27 e régiment d'infantry
|
Régiment de Villeroy |
|
|---|---|
 Internal association badge |
|
| active | 1616 to May 1998 |
| Country |
 France
|
| Armed forces |
 French armed forces
|
| Armed forces |
Armée française de terre
|
| Branch of service | infantry |
| Type | Infantry regiment |
| Strength | 1250 (with reserve company) |
| Location | Dijon |
| Patron saint | Saint-Maurice d'Agaune |
| motto | Vite et bien, sans peur de rien |
| commander | |
| commander | Last: Lieutenant Colonel Zeller |
The 27 e régiment d'infanterie (27 e RI) was an infantry regiment of the French army.
Before regiment numbering was introduced on January 1, 1791, it was last named Régiment de Villeroy in the royal French army .
Lineup and renaming
- November 13, 1616: Establishment of the "Régiment de Villeroy" through a patent from King Louis XIII.
- August 1631: The new regiment owner was the Chevalier d'Alincourt, followed by the renaming to "Régiment d'Alincourt".
- September 15, 1635: the regiment received the Drapeau blanc and from then on was called "de Lyonnais".
- January 19, 1714: incorporation of the "Régiment de Monaco"
- December 13, 1714: incorporation of the "Régiment de Charolais"
- December 10, 1762: incorporation of the "Régiment de Nice"
- 1776: In Calais , the 1st and 3rd Battalions were handed over to form the Régiment du Maine .
- January 1, 1791: In the course of the French Revolution , the regiments were only identified by numbers. From then on the regiment was called the 27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (ex-Lyonnais) .
First reorganization (also first amalgamation or first formation) In the course of this reorganization from 28th Thermidor on II (15th August 1794) the merging of the
- 1st battalion 27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (ex-Lyonnais) with:
- the one he battalion de volontaires du Bas-Rhin (1 Oberrheinisches volunteer battalion)
- and the 3 e bataillon de volontaires de la Moselle (3rd battalion of the Moselle volunteers)
- "53 e demi-brigade de première formation" (53rd half-brigade of the first formation)
as well as:
- 2nd battalion 27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne (ex-Lyonnais) with:
- the one he battalion de volontaires du Puy-de-Dôme (1 Puy de Dome volunteer battalion)
- and the 1 er bataillon de volontaires de l'Indre (1st Indre Volunteer Battalion) to:
- "54 e demi-brigade de première formation" (54th half-brigade of the first formation)
This so-called “first amalgamation” was followed by a second on 26 vendémiaire to V (October 17, 1796). A "27 e demi brigade de deuxième formation" (27th half-brigade of the second formation) was set up here.
On September 27, 1803, the previous "27 e demi-brigade" became the 27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne .
There was no name change during the First Restoration and the Rule of the Hundred Days .
On July 16, 1815, the entire Napoleonic army was dismissed in the course of the Second Restoration
- August 11, 1815: the 56 e Légion de la Moselle was built from the remains of the former regiment .
- 1820: The 27 e légion de la Moselle was 27 e régiment d'infantry de ligne renamed
- 1882: Renaming to "27 e régiment d'infanterie"
- 1914: During the mobilization, the regiment set up its reserve regiment, the 227 e régiment d'infanterie
Mestres de camp / Colonels
Mestre de camp was from 1569 to 1661 and from 1730 to 1780 the denomination of rank for the regiment holder and / or for the officer in charge of the regiment. The name "Colonel" was used from 1721 to 1730, from 1791 to 1793 and from 1803 onwards.
After 1791 there were no more regimental owners.
Should the Mestre de camp / Colonel be a person of the high nobility who had no interest in leading the regiment (such as the king or queen), the command was given to the "Mestre de camp lieutenant" (or “Mestre de camp en second”) or the “Colonel-lieutenant” or “Colonel en second”.
- Regiment de Lyonnais
- 1772: Colonel Henri-Georges-César de Chastellux
- 27 e regiment d'infanterie de ligne (ex-Lyonnais).
- 1791: Colonel (**) Philippe André François de Fezensac
- 1792: Colonel Constantin Joseph Dumortier
(...)
- 27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
- 1803: Colonel (**) Martial Bardet baron de Maison Rouge
- 1804: Colonel (*) Jean-Baptiste Charnotet
- 1807: Colonel (*) Baron Jean-Baptiste Pierre Menne
- 1811: Pierre-Etienne-Simon Gaudin
- 1813: Colonel Pierre François Deschamps (wounded in 1813)
- Legion de la Moselle
- April 20, 1814: Colonel Alexandre Émeric de Durfort-Civrac (Légion de Maine-et-Loire)
- 27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
- June 8, 1848: Colonel (**) Anne-Joseph Théodore Peyssard (de Passorio)
- 1854: Colonel Adam (commander during the Crimean War)
- 1857: Colonel (*) Louis Come Agard de Rouméjoux
- 1870: Colonel Ernest Ezéchiel Marie Bon de Barolet
- 27 e régiment d'infantry
- July 8, 1904–1910: Colonel (**) Léon Raffenel
- 1914: Colonel (*) Valentin
- 1914: Colonel Tisserand
- 1917: Lieutenant-colonel Santini
- 1939: Colonel Quantin (until May 29, 1940)
- 1977: Lieutenant-Colonel Zeller
(*) later Général de brigade
(**) later Général de division
Huguenot Wars
- 1621 Siege of Montauban
War of the Palatinate Succession (1688 to 1697)
- 1693 : Together with the Régiment d'Artois and the next to the Régiment de Navarre in the battle of Neer winds and the siege of Charleroi
Wars of the Revolution and the First Empire
- 1793 :
Second battle near Weissenburg
Between 1794 and 1803 there was no 27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne
- 1805: Campaign in Austria
- 1806: Campaign in Prussia and Poland
- 1807:
- March 15, 1811 : In the battle at Foz d'Aronce, the regimentz lost their eagles
- 1814: Battle of Orthez
Franco-German War
From August 1, 1870, the "27 e régiment d'infanterie de ligne" was assigned to the Armée du Rhin .
Together with the "19 e bataillon de chasseurs à pied" (19 battalion Hunter walking) under Commandant De Marqué and 17 e régiment d'infantry under Colonel Valentin Weissemburger, the RI 27e formed the "1 he brigade" of Général Antoine Dominique Abbatucci .
This 1st Brigade in turn formed the 3 e division d'infanterie (3rd Infantry Division), commanded by Général de , with the 2nd Brigade of Général Charles Louis de Fontanges de Couzan , two field gun batteries with four cannons each, a Mitrailleuse battery and a pioneer company division Joseph Florent Ernest Guyot de Lespart .
The regiment fought in this war in the battle of Beaumont and then belonged to the fortress garrison during the siege of the citadel of Bitsch .
First World War
At the time of mobilization, the regiment was garrisoned in Dijon . It belonged to the “30 e brigade d'infanterie”, “15 e division d'infanterie”, “8 e corps d'armée”.
1914
From January 1917 to November 1918 the regiment belonged to the 16 e division d'infanterie.
- August to September
- Fights in Lorraine at: Charmes (Vosges) , Embermesnil, Fraimbois, Herbeviller, Hablutz, St Georges, Foulcrey, Hesse, ridge of Dolving, Trouée de Charmes, Rozelieures, La Mortagne, Vallois, Moyen, Seranville, Mare aux Vaches, Saint- Mihiel , Sainte-Menehould , Gizaucourt
- 21-22 September before Apremont (Oise)
- November to December Woëvre plain: Vaux lès Palameix, Bois Bouchot, Bois des Chevaliers, Bois Baugny
1915
- January to September
- Meuse heights: Bois d'Ailly (April 10th), Forêt d'Apremont, Saillant Beaulieu
- Opérations d'avril en Woëvre: Saint-Mihiel
- Champagne (septembre-décembre): Somme Tourbe, cote 203, trou Bricot, Butte de Tahure (25 au 30 septembre), ravin des Mures
1916
- January to June
- Fight at Saint-Mihiel , in the Brûlé forest, Louvière forest.
- July to August
- Battle of Verdun : in the Vaux forest, Ravin des Fontaines (Brunennschlucht).
- September
- Trench warfare in Lorraine: at Reillon and Veho.
- December 1916 to January 1917
- Fights on the Somme : at Villers-Carbonnel, Dompierre, Belloy en Santerre.
1917
- January to April:
- April to May: positional battles at Cornillet and the Bois de la Grille
- July 1918 to July 1918
- Fights in Champagne : Maison de Champagne, Main de Massiges, Mont Têtu, Ravin de l'étang, Ville-sur-Tourbe
1918
- Second battle of the Marne : Sapicourt, Branscourt, La Vesle.
- September to October
- Fights in Champagne: Moulin Cuissat, Prouilly, Marzilly, Hermonville, Moulin de Loivre, Ferme du Luxembourg, Orainville, Avaux, Ferme du Tremblot.
Second World War
As an active, motorized infantry regiment, the unit was mobilized by the Center mobilisateur d'infanterie 81 (Infantry Mobilization Center 81) in the barracks in Dijon . The commanding officer was Colonel Quantin (fallen May 29, 1940), then Commandant Gaillache (captured on the same day).
The regiment was part of the "15 e division d'infanterie motorisée" (15th motorized infantry division) of Général Juin, which was under the 4th Corps of the 1st Army.
Fully equipped, the regiment had three motorized infantry battalions and an anti-tank company.
In September the division left its peace garrison and took up positions in the defense bar around Forbach (Moselle) in Lorraine . The divisional headquarters were established in Chauny . The troops used the relatively calm seated warfare to improve their training.
On May 10, 1940, the regiment moved to Sissonne and, after the outbreak of fighting, marched with his division to Belgium in the area of Plan Dyle (near Breda ). From May 12, the division took positions east of the towns of Ernage and Gembloux . The 27th RI did not arrive until May 13th and occupied the Gembloux-Beuzet sector with the other two infantry regiments of the division, the (134e régiment d'infanterie and 4 e régiment d'infanterie ). On May 15, the 27 e RI south of Gembloux and the 4 e RI near Beuzet were attacked by German tank units. The attacks were so serious that the order to withdraw towards Wavre / Charleroi was given that evening . On May 16, the German tanks attacked again, so that the current line Brye / Saint-Amand / Fleurus had to be abandoned. This withdrawal was in good order and was covered by the 134 e RI.
On May 17, the division continued its retreat towards Valenciennes and Mons , although the attacks were no longer as strong as on the previous days. May 18 passed quietly, but the retreat continued to the east of Mons, and then on May 19, intercepting positions between Escaut de Condé-sur-Escaut and Prouvy were taken. On May 20, the one hit he division d'infantry motorisée (first motorized infantry Division) for reinforcement, whereupon the front line to Bruay-sur-Escaut could be extended.
Work on expanding the positions was continued until May 23, and a German attack was rejected on the same day. The bridges over the Escaut could be blown up. On May 24th another infantry attack at Anzin and Trith-Saint-Léger could be repulsed by the 4 e RI and the 27 e RI. On May 26, the retreat to Lille continued. The division's troops were thrown into disarray on the congested streets. On May 28, most of the division was encircled in a suburb south of Lille. The escaped parts crossed the Deûle on the evening of May 27th and withdrew to Dunkirk . This was around the 1st Battalion of the 27 e RI, as well as some stragglers. This troop was loaded onto ships in Dunkirk on June 1, 1914 and put on land in Brest on June 3 . Parts of the regiment merged with the 123 e bataillon d'infanterie (then became the 3rd battalion of the 43 e régiment d'infanterie ). The 2nd and 3rd battalions were initially incorporated into the Groupement Molinié . At around 6:30 p.m. on May 27, the 3rd Battalion at Templeuve was surrounded by motorized German patrols. The remainder of the regiment fought on May 27 in the defense of Wattignies and Templemars. Around 5 p.m., the order to withdraw was issued on Faubourg des postes (Lille), which was defended by the 4 e GRDI (Groupe de reconnaissance de division d'infanterie - Infantry Division Reconnaissance Group). The defense of Faubourg des Postes continued until May 29, 1940 at 1900, when General Juin ordered the cessation of fire. At 1930, the Germans entered Faubourg des Postes and took the defenders prisoner.
With effect from February 5, 1941, the organization of the military in the unoccupied zone was reorganized in France. The 27 e RI was reorganized in Montmorillon . After the German occupation of the free zone, it was disbanded on November 27, 1942.
On October 15, 1944, the "27 e régiment d'infanterie" was reorganized. On December 20, 1944, it consisted of 648 men in two battalions. Until the end of the war it was used in the siege of Saint-Nazaire , which had been held by the Germans until then .
Uniforms of the Ancien Régime
Regiment de Lyonnais 1720–1734
Regiment de Lyonnais 1734–1762
Regiment de Lyonnais 1762–1776
régiment de Lyonnais 1776–1779
régiment de Lyonnais 1779–1791
27 e regiment d'infanterie de ligne 1791–1794
Regimental flag
On the back of the regimental flag (since Napoleonic times) the campaigns and battles in which the regiment took part are listed in gold letters.
Awards
The flag ribbon is decorated with the Croix de guerre with two palm branches, a gold-plated and a silver star.
It received these awards for:
- two honorable mentions in the army report,
- an honorable mention in the army corps report,
- an honorable mention in the divisional report.
The members of the regiment have the right to wear the Fourragère in the colors of the Croix de guerre 1914–1918.
Motto
(Fast and good - is not afraid of anything)
literature
- Victoires, conquêtes, désastres, revers et guerres civiles des Français de 1792 à1815 , écrits par une société de militaires et de gens de lettres (1817).
- Les sites internet sur l'Empereur dont celui de Monsieur Ouvrard histoire-empire.org , le Bivouac
- Les Français en Espagne (1808-1814) , Just Jean Étienne Roy.
- Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire de France under the dictée de Napoléon à Sainte-Hélène, tome IV, Report historique sur la 27 e demi-brigade.
- Les revues Tradition Magazine , Consulat et Empire etc.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The white body flag was a privilege at that time and was only given to the permanently existing regiments. They could only keep the temporarily established regiments if they had proven themselves worthy.
- ↑ Demi-brigades de première formation 1 - 50 on www.1789-1815.com
- ↑ This was done to give the unserved and inexperienced volunteers a corset made of trained soldiers
- ↑ "Legion" to distinguish oneself from the regiments of the Napoleonic Army
- ^ Courrier de Paris, April 22
- ↑ http://chtimiste.com/regiments/ligne1-50.htm
- ↑ « Décision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT du 14 September 2007 relative aux inscriptions de noms de batailles sur les drapeaux et étendards des corps de troupe de l'armée de terre, du service de santé des armées et du service des essences des armées, Bulletin officiel des armées, n ° 27, 9 November 2007 »(German:“ Provision n ° 12350 / SGA / DPMA / SHD / DAT of September 14, 2007 on the appearance of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the Troops of the army, the medical service and the fuel supply branch. Published with the official army bulletin No. 27 of November 9, 2007 ")
- ↑ " Arrêté relatif à l'attribution de l'inscription AFN 1952–1962 sur les drapeaux et étendards des formations des armées et services, du 19 novembre 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie " (German: "Order AFN 1952–1962 on the assignment of the inscriptions on the flags and standards of the formations of the army and the services of November 19, 2004 (A) NORDEF0452926A Michèle Alliot-Marie ")
- ↑ This also applies to units that have already been disbanded, as they can (theoretically) be put back into active service at any time
French regiments:
d'Agénois (1692) |
d'Agénois (1776) |
d'Anjou (1604) |
d'Anjou (1753) |
d'Angoulême |
d'Armagnac |
d'Artois |
d'Aunis |
d'Aunis (1621) |
d'Austrasie |
d'Auvergne |
d'Auxerrois (1692) |
d'Auxerrois (1776) |
de Bassigny |
de Bassigny (1775) |
de Béarn (1684) |
de Béarn (1576) |
de Beauce (1684) |
de Beauce (1762) |
de Berry (1684) |
de Berry (1762) |
de Brie |
de Bresse |
de Bretagne |
de Bourbon |
de Bourbonnais |
de Bourgogne |
de Cambis |
de Champagne |
de Chartres |
Colonel Général |
de Condé |
de Conti (1649) |
de Conti (1776) |
de Dauphiné (1684) |
de Dauphiné (1663) |
you Dauphin |
d'Enghien |
de Forez (1684) |
de Forez (1776) |
Gardes Lorraine |
de Guyenne (1684) |
de Guyenne (1776) |
de Hainaut |
de La Couronne |
de La Marine |
de La Reine |
de La Sarre |
de Languedoc |
de Lesdinguères |
de Limousin |
de Lyonnais |
de Maine |
de Medoc |
you monsieur |
de Navarre |
de Industry |
de Nice |
de Normandy |
d'Orléans |
de Perche |
de Périgord |
de Picardy |
de Provence |
de Piémont |
Poitou (1585) |
Poitou (1636) |
du Roi |
de Rouergue |
Royal |
de Royal-Comtois |
Royal Italy |
Royal-Roussillon |
de Touraine |
des Vaisseaux |
de Vaubecourt |
de Vermandois |
de Viennois
Foreign regiments:
d'Alsace |
de bouillon |
de Châteauvieux |
de Dillon |
d'Ernest |
de La Marck |
de Pfyffer |
Royal Bavière |
Royal Deux-Ponts |
Royal Liégeois |
Royal Suédois |
de Sonnenberg |
de Walsh