Shores Ivanovich Alfjorov

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Shores Alfjorow (2012)

Shores Iwanowitsch Alfjorow ( Russian роре́с Ива́нович Алфёров , scientific transliteration Žores Ivanovič Alfërov ; born March 15, 1930 in Vitebsk , Belarusian SSR , USSR ; † March 1, 2019 in Saint Petersburg , Russia ) was a Soviet or Russian physicist . He was director of the Joffe Institute in Saint Petersburg and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2000.

Life

Alfjorow was born in Vitebsk as the son of the Belarusian operations manager Ivan Karpowitsch Alfjorow and the Jewess Anna Vladimirovna Rosenblum. He got his first name after the French socialist Jean Jaurès , while his older brother was named after Karl Marx Marx.

He studied at the Electrotechnical Institute in Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) and was a visiting scientist in the USA. From 1987 to 2003 he was director of the AF Joffe Institute of Physics and Technology in Saint Petersburg and its scientific director until 2006. From 1989 he was Vice President of the Soviet and Russian Academy of Sciences . In 1987 he was elected as a foreign member of the Academy of Sciences of the GDR , in 1990 he was elected to the National Academy of Sciences .

Alfjorow conducted research in the field of semiconductor lasers using heterojunctions . All semiconductor lasers, for example in scanners in cash registers, CD players or laser printers , are based on the principles he discovered. Half of the Nobel Prize in 2000 he received together with Herbert Kroemer (the other half went to Jack S. Kilby ) for work in semiconductor physics , which has become the basis of information technology.

Alfjorov had been a member of the Russian Duma since 1995 . and chairman of their science committee. In 1995, Alfjorov was elected to the list of the Our House Russia bloc, which was close to the then President Yeltsin , and was later re-elected several times as an independent on the list of the Communist Party of Russia .

Awards

Web links

Commons : Shores Iwanowitsch Alfjorow  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Shores Ivanovich Alfjorov has died
  2. ↑ Алферов, Жорес in: Lenta.ru (accessed June 27, 2019)
  3. ^ Members of the previous academies. Shores Ivanovich Alfjerov. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities , accessed on February 14, 2015 .
  4. ↑ Alferov Zhores Ivanoviсh. In: The State Duma. Retrieved November 21, 2018 .
  5. ↑ a b Michael Wines: Nobel Winner Laments Poverty of Russian Science. In: New York Times. October 12, 2000, accessed November 21, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Russian scientific academy draws Nobel laureate support in protest at control Bill. In: Irish Times. September 18, 2013, accessed November 21, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Duma. Fondazione Alferov Italia, accessed on November 21, 2018 (Italian).
  8. ↑ Autobiorgafie on the Nobel Prize Official Site. Retrieved September 6, 2018 .
  9. ↑ Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 05.08.2002г. № 831. Retrieved September 6, 2018 (Russian).
  10. ↑ Awarding of an honorary doctorate to Prof. Dr. Zhores I. Alferov, Russian Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg , in: Science Information Service of January 8, 2010, accessed on February 4, 2010
  11. ^ Tatiana Sinitsyna: Jaures Alferov, the Scientific Luminary. Commission of the Russian Federation for UNESCO, November 17, 2010, accessed November 21, 2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Alfjorow, Shores Ivanovich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Alfërov, Žores Ivanovič (transliteration); Алфёров, Жорес Иванович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian physicist
DATE OF BIRTH March 15, 1930
PLACE OF BIRTH Vitebsk
DATE OF DEATH 1st March 2019
Place of death St. Petersburg