lorenz to St. Gilgen and had a stop in Scharfling. It was not until 1896 that the Kienbergwand-Strasse was built, which pierced the wall with numerous galleries right on the lake. In 1907 the Unterach – See tram was built , which was discontinued and dismantled in 1950. The Ischlerbahn was closed in 1957. In 2004, the road through the Kienbergwand, which was finally closed because of its much too narrow and rockfall-driven condition, had to be completely redrawn with a 1200 meter long tunnel. The old road was preserved as a cycle path.

Up until the 19th century there were only a few farms that lived primarily from fishing. The prince-archbishop's forester's house in Oberburgau in Wiesenau was built in 1761 and is now a listed building. The Eisenaualm was mentioned as an important alpine pasture as early as 1550. A small iron mine was also operated here, from which it takes its name. There is a smaller gravel pit in Wiesenau. Today a pharmaceutical company in Wiesenau is the most important employer. Tourism plays a comparatively minor role compared to the other lake resorts, but Kreuzstein and Wiesenau have little-visited public bathing areas, which are an insider tip despite the shade. The Waldhotel Kreuzstein was a hotel until 1975.

The local area belongs entirely to the Schafberg – Salzkammergutseen landscape protection area  (LSG 46), the Mondsee is a Natura 2000 area ( Mondsee – Attersee , FFH EU04). The Egelsee , a small moor lake near Scharfling, which lies exactly on the state border, is designated as a nature reserve on the Upper Austrian side, and a protected part of the landscape on the Salzburg side. The Eisenau with the Buchberghütte is interesting for hiking tours . From there the path leads to the St. Wolfganger Moosalm and to the Schwarzensee , and the path over the Himmelspforte , the path through the north face, to the Schafberg. There are also the Suissensee and the Mittersee on the border , two of the three mountain lakes in the Schafberg-Karen. Below the Schaflingerhöhe there is another path over the Kesselalm and Schafbergalm to the Schafberg summit .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Population on 1.1.2015 by locality: Sankt Gilgen. Statistics Austria (PDF).
  2. ^ A b Alfred Mück: Unterach am Attersee. History of a Salzkammergut summer retreat. In: Yearbook of the municipal museum in Wels 1936, Wels 1936. Chapter Die Salzburgische Burgau , pp. 56–60 (full article, pp. 29–155; first part (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at; there p. 31 ff).
  3. Mück 1936, oldest settlement. P. 42 (PDF p. 17).
  4. ^ Josef Reitinger: Prehistory and early history of Upper Austria. Volume 2, Oberösterreichischer Landesverlag, 1968, p. 431.
  5. Mück 1936, chapter field names and place names. P. 146. second part (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at; there p. 79.
  6. S. Schütz, F. Müller ( Mappa from the federal province. Reduced in 1781 and engraved by CS contactor and written by F. Müller 1787), for example, gave unt [ ere ] Burgau for today Burgau , whether [ ere ] Burgau for today's Burgbachau ; the Franziszäischer cadastre (2nd regional record , original map ) gave UnterBurgau at today's Berghof near Unterach (Fersthof) , OberBurgau near Wiesenau and Letten-Labschneider; the Franzisco-Josephinische Landesaufnahme (3rd Landesaufnahme) gave Unt. Burgau near Burgau, Ob. Burgau near Wiesenau. (Topic first land surveys , online at DORIS, or Franciscan cadastre at SAGIS).
  7. a b But still for 1783 a Mondsee claim was recorded as an unclear border from Hüttenstein over the Schafberg summit to the castle moat; Julius Strnadt : The regional court map for Upper Austria. 1906 (subject of first regional recordings , online at DORIS).
  8. Mück 1936, chapter on traffic , p. 139 ff. (Second PDF, p. 72 ff.)
  9. "You can only get to Unterach safely on foot, with worry about water, with difficulty on horseback." Pillwein: Archduchy of Austria above the Enns . 3. Th. 1830, p. 295  ( Google ). 2nd edition 1843 ( Google )
  10. cf. Streets in the Attergau. In: Atter Wiki .
  11. ^ Leopold Ziller: From fishing village to tourist resort. History of St. Gilgens and Aberseeland. St. Gilgen 1975.
  12. ^ FG Weidmann: The leader to and around Ischl. Verlag Carl Gerold, Vienna 1834, p. 180, NB (side note; digitized version , Google, full view ).
  13. Mück 1936, p. 141 f. (second PDF, p. 74 f.)
  14. ^ Kienbergwand Landesstraße . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
  15. Mück 1936, p. 60 (first PDF p. 35).