St. Matthäus (Bad Sobernheim)
The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Matthäus is a listed church building in Bad Sobernheim an der Nahe , a small town in the Bad Kreuznach district ( Rhineland-Palatinate ).
development
St. Matthäus has been the main church of the Bad Sobernheim parish community, which was established on May 1st, 2005 . These include Daubach , St. Maria vom Siege; Lauschied , St. Georg; Martinstein , St. Martin; Meisenheim , St. Anthony of Padua; Merxheim , St. Karl Borromeo; Seesbach , St. Laurentius; and Staudernheim , St. John the Baptist.
The interior of the parish church was extensively renovated from late July 2014 to mid-September 2015.
In the course of the structural reform of the Trier diocese synod , all of the around 900 existing parishes in the diocese are to be dissolved and merged into 35 future parishes . Actually, St. Matthew should belong to the parish of the future in Bad Kreuznach on January 1st, 2020 . Due to a complaint from a priestly community, the Roman Congregation for the Clergy of the Vatican instructed the Diocese of Trier in November 2019 to suspend the implementation of the reorganization of the diocese. For this reason, the restructuring is postponed indefinitely.
Building history
When the Reformation was introduced in Sobernheim in 1559, the life of the Catholic parish temporarily ended. The first attempts at recatholization came during the Thirty Years' War , when the city was occupied by Spanish troops in 1620, but they did not have any lasting success. The next counter-Reformation push in the 1960s proved more effective. In 1663, negotiations between the Archbishop of Mainz, Johann Philipp von Schönborn, and the Palatinate sovereign led to a settlement regarding the practice of the Catholic religion in Sobernheim.
Thereafter, the Catholics were allowed to renovate the Maltese chapel , which had been profaned since 1559 , and to use it as a parish church. Finally, in 1689, with the support of the French occupation at the time, the new parish was granted the right to use the Matthias Church . This right was finalized in the Ryswick Peace Treaty . However, the common use as a simultaneous church inevitably led to numerous conflicts, which is why it was decided to build their own house of worship.
The bishop Michael Felix Korum consecrated the neo-Gothic church, which was built from 1898 to 1899 by the church builder Ludwig Becker . Of the originally planned two sacristy rooms, only one was realized for cost reasons, which is attached to the southern part of the choir room . Around 1920 the interior of the church was painted.
The parish garden is located around a large part of the church, although it is not open to the public. It is the private garden of the priest currently in office .
The Second Vatican Council (1962–1965) had an impact on the design of places of worship. In 1974, in St. Matthew's , the deliberate separation of the choir area was abolished by removing the communion benches . So an altar island could be created. From the stone dining halls of the side altars, which in 1905 together with the high altar were set up, you put the people's altar together, which one centrally placed on the altar island.
The communion benches were set up on the former site of the side altars on the left and right of the popular altar. Finally, the baptismal font was moved from the baptistery in the tower area to the chancel between the high and people's altars. The relocation to the interior of the church made clear the change in meaning and the increased importance of the baptismal sacrament . The remains of the old pulpit , which were removed from the left front pillar, found a new use in front of the popular altar as an ambo .
In 1992/93 the church tower was completely renovated. 1995/96 then the renewal of the church roof.
In the extensive interior renovation that began at the end of July 2014, the altar island was widened to create enough space for everyone involved in the service. This is especially necessary because of the position as the central church of the parish community Bad Sobernheim . This also created a room in which smaller liturgical ceremonies can be held. A new ambo was created from the stone parapets of the choir room. The remains of the old pulpit are now used elsewhere as space for the gospel book ; for this both confessionals were removed. Walls, vaults and above all its paintings have been thoroughly restored. It carried out a renewal of the damaged by moisture wood flooring under the pews with prior cementing subsoil and electrical work throughout the interior. The pews also received a refurbishment. The windows were cleaned, several, mainly in the choir, completely dismantled and repaired. They carried out the glass painting Oidtmann in Linnich , from which the old glazings come. Since then, the renewed windows have been protected from the weather by clear glass panes . The top of the vault under the roof and the church tower were cleaned extensively inside. A new climb arose to the bells. The bell motors were also modernized, the electrical lines were newly laid. The renovation was completed in mid-September 2015.
For the first time in its history, 121 years after the foundation stone was laid, St. Matthew received a church tower clock in September 2019 .
architecture
The nave illustrates the understanding of the liturgy at the end of the 19th century . It was more important that the altar at which the priest celebrated the service could be seen clearly from all places. The faithful wanted to be included in the Mass liturgy. For this reason, Ludwig Becker shortened the choir by one yoke , bringing the high altar closer to the believers. At the same time, it gave an impression of space.
Externally, the church appears as a Gothic house of worship with all the architectural features typical of the style: the nave and choir have a common roof, which is penetrated by the same height gable cover of the front transept and gives the impression of a crossing. To the west of the building is a church tower typical of the style, which towers over the city with its height of 59 meters and is visible from afar.
The interior breaks with traditional models in order to meet the changed liturgical needs of that time. Instead of the usual deliberate separation of main and side aisles, which obstructed the view of the altar, Ludwig Becker created a large three-aisled hall church made of yellow sandstone, which gives the impression of a unified whole.
Becker achieved this by reducing the height difference of the ships and doing away with the usual dividing arches . By choosing a reticulated vault instead of the usually preferred ribbed arch ceiling, he enhanced the cohesive spatial effect. The naves are only separated by slender round pillars at large intervals, which reduce the obstruction of the view of the choir to a minimum.
The transept in front of the choir room enhances the view to the front , as its windows are constructed in three lanes and thus stand out from the two-part nave of the nave in terms of size, brightness and color. The church has an organ gallery that rests on two consoles with portraits of men. These come from the former Wilhelmiten - Monastery Marienpfort at Steinhardt , a district of Bad Sobernheim.
Furnishing
Choir window
Under the glass windows, the windows in the choir room stand out from the rest of the church thanks to their special image design and imposing coloring. Using the medieval symbolism the middle window describes the Last Judgment . The left window shows the calling of the church patron Matthew at the customs post, including Hildegard von Bingen and Petrus . On the right, the patron saint of the Maltese chapel, John the Baptist, is depicted, including St. Disibod , the founder of the Disibodenberg monastery .
Winged altar
The church has a neo-Gothic winged altar from 1905. The artistic design goes back to a basic concept by the church builder Ludwig Becker and adapts to the neo-Gothic style of the church building. Becker entrusted the sculptor Gebhard Müller from Saulgau , who mastered the art of recreating late medieval winged altars with the execution . The altar contains a unique, theologically thought-out picture composition of biblical motifs about the meaning of the pre-conciliar mass . This does not see primarily in the Eucharistic meal as it does today , but in the sacrificial motif as the central message of the essence of a celebration of mass.
The stone cafeteria shows figures from the Old Testament ; Abel , Melchizedek , Isaac on the left and Aaron , Moses and Zacharias on the right. The transition is formed on both sides of the tabernacle by a base, the predella , on which the twelve apostles are lined up next to each other . The wings of the high altar show motifs: the wonderful multiplication of bread , the last supper , the adoration of the baby Jesus and the miracle of wine at Cana . They are closed during Advent and Lent and then show the preaching of Mary and the expulsion of Adam and Eve from Paradise on the back . The plastic Crucifixion in the tower-type structure conversation Enge will complete the high altar.
Sacraments Shrine
A sacrament shrine from the 15th century was transferred from the neighboring Maltese chapel to the newly built church and built into the north wall of the choir above the foundation stone.
Wall panels side altars
On both sides of the chancel there are wall surfaces designed to match the home. On the right the lower part shows the city with the town hall front, the towers of the parish churches of both denominations and the city coat of arms. The inhabitants in front of it are shown in the four ages and as representatives of the spiritual and worldly class , who look up to the patrons of the Nahe Valley, pleading for peace .
These are John the Baptist, Disibod, Archangel Michael , the Archbishop of Mainz Willigis and Martin von Tours . The left side altar shows the Virgin Mary with the baby Jesus. On the left Hildegard von Bingen, Katharina von Homburg ( founder of the Disibodenberg chapel in Bad Sobernheim ), on the right Ida von Frankenstein ( co-founder of the Maltese chapel ) and Jutta von Sponheim . Above them is the coronation of Mary in the midst of the Holy Trinity .
Baptismal font
The baptismal font from the Maltese chapel from 1625 is in the choir.
Tombs
Some old tombs, which originally also come from the Maltese Chapel, are in the tower hall and in the entrance area. The tombs of the following people were transferred there:
- Komtur Johannes Stude († 1456) (construction manager of the choir of the Maltese chapel)
- Gerhard II. Lander von Sponheim († 1488) and his wife Katharina von Nieder-Flörsheim († 1481) (co-founder of the Maltese Chapel)
- Kurmainzer Lieutenant Colonel Wilhelm Friedrich von Schellart († 1685) (owner of the Marienpforter Hof near Steinhardt)
- Pastor Andreas Christoph Laumann († 1692) (savior of the city in 1689)
- Pastor Johann Wendelin Haust († 1737) (1692–1737 in Sobernheim)
- Pastor Johann Adam Lohrum († 1767) (1738–1767 pastor in Sobernheim).
Way of the Cross and statues of saints
Seven bronze reliefs are attached to the two side walls of the nave. They were originally framed by frames carved in a neo-Gothic style, rich in shapes. In the course of the liturgical reform after the Second Vatican Council, they were removed in 1974 - in keeping with the sober zeitgeist of the time. There are also four statues of saints on the outside walls of the nave; St. Matthew, St. Francis, St. Joseph and St. Antonius. During the renovation of the interior in 2014–2015, a statue of the Heart of Jesus and a statue of the Mother of God were installed in the nave , which until then had stood in the transept of the church.
organ
The historic organ from 1901/02 comes from Michael Körfer from Gau-Algesheim . Shortly after the completion of the church building, a pipe organ was commissioned from the organ builder, who was then based in Bad Sobernheim . The instrument, consecrated in 1902, reflects the typical taste of the Catholic, German organ building of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in terms of its entire conception and technical implementation .
In terms of sound ideal, an organ at this time should primarily have a large number of clearly different, moderately loud and mildly voiced registers . In the present case, this was achieved by using numerous 8 'registers and only a few 4' registers. The use of a tightly closing swell to reduce the volume as required and the installation of a number of so-called playing aids that allowed the compilation of differentiated sound images based on the situation in the symphony orchestra were also typical .
In Bad Sobernheim, Körfer created a coherent late romantic instrument that, with just 20 registers, ideally combines all the essential timbres of a late romantic organ of that time. It is one of the few remaining works by Körfer.
The original console was removed during the major organ renovation in the 1950s. At the end on the organ loft today gaming table is a new building, which was made in the course of the great General Restoration 2011/12. Only the historical registration plates were reused. The restoration was carried out by the organ building company Förster & Nicolaus from Lich .
Concerts on the Körfer organ are part of the Mattheiser Summer Academy , an international master class and concert festival that takes place every two years as part of the Rhineland-Palatinate cultural summer .
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- Coupling: II / I, I / P, II / P, sub-octave coupling II / I, super-octave coupling II / I
- Playing aids: Fixed combinations (piano, mezzoforte, forte, tutti), crescendo roller , swell kick
Bells
The first bell , consisting of three bells, was purchased in 1899. Like everywhere else, during the First World War , the Catholic parish was asked to hand in bells for war armor, which was done in 1917 by issuing two bells. After installing a new bell a few years later, it was found that it gave an inharmonious sound with the one that was left behind. In 1932 three new bells were cast. In World War II, two bells were confiscated again.
Today the church has four bells, including the St. John's bell from 1932. The choice of the sound pattern was agreed with the sister parish of St. Matthias , who added the bell in the same year. Every Saturday at 19 o'clock is a common ten-minute heralding instead of Sunday, each with all the bells.
| No. | Surname | Casting year | diameter | Dimensions | Chime |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I. | Christ the King bell | 1953 (cast steel) | 180 cm | 3010 kg | h 0 |
| II | Marienbell | 1953 (cast steel) | 151 cm | 1750 kg | d ' |
| III | Matthew Bell | 1953 (cast steel) | 135 cm | 1230 kg | e ' |
| IV | St. John's Bell | 1932 (bronze) | fis' |
Trivia
The musician and presenter Giovanni Zarrella married his wife Jana Ina on September 3, 2005 in St. Matthew's Church. Ross Antony attended the ceremony .
See also
swell
- Parish council of the parish, Horst Ponert, Hartmut Spöcker: Festschrift 100 Years of the Catholic Parish Church of St. Matthew Bad Sobernheim (1898-1998). Bad Sobernheim 1998
- Catholic parish Bad Sobernheim, Dean Günter Hardt, Dr. Jens Wüsten, Dipl. Designer Nadine Kampa: Festschrift The restored Körfer organ St. Matthäus Bad Sobernheim. Bad Sobernheim 2012
Individual evidence
- ↑ https://www.katholisch.de/aktuelles/aktuelle-artikel/ab-2020-das-haben-die-ersten-gropfarrei-in-trier
Web links
Coordinates: 49 ° 50 ′ 34.7 " N , 7 ° 51 ′ 49" E