Sing a new song to the Lord, BWV 190
| Bach cantata | |
|---|---|
| Sing the lord a new song | |
| BWV: | 190 / 190a |
| Occasion: |
Circumcision of the Lord / 200 years of the Augsburg Confession |
| Year of origin: | 1724/1730 |
| Place of origin: | Leipzig |
| Genus: | cantata |
| Solo : | ATB |
| Choir: | SATB |
| Instruments : | 3 Tr; Ti; 3 Ob; Oa; Fg; Str; BC |
| text | |
| unknown | |
| List of Bach cantatas | |
Sing to the Lord a new song ( BWV 190) is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach . He composed it in Leipzig for New Year's Day 1724. In 1730 he worked the cantata for the bicentenary of the Augsburg Confession to sing a new song for the Lord , BWV 190a . Bach also composed a motet for two choirs (BWV 225) under the same title.
Story and words
Bach wrote the cantata in his first year in Leipzig for the New Year 1724. The day was celebrated as the feast of the circumcision of the Lord . The prescribed readings for the feast day were Gal 3,23-29 LUT , the Gentiles will be converted, and Lk 2,21 LUT , the prescribed circumcision and naming of Jesus after eight days. The unknown lyricist, possibly Picander , only makes general reference to the readings. The naming is mentioned at the end of sentence 4, and in the following aria each line begins with the name Jesus. Otherwise, praise and thanks for the gifts of the past and the request for further blessings predominate. For the opening choir, the poet put together verses from two psalms with the beginning of Martin Luther's German Te Deum, in particular he combined Ps 149.1 LUT and Ps 150.4,6 LUT with Lord God, we praise you . The words of the Te Deum appear again in sentence two, extended by recitatives . The final chorale is the second stanza by Johannes Hermans Jesu, now be praised (1591).
Occupation and structure
The cantata is festively occupied with three soloists, alto , tenor and bass , four-part choir, three trumpets , timpani , three oboes , oboe d'amore , two violins , viola and basso continuo with bassoon .
- Coro: Sing a new song to the Lord
- Chorale e recitativo (alto, tenor, bass): Lord God, we praise you
- Aria (alto, strings): Praise, Zion, your God
- Recitativo (bass): The world wishes
- Aria (tenor, bass, oboe d'amore): Jesus should be my everything
- Recitativo (tenor, strings): Well, Jesus give
- Chorale: Let's finish the year
music
The opening chorus on three psalm verses and two lines from Luther's Te Deum is structured in three parts. A concerto Singet dem Herrn is concluded by the unanimously sung chorale melody Lord God, we praise you , a choral fugue Everything that breathes is concluded by a similar Lord God, we thank you , the last section Hallelujah is a shortened recapitulation of the first.
In movement 2 the chorale has four parts and is supplemented by recitatives by the three soloists. The following aria is simple and dance-like. The duet, movement 5, is accompanied by an obligatory instrument that is not labeled. It could be an oboe d'amore or a violin. Gardiner tried both, but then decided on viola d'amore . None of the arias has a da capo . Strings intensify the prayer in the last recitative. The trumpet choir accentuates the line endings in the final chorale.
Bach performed the cantata again in the second half of the 1730s. It is likely that parts of the votes were lost during the revision. For the first two movements only the vocal parts and the violin parts have been preserved. A reconstruction was attempted by Bernhard Todt (1904), Walther Reinhart (1948), Olivier Alain (1971), Diethard Hellmann (1995) and Ton Koopman as well as Masato Suzuki (opening movement) and Masaaki Suzuki (2nd movement).
Bach treated the topic for the same feast day in his Christmas Oratorio of 1734. The entire part IV is dedicated to the name of Jesus and was performed for the first time on January 1, 1735.
Recordings
- JS Bach: Cantatas BWV 137 & BWV 190 , Hans Thamm , Windsbacher Knabenchor , Das Consortium Musicum, Ingeborg Ruß , Peter Schreier , Franz Crass . EMI 1966 (reconstruction: Reinhart)
- The Bach Cantata Vol. 19 , Helmuth Rilling , Gächinger Kantorei , Bach-Collegium Stuttgart , Helen Watts , Kurt Equiluz , Niklaus Tüller . Hänssler 1981 (reconstruction: Alain)
- JS Bach: Complete Cantatas Vol. 6 , Ton Koopman , Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra & Choir , Bogna Bartosz , Paul Agnew , Klaus Mertens . Antoine Marchand 1997 (reconstruction: Koopman)
- Bach Cantatas Vol. 15: New York , John Eliot Gardiner , Monteverdi Choir , English Baroque Soloists , Daniel Taylor , James Gilchrist , Peter Harvey . Soli Deo Gloria 2000
- JS Bach: Cantatas Vol. 21 , Masaaki Suzuki , Bach Collegium Japan , Robin Blaze , James Gilchrist , Peter Kooij . BIS CD-1311, 2003 (reconstruction: Masato and Masaaki Suzuki)
BWV 190a
For the bicentenary of the Augsburg Confession on June 25, 1730, Bach arranged the cantata zu Singet dem Herrn a new song , BWV 190a. The differing text by Picander has been preserved in Ernst-Schertzhaffte and Satyrische Gedichte Part 3, published in Leipzig in 1732. The final chorale was the third stanza of Luther's Let God have mercy on us (1523). The music of the cantata is lost and can only be reconstructed from BWV 190, just as BWV 120b can only be obtained from God for the same occasion , you are praised in silence, BWV 120 can be won. Diethard Hellmann wrote a reconstruction in 1972.
- Coro: Sing a new song to the Lord
- Chorale e recitativo (alto, tenor, bass): Lord God, we praise you
- Aria (old): Praise, Zion, your God
- Recitativo (bass): Lord, if your gospel
- Aria (tenor, bass): We are blessed by the word
- Recitativo (tenor): Well God, we sacrifice to you
- Chorale: Thank God, and praise you
literature
- Alfred Dürr: Johann Sebastian Bach: The Cantatas. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1999, ISBN 3-7618-1476-3
- Werner Neumann : Handbook of the cantatas JSBachs . 5th edition. 1947, 1984, ISBN 3-7651-0054-4
- Hans-Joachim Schulze: The Bach Cantatas: Introductions to all of Johann Sebastian Bach's cantatas . Evangelical publishing company. Leipzig; Carus-Verlag Stuttgart 2006 (Edition Bach-Archiv Leipzig) ISBN 3-374-02390-8 (Evang. Verl.-Anst.), ISBN 3-89948-073-2 (Carus-Verlag)
- Christoph Wolff, Ton Koopman : The world of Bach cantatas Verlag JB Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2006, ISBN 978-3-476-02127-4
Web links
- Sing to the Lord a New Song, BWV 190 : Sheet Music and Audio Files in the International Music Score Library Project
- Data, text and sources on Bach digital
- Cantata BWV 190 Sing a new song to the Lord! at Bach Cantatas (English)
- Cantata BWV 190a Sing a new song to the Lord! at Bach Cantatas (English)
- BWV 190 Sing to the Lord a new song on the Bach website
- BWV 190a Sing a new song to the Lord on the Bach website
- BWV 190 Sing to the Lord a new song Text, structure and line-up on the personal homepage of Walter F. Bischof at the University of Alberta
- Sheet music in the public domain of Singet dem Herrn a new song, BWV 190 in the Choral Public Domain Library - ChoralWiki (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Bach, JS: Cantata BWV 190 Sing a new song to the Lord . Breitkopf & Härtel . 2010. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 2, 2010.
