Substructure

Unterburgau locality cadastral community Unterburgau
Basic data
Pole. District , state	Salzburg area  (SL), Salzburg
Judicial district	Thalgau
Pole. local community	Sankt Gilgen
Coordinates	47 ° 47 '21 "  N , 13 ° 30' 33"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 47 '21 "  N , 13 ° 30' 33"  E
height	480  m above sea level A.
Residents of the village	40 (January 1, 2020)
Building status	36 (addresses 2017 )
Area  d. KG	10.2 km²
Post Code	4854 Weißenbach , 4866 Unterach
Statistical identification
Locality code	13875
Cadastral parish number	56109
Counting district / district	Unterburgau- Oberburgau (50 330 002)
Source: STAT : index of places ; BEV : GEONAM ; SAGIS ;

Unterburgau is a locality in the Attersee region in the Salzburger Salzkammergut as well as a locality and cadastral municipality of the municipality of Sankt Gilgen in the Salzburg area .

geography

The Unterburgau is located 35 kilometers east of the city of Salzburg , 15 kilometers southeast of Thalgau . It is located on the south bank of the Attersee  ( 469  m above sea level ) in the Salzkammergut Mountains , between Schafberg southwest and Höllengebirge northeast, and the Leonsberg (Zimnitz) rises southwest . The Mondsee Flysch Mountains rise to the northwest with the plateau .

The village includes the localities on the B152  Seeleiten Straße between Unterach and Weißenbach , that is the Rotten Berghof on the south bank of the Seeache near Unterach, Burgbachau , and Burgau just before the beginning of the Weißenbachtal . The latter two are alluvial peninsulas of the local streams. Unterburgau has around 35 addresses with only 20 residents.

The Unterburgau forms a traffic-geographic exclave of the Salzburg state area. The Oberburgau am Mondsee is already isolated from the community capital St. Gilgen am Wolfgangsee by the Scharflinger Höhe and the Kienbergwand , while the Unterburgau is once again through Seeache and Unterach, everything is Upper Austrian . St. Gilgen is a good 11 kilometers west behind the Schafberg. The judicial district capital Thalgau is located 20 kilometers northwest and can be reached via Mondsee . The postcodes are Upper Austrian, 4866  Unterach for Berghof and Burgbachau, 4854  Weißenbach for Burgau.

For cadastral Under Burgau with 1,020.33  hectares of the mountain areas include south which are at Burgbachau the moat into the field cutting below the Eisenau on Sheep Mountain, with Unterackeralm and Oberackeralm , with the field ditch as the boundary, as well as in Burgau no longer farmed Lasseralm and Loidlalm and to the south the Meisterebenalm on the Breitenberg  ( 1412  m above sea level ). There, the border forms the state border on the northern edge of the Schwarzensee and Haleswiessee basins between Schafberg and Leonsberg to the Wolfgang valley and St. Wolfgang am Wolfgangsee, also in Upper Austria .

Neighboring locations, towns and cadastral communities:

Unterach  (O and KG, Gem.  Unterach a. A. , District Vöcklabruck , Upper Austria )	Attersee
Oberburgau  (O and KG)		Steinbach a. A.  (KG) ∗ Weißenbach a. A.  (O) (According to  Steinbach a. A. , District Vöcklabruck , Upper Austria )
St. Wolfgang  (O & KG, Gem.  St. Wolfgang i.Skg. , District Gmunden , Upper Austria )	Russbach  (O)    Schwarzenbach  (O) Wolfgangthal  (KG) (Gem.  St. Wolfgang i.Skg. , District Gmunden , Upper Austria )

^∗ The place Steinbach is on the Atterseeufer behind Weißenbach

View from Schoberstein in the Höllengebirge westwards to Unterach and Schafberg: in the middle the Unterburgau, with the two peninsulas of Burgbachau and Burgau (in front), above the demolition of the Schafberg group over Sechserkogel, Auberg, Ackerschneid to Kienbergwand and Drachenwand on Mondsee (behind), the northern edge the Limestone Alps (on the right the high plateau of the Flysch Alps )

History, infrastructure and sights

A prehistoric settlement has not been proven here, but probably because of the nearby finds (pile dwellings of the Mondsee culture on the lower Mondsee and lower Attersee, Bronze Age in Oberburgau). In the 1870s, various tools and fragments from the turn of the century were found near the Kaiserbrunnen , which may already be Roman. Roman settlement is documented in neighboring Weißenbach .

There is no evidence that the name refers to an abandoned castle. Originally the location was called Appenau or Abtenau until the 17th century . When Duke Odilo donated the goods in the western Salzkammergut partly to the Mondsee Monastery (Mondseeland) and partly to the diocese of Salzburg (Salzburgland) in 748 , today's lower burgau remained part of the Attergau . The associated lordships were Wildeneck Castle on the Irrsee (built in the middle of the 12th century) and Hüttenstein Castle on the Scharflinger Höhe (later 13th century), while Attergau remained independent. The area of ​​the Wolfgangland , with the important pilgrimage to St. Wolfgang , was disputed between the Bavarian, later Austrian Mondsee, and the sovereign Salzburg since the Middle Ages. It belonged to Mondsee, and the best pilgrimage route is via Burgau and Schwarzensee. The old name Abtenau should therefore refer to the Mondsee or Traunkirchen abbots. The income from this pilgrimage was significant and led to the wealth of the Mondsee monastery. The Salzburg diocese is likely to have acquired fishing rights on Lake Attersee early on. At the turn of the Middle Ages there were two noble farms here, one on the Unterache (Seeache) and one in Burgau itself. In the 14th century, the Vischmaister zu Burgau, the first documented family in the area, submitted to the Salzburg Archbishopric, during the Attergau 1380 the Hapsburg Austria came. They were primarily interested in the wood rights for their salt works in Ischl , the actual Salzkammergut. In 1506 the Habsburgs also acquired Wildeneck (including secular jurisdiction over the Mondseeland), but pledged it to Salzburg until 1664. When it was returned, the Salzburg archbishops postulated their sovereignty over Burgau, and the current name probably originated in relation to the rule of Hüttenstein, the only castle in the area. The place name can be documented in 1557 at the earliest as "in the old or new Purggau ". Only with a state treaty dated May 26, 1689 between Emperor Leopold I and Prince Archbishop Thun did Burgau legally come to Salzburg. In terms of the church, however, it always remained a part of the Unterach parish . There were always discussions about separating the Unterburgau from Salzburg and adding it to Unterach, but this was never realized.

The Kienbergwand at the Mondsee, which breaks off directly into the lake, was previously completely impassable, from Hüttenstein Castle to the Unterburgau the high path behind the Kienberg (Holzingeralm - Plankenmoos) and over the Eisenau was probably used. The connection from Weißenbach was better, where the Salinenamt received "a good road [...] to Ischel " as early as the 18th century (today's B153 , this route has proven Roman origins), the road via Steinbach into the Alpine foothills (B152), previously private "Wretched route", but was not expanded until 1840. Unterach was also difficult to reach until the early 19th century. The only “inner Austrian” route for the pilgrims to St. Wolfgang was, because of the ownership structure, from Weißenbach via the Fachbergsattel and the Haleswies. The route from Unterach to Weißenbach (today's B152 ) was only made mobile in 1891. In 1896 the Kienbergwand-Straße was built, which was expanded with a completely new tunnel in 2005 in order to better connect Burgau to St. Gilgen. In 1907 the Unterach – See tram was built , which was discontinued and dismantled in 1950. In the 1970s and again in 2008 the B152 was also expanded.

The main route of transport used to be the lake. The Attersee liner shipping began in 1869, there were even two ships called Burgau (a small screw steamer in 1923; and the Elektroboot Handel was called that from 1945). After the line operation was discontinued in 1964, Burgau and Burgbachau were not served for a number of years. Burgbachau has had a mooring again since 2015.

Burggrabenklamm

Until the 19th century, the three places were only rural individual layers, de mainly lived from fishing. It was only with the beginning of the summer freshness in the Salzkammergut that tourist facilities emerged, in particular the Hotel Alpenblick , the Waldhotel am See and the Hotel Burgau , a number of Salzkammergut villas and a few inns. The hotels no longer have a restaurant, the hotel in Burgau was demolished.

The main attraction is the Burggrabenklamm , it is designated as a natural monument (NDM 45). The Valerie path there was laid out in 1890. After being temporarily closed, the gorge has been open to visitors again since 2015. The local area belongs entirely to the Schafberg – Salzkammergutseen landscape protection area  (LSG 46), the Attersee is a Natura 2000 area ( Mondsee – Attersee , FFH EU04). The Eisenau and the path through the Himmelspforte to the Schafberg, the Schwarzensee and the Haleswiessee are interesting as hiking tours .

literature

• Alfred Mück: Unterach am Attersee. History of a Salzkammergut summer retreat. In: Yearbook of the municipal museum in Wels 1936, Wels 1936. especially chapter Die Salzburgische Burgau , pp. 56–60 (full article pp. 29–155, first part (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at, there especially p. 31 ff, second part (PDF) in the forum OoeGeschichte.at)

Individual evidence

• 50330 - Sankt Gilgen. Community data, Statistics Austria .

1. ↑ Population on 1.1.2015 by locality: Sankt Gilgen. Statistics Austria (pdf).
2. ^ Mück 1936, oldest settlement II. Roman times , p. 43 ff (in the first pdf p. 18).
3. ↑ ^{a b} Lit. Mück: Unterach. 1936, p. 57 (first pdf p. 32).
4. ↑ ^{a b} S. Schütz, F. Müller ( Mappa from the federal province. Reduced in 1781 and engraved by CS contactor and written by F. Müller 1787), for example, gave unt [ ere ] Burgau for today Burgau, whether [ ere ] Burgau for today's Burgbachau; the Franziszäischer cadastre (2nd regional record , original map ) gave UnterBurgau at today's Berghof near Unterach (Fersthof) , OberBurgau near Wiesenau and Letten-Labschneider ; the Franzisco-Josephinische Landesaufnahme (3rd Landesaufnahme) gave Unt. Burgau near Burgau, Ob. Burgau near Wiesenau; Burgbachau was listed as a Lasser , Burgau can also be found old as Loidl (subject of first regional surveys , online at DORIS, or Franziszäischer cadastre at SAGIS).
5. ↑ The Trunseo Abbey (Altmünster) passed away in 905.
6. ↑ ^{a b} Mück, 1936, p. 58 (first pdf p. 33).
7. ↑ Mück 1936, p. 59 (first pdf p. 34).
8. ↑ Mück 1936, chapter field names and place names , p. 146 (second pdf, p. 79).
9. ↑ ^{a b} Mück 1936, p. 60 (pdf p. 35).
10. ↑ ^{a b} Mück 1936, chapter traffic , p. 139 ff (second pdf, p. 72 ff).
11. ↑ Josephinisches Lagebuch 1788.
12. ↑ ^{a b} Information on streets in Attergau. In: Atter Wiki .
13. ↑ "One can certainly only get to Unterach on foot, with worry about water, with difficulty on horseback." Pillwein: Archduchy of Austria above the Enns . 3. Th. 1830, p. 295  ( Google ). 2nd edition 1843 ( Google )
14. ↑ Mück 1936, p. 141 f (second pdf, p. 74 f).
15. ↑ Burggrabenklamm is served by shipping again. atterseelife.at, undated (March 2015).
16. ↑ cf. Villas in Burgau. In: Atter Wiki.