Ray Bradbury
Ray Douglas Bradbury (born August 22, 1920 in Waukegan , Illinois , † June 5, 2012 in Los Angeles ) was an American writer and screenwriter whose focus was science fiction , horror and fantasy .
Life
Ray Bradbury was born in Waukegan, Illinois in 1920 to Leonard Spaulding Bradbury and the Swedish Esther Marie Moberg. In 1934 his family moved to Los Angeles. His writing talent was already recognized during his school days, and in 1937 he joined the Los Angeles Science Fiction League and the Poetry Club. In 1938 he graduated from Los Angeles High School. That same year, Bradbury published in Imagination! his first story.
Bradbury regularly borrowed books from the library and was impressed by science fiction heroes such as Flash Gordon and Buck Rogers at this early stage . When his short stories proved successful, he embarked on a career as a freelance writer , initially writing for newspapers and magazines .
In 1947 he married Marguerite McClure (1922-2003), with whom he had four daughters, and published his first book.
Bradbury's literary breakthrough came with the story The Mars Chronicles published in 1950 . This socially critical work, which deals with the colonization of the planet Mars , reflects the fears of Americans in the 1950s. His most famous novel Fahrenheit 451 (1953) is one of the most prominent dystopias of the 20th century.
Bradbury was close friends with the animation specialist Ray Harryhausen and the actor Christopher Lee, who became famous for the fantastic cinema genre .
Due to his positive youthful experiences with books and libraries, Bradbury was still committed to the preservation of public libraries in old age, especially the Ventura County Public Libraries, for example through fundraising events and regular discussions with children in libraries.
In addition to his work as a writer, he was also involved in feature films and television series , some under the pseudonyms William Elliott and Douglas Spaulding . Other pseudonyms he used are Edward Banks , DR Banat , Leonard Douglas , Leonard Spaulding and Brett Sterling .
Ray Bradbury himself selected the grave site in the Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles, which was marked with a stone even before his death. The stone bears the inscription "Author of Fahrenheit 451".
Awards
- 1946 Best American Short Story for The Big Black and White Game
- 1947 O. Henry Prize for Homecoming
- 1948 Best American Short Story
- 1948 O. Henry Prize for Powerhouse
- 1952 Best American Short Story
- 1954 Benjamin Franklin Magazine Award
- 1954 Hugo Award for Fahrenheit 451 (presented in 2004!)
- 1963 Oscar nomination for the animated film Icarus Montgolfier Wright
- 1966 Forry Award
- 1967 Aviation-Space Writer's Association Award in the "Best Space Article" category
- 1971 Seiun Award for The Poems in the "Foreign Short Story" category
- 1972 Seiun Award for The Blue Bottle in the "Foreign Short Story" category
- 1973 Seiun Award for The Black Ferris in the "Foreign Short Story" category
- 1977 World Fantasy Award for Lifetime Achievement
- 1979 Balrog Award in the "Poet" category
- 1980 Gandalf Award in the "Grand Master of Fantasy" category
- 1984 Prometheus Award for Fahrenheit 451 (Hall of Fame)
- 1989 SFWA Grand Master Award
- 1989 Bram Stoker Award for Lifetime Achievement
- 1989 Interzone Readers Poll in the category "All-Time Best Sf Author"
- 1994 Emmy for the script for The Halloween Tree
- 1996 First Fandom Hall of Fame Award
- 1998 International Horror Guild Award in the category "Living Legend Award"
- 1999 induction into the Science Fiction Hall of Fame
- 2000 National Book Foundation Medal
- 2001 World Horror Grandmaster
- 2002 Geffen Award for Fahrenheit 451 in the "Sf Book" category
- 2002 Bram Stoker Award for the One More for the Road collection
- 2002 Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
- 2004 Retro Hugo Award for Fahrenheit 451 for best novel
- 2007 special honor for life's work as part of the Pulitzer Prize ceremony
- 2008 Eaton Award in the category "Lifetime Achievement in Science Fiction"
- 2008 Rhysling Award (Grand Master Award)
- 2019 Retro Hugo Award 1944 for R Is for Rocket (also: King of the Gray Spaces ) as Best Short Story (best short story)
- 2012 First Fandom Hall of Fame Award
- 2014 Retro Hugo Award for best fan author
- 2016 Retro Hugo Award for best fan author
- 2016 Retro Hugo Award for Futuria Fantasia - 1940 as best fanzine
- 2019 Retro Hugo Award for King of the Gray Spaces as best short story
In addition, the asteroid (9766) Bradbury was named after him in 2000 .
bibliography
The short bibliography below contains only the novels and volumes of short stories published in German translation. A detailed bibliography including the short stories can be found in the main article .
- Novels
-
The Martian Chronicles (1950)
- English: Mars Chronicles. Translated by Thomas Schlück . Marion von Schröder (Science Fiction & Fantastica), 1972, ISBN 3-547-71505-9 . Also as: The Mars Chronicles. Translated by Thomas Schlück. Heyne Science Fiction & Fantasy # 3410, 1974, ISBN 3-453-30280-X .
-
Fahrenheit 451 (1951)
- German: Fahrenheit 451. Translated by Fritz Güttinger . Ark, 1955.
-
Dandelion Wine (1957)
- German: Löwenzahnwein. Translated by Alexander Schmitz. Diogenes (detebe # 21045), 1983, ISBN 3-257-21045-0 .
-
Something Wicked This Way Comes (1962)
- German: Evil comes on quiet feet. Translated by Norbert Wölfl. Marion von Schröder (Science Fiction & Fantastica), 1969.
-
The Halloween Tree (1972)
- German: Halloween. Translated by Dirk van Gunsteren . Diogenes, 1994, ISBN 3-257-06003-3 .
-
Death Is a Lonely Business (1985)
- English: Death is a lonely business. Translated by Jürgen Bauer. Diogenes, 1987, ISBN 3-257-01741-3 .
-
A Graveyard For Lunatics: Another Tale of Two Cities (1988)
- German: Cemetery for crazy people. Translated by Gerald Jung . Diogenes, Zurich 1992, ISBN 3-257-01913-0 .
-
Let's All Kill Constance (2003)
- English: Let's kill Constance! Translated by Joachim Körber . Ed. Phantasia (Phantasia-Paperback / Crime # 4001), Bellheim 2006, ISBN 3-937897-12-7 .
- Collections
-
The Illustrated Man (1951)
- English: The Illustrated Man. Translated by Peter Naujack. Diogenes, 1962.
-
The Golden Apples of the Sun (1953)
- German: Don't walk through the quiet streets. Translated by Margarete Bormann. Marion von Schröder (Science Fiction & Fantastica), 1970. Also called: The golden apples of the sun. Translated by Margarete Bormann. Diogenes-Taschenbuch # 20864, Zurich 1990, ISBN 3-257-20864-2 .
-
The October Country (1955)
- German: family reunion. Translated by Jürgen Bauer and Alastair Ker. Diogenes (detebe # 21415), 1986, ISBN 3-257-21415-4 .
-
A Medicine For Melancholy (1958)
- German: Medicine for Melancholy. Translated by Margarete Bormann. Marion von Schröder (Science Fiction & Fantastica), 1969.
-
The Machineries of Joy (1964; also: Machineries of Joy , 1969)
- German: The Mechanisms of Joy. Translated by Peter Naujack. Diogenes (detebe # 21242), 1985, ISBN 3-257-21242-9 .
-
S Is for Space (1966)
- German: S is for Space: Masterful Stories. Translated by Oliver Plaschka . Knaur Pocket Books, 2017, ISBN 978-3-426-52073-4 .
-
I Sing the Body Electric! (1969)
- German: chants of the computer. Translated by Thomas Schlück . Marion von Schröder, 1973, ISBN 3-547-71506-7 .
-
Long After Midnight (1976)
- German: Long after midnight. Translated by Tony Westermayr. Goldmann Science Fiction # 23278, 1979, ISBN 3-442-23278-3 .
-
Dinosaur Tales (1983)
- German: Saurier-Stories: A Romantic Reading Pleasure; illustrated by world-famous illustrators. Translated by Andrea Kamphuis and Fredy Köpsell. Bastei-Verlag Lübbe (Bastei-Lübbe-Taschenbuch # 13538), Bergisch Gladbach 1993, ISBN 3-404-13538-5 .
-
A Memory of Murder (1984)
- English: Death comes quickly in Mexico. Translated by Walle Bengs. Diogenes-Taschenbuch # 21641, Zurich 1988, ISBN 3-257-21641-6 .
-
The Toynbee Convector (1988)
- English: The Laurel & Hardy Love Story and Other Tales. Translated by Otto Bayer. Diogenes, Zurich 1990, ISBN 3-257-01839-8 .
-
Quicker Than the Eye (1996)
- German: Faster than the eye. Translated by Hans-Christian Oeser . Diogenes, 2006, ISBN 3-257-06514-0 .
-
Driving Blind (1997)
- German: Geisterfahrt. Diogenes, 2000, ISBN 3-257-06234-6 .
-
The Cat's Pajamas (2004)
- English: The cat pajamas. Translated by Frauke Czwikla. Edition Phantasia (Phantasia Paperback Science Fiction # 1002), 2005, ISBN 3-937897-09-7 .
German compilations:
- The golden apples of the sun. Volk und Welt # 675, 1990, ISBN 3-353-00675-3 .
- Space Opera. Diogenes, 2008, ISBN 978-3-257-06650-0 (3 volumes in a cassette).
- The Christmas present and other Christmas stories. Selected by Daniel Keel and Daniel Kampa. Diogenes-Taschenbuch # 23688, 2008, ISBN 978-3-257-23688-0 .
Film adaptations
- Panik in New York (The Beast from 20 000 Fathoms) (USA, 1953) based on the story "The Fog Horn", directed by Eugène Lourié , with Paul Hubschmid , Paula Raymond , Kenneth Tobey and others. a.
- Came from Outer Space (It came from outer space) (USA, 1953) based on the story "The Meteor", under the direction of Jack Arnold , with Richard Carlson , Barbara Rush u. a.
- Moby Dick (USA, 1956), screenplay by Bradbury based on the novel by Herman Melville , directed by John Huston , with Gregory Peck , Richard Basehart a . a.
- Icarus Montgolfier Wright (USA, 1962), short film
- Fahrenheit 451 (GB, 1966), directed by François Truffaut , with Oskar Werner , Julie Christie , Cyril Cusack and others. a.
- The tattooed (The Illustrated Man) (USA, 1969), directed by Jack Smight , with Rod Steiger , Claire Bloom , Robert Drivas u. a.
- Die Reise zum Mars 1. + 2. Teil (The martian chronicles) (USA 1980), directed by Michael Anderson , with Rock Hudson a . a.
- Something Wicked This Way Comes (Something Wicked This Way Comes) (USA, 1983), directed by Jack Clayton , with Jason Robards , Jonathan Pryce , Diane Ladd u. a.
- Bradbury's Chamber of Horrors (USA / Canada 1985-1992), TV series in 65 episodes based on short stories by Ray Bradbury, who also acted as a screenwriter.
- Headfirst into the witching hour (The Halloween tree) (USA, 1993), screenplay for an animated special of the Simpsons series
- A suit for every occasion (The wonderful ice cream suit) (USA, 1998), directed by Stuart Gordon , with Joe Mantegna , Esai Morales u. a.
- A Sound of Thunder (USA / D / GB / CZ, 2005), directed by Peter Hyams , with Edward Burns , Catherine McCormack a . a.
- Ray Bradbury's Chrysalis (USA, 2008) directed by Tony Báez Milán, with John Klemantaski, Darren Kendrick and Glen Vaughan
- Fahrenheit 451 (USA, 2018), directed by Ramin Bahrani , with Michael B. Jordan , Michael Shannon , Sofia Boutella u. a.
documentation
- Omnibus: "Ray Bradbury - The Illustrated Man" , directed by David Wheatley, GB 1980, German title: The evil comes on quiet feet , broadcast on NDR on July 24, 1986.
Others
- In recognition of his work on Mars, NASA has named the Mars Science Laboratory's landing site “Bradbury Landing”.
- In his honor, a fictional star fleet spaceship was named after him in both the Star Trek TNG episode "Die Damen Troi" (season 3, episode 24) and in the movie Star Trek Into Darkness .
- After Bradbury's death, a Google employee officially proposed to the IETF to introduce a separate HTTP code for websites that were censored to commemorate his novel 'Fahrenheit 451', in which the possession of books is a criminal offense Victims fell and are not allowed to be displayed: Error 451.
- The Los Angeles home, where Bradbury lived and wrote most of his work from 1958 until his death, was purchased by prominent architect Thom Mayne and his wife in 2014 for $ 1.7 million and then demolished as the couple wanted to build a new house for himself on the property. Although the Center for Ray Bradbury Studies had approved the demolition and the family had no objections, Mayne's actions provoked outraged reactions. Mayne was surprised by the public criticism of the demolition and declared that the new wall surrounding the property should bear the titles of his works in honor of Bradbury.
literature
- Biographies and Monographs
- Wilhelm Aletter: The Bradbury Chronicles. The Life of Ray Bradbury. William Morrow, New York 2005, ISBN 0-06-054581-X .
- Harold Bloom: Ray Bradbury. New York, NY 2010, ISBN 978-1-60413-805-4 .
- Jonathan R. Eller, William F. Touponce: Ray Bradbury. The Life of Fiction. Kent State University Press, Kent, Ohio et al. a. 2004, ISBN 0-87338-779-1 .
- Jonathan R. Eller: Becoming Ray Bradbury. University of Illinois Press, 2011, ISBN 978-0-252-03629-3 .
- Ben P. Indick: Ray Bradbury. Dramatist. Essays on fantastic literature 3. Borgo Press, San Bernardino 1989, ISBN 0-89370-540-3 .
- Wayne L. Johnson: Ray Bradbury. Ungar, New York 1980, ISBN 0-8044-2426-8 .
- David Mogen: Ray Bradbury. Twayne's United States authors series 504. Twayne, Boston, Mass. 1986, ISBN 0-8057-7464-5 .
- Reiner Poppe: Explanations of Ray Bradbury, Fahrenheit 451, Aldous Huxley, Brave new world. King's Explanations and Materials 338. 5th, improved edition. Bange, Hollfeld 1999, ISBN 3-8044-1603-9 .
- Robin Anne Reid: Ray Bradbury. A Critical Companion. Greenwood Press, Westport, Conn. u. a. 2000, ISBN 0-313-30901-9 .
- Jerry Weist: Bradbury. An Illustrated Life. A Journey to Far Metaphor. William Morrow, New York, NY 2002, ISBN 0-06-001182-3 .
- Sam Weller: The Bradbury Chronicles. The Life of Ray Bradbury. Morrow, New York 2005, ISBN 978-0-06-054581-9 .
- Sam Weller: Listen to the Echoes. The Ray Bradbury Interviews. Melville House et al. a., New York / London 2010, ISBN 978-1-935554-03-5 .
- Stefanie Zech: Warning of the overpowering state. The destruction of language and literature in Orwell's “Nineteen eighty-four” and Bradbury's “Fahrenheit 451”. Series of publications and materials from the Fantastic Library Wetzlar 11th Fantastic Support Group in Wetzlar, Wetzlar 1995.
- Lexicons
- Hans Joachim Alpers , Werner Fuchs , Ronald M. Hahn : Reclam's science fiction guide. Reclam, Stuttgart 1982, ISBN 3-15-010312-6 , pp. 55-57.
- Hans Joachim Alpers, Werner Fuchs, Ronald M. Hahn, Wolfgang Jeschke : Lexicon of Science Fiction Literature. Heyne, Munich 1991, ISBN 3-453-02453-2 , pp. 247-249.
- Hans Joachim Alpers, Werner Fuchs, Ronald M. Hahn, Jörg M. Munsonius, Hermann Urbanek: Lexicon of Fantasy Literature. Fantasy Productions, Erkrath 2005, ISBN 3-89064-566-6 , p. 75.
- Don D'Ammassa : Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Facts On File, New York 2005, ISBN 0-8160-5924-1 , p. 52 f.
- Willis E. McNelly: Bradbury, Ray (Douglas) . In: James Gunn : The New Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Viking, New York et al. a. 1988, ISBN 0-670-81041-X , pp. 61-63.
- George Mann : The Mammoth Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. Robinson, London 2001, ISBN 1-8411-9177-9 , pp. 74 f.
- Peter Nicholls : Bradbury, Ray. In: John Clute , Peter Nicholls: The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction . 3rd edition (online edition), version dated November 8, 2017.
- Robert Reginald : Science Fiction and Fantasy Literature. A Checklist, 1700-1974 with Contemporary Science Fiction Authors II. Gale, Detroit 1979, ISBN 0-8103-1051-1 , p. 827.
- Robert Reginald: Contemporary Science Fiction Authors. Arno Press, New York 1974, ISBN 0-405-06332-6 , pp. 28 f.
- Donald H. Tuck : The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy through 1968. Advent, Chicago 1974, ISBN 0-911682-20-1 , pp. 61-64.
- Gary K. Wolfe : Bradbury, Ray (moon Douglas) . In: Noelle Watson, Paul E. Schellinger: Twentieth-Century Science-Fiction Writers. St. James Press, Chicago 1991, ISBN 1-55862-111-3 , pp. 69-72.
- Articles and essays
- Dietmar Dath : A cosmic homeland poet. The American writer Ray Bradbury shaped our image of the future with works that knew that premonitions could also be something nostalgic. An obituary , in: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of June 8, 2012, p. 33.
- Thomas Nöske : Clockwork Orwell. About the cultural reality of negative utopian science fiction. Unrast, Münster 1997, ISBN 3-928300-70-9 (there: "Fahrenheit 451").
Web links
- Ray Bradbury Official Homepage
- Literature by and about Ray Bradbury in the catalog of the German National Library
- Ray Bradbury in the Internet Speculative Fiction Database (English)
- Ray Bradbury in Fantastic Fiction (English)
- Ray Bradbury in the Science Fiction Awards + Database
- Ray Bradbury in Fancyclopedia 3 (English)
- Ray Bradbury in the bibliography of German science fiction ( books , stories , articles )
- Ray Bradbury in the Internet Movie Database (English)
- Ray Bradbury in the database of Find a Grave (English)
- Ray Bradbury in the German biography
- Ray Bradbury in the nndb (English)
- Literature by and about Ray Bradbury in the WorldCat bibliographic database
- Ray Bradbury , Texts on Free Speculative Fiction Online
- Works by Ray Bradbury in Project Gutenberg ( currently usually not available for users from Germany )
- Works by and about Ray Bradbury at Open Library
- Short biography and reviews of works by Ray Bradbury at perlentaucher.de
- Ray Bradbury on Goodreads.com (English)
- Interview in Tagesspiegel , August 20, 2008
- On the death of Ray Bradbury: All of this world , Spiegel Online , June 6, 2012
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2012/06/author-ray-bradbury-dies-at-91-daughter-says.html
- ^ Daniel Keel, Daniel Kampa (Eds.): Ray Bradbury. Selected stories. Diogenes, Zurich 2008, ISBN 978-3-257-06654-8 , p. 651.
- ↑ A Literary Legend Fights for a Local Library ( A literary legend fights for a public library ; in Engl.)
- ↑ knerger.de: The grave of Ray Bradbury
- ↑ http://www.nasa.gov/home/hqnews/2012/aug/HQ_12-292_Mars_Bradbury_Landing.html ( NASA News, RELEASE 12-292, NASA Mars Rover Begins Driving at Bradbury Landing ; in English)
- ^ [1] Proposal for the labeling of websites that are not allowed to be viewed due to state censorship measures
- ↑ Christopher Hawthorne: Bulldoze first, apologize later: a true LA landmark , Los Angeles Times, January 16, 2015, accessed May 10, 2019
- ↑ Alex Sheperd: Why was Ray Bradbury's home demolished? An interview with architect Thom Mayne on the Melville House website , January 16, 2015, accessed May 10, 2019
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Bradbury, Ray |
ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Bradbury, Ray Douglas (full name); Amory, Guy (pen name); Banat, DR (pseudonym); Reynolds, Ron (pseudonym); Rogers, Doug (pen name); Sterling, Brett (pseudonym) |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American writer |
DATE OF BIRTH | 22nd August 1920 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Waukegan |
DATE OF DEATH | 5th June 2012 |
Place of death | los Angeles |