Georg Kalkbrenner

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Georg Kalkbrenner

Georg Rudolf Reinhold Kalkbrenner (* December 20, 1875 in Dammer ; † May 18, 1956 in Lübeck ) was the Hanseatic City's Senator for Finance and was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit .

Life

origin

Georg was born as the son of the gentleman from Gut Drammer, Reinhold Kalkbrenner, near Oels in the Prussian province of Silesia .

career

Kalkbrenner attended elementary school in Dammer and the Oelser grammar school . He studied political science at the Silesian Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität , the Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität zu Berlin , the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen and the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg . In addition to commercial and administrative law, in particular economics in the narrower sense, social policy and finance . Beginning in 1899 received his doctorate he in Freiburg magna cum laude for Doctor of Political Sciences .

After completing his studies, Kalkbrenner had been a member of the Lübeck Chamber of Commerce's secretariat and the board of the Lübeck merchants since March 1899, under the direction of Syndikus Siewert . First he was as a volunteer , then as a research assistant . Since 1902 he was the second secretary of the Chamber of Commerce and since the death of the syndic on January 26, 1904, he was the first secretary . He was to become the mentor of Erich Wallroth, who had been working in the chamber since 1903 . In 1906 the Lübeck Senate awarded him the title of “Syndic” on the basis of his memorandum “On the German-Swedish trade agreement” .

In 1899 Kalkbrenner was a member of the Lübeckische Blätter , which is the organ of the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities , and was a member of its editorial committee from 1906 to 1911 . He later became a member of the Hanseatic History Association , the Possehl Foundation and the German Foreign Society.

Beginning of a Senate meeting

On December 16, 1907, the Senate and the citizenship elected the Chamber of Commerce syndicus Kalkbrenner in plenary to replace Senator Klug in the Senate . This was a novelty because the elected was never a member of the citizenry, not a lawyer and was only 32 years old. For the first time, the prevailing custom that all scholarly senate members should be taken from that of the jurists was broken. The Public opinion , however, saw the election as a particularly happy, practical and hopeful to. It was above all the merchants who welcomed this choice. It was a supplement to the state leadership by the tried and tested person of someone who had grown into the Lübeck community through trade and industry . Consequently it was nothing more than the logical consequence of the modern development of the Free State .

Kalkbrenner was a member of the finance departments and the accounting authority. He was also responsible for the seafaring school and the department for the insane asylum and was a member of the Commission for Commerce and Shipping .

On March 1, 1910, a company called "Heimstätten-Gesellschaft mb H." was launched in Lübeck with the aim of providing less well-off families with apartments with larger gardens. The houses were later to become the property of the residents. Initially, only a few experimental buildings were planned. The non-profit character of the company was ensured through statutory provisions on the level of interest on the total capital and the shareholders' voting rights on the sale of shares. Kalkbrenner was a board member of the company from the start.

In the First World War Kalkbrenner enlisted as a lieutenant of the Reserve in August 1914 voluntarily to the army and served in the 3rd Guards Regiment on foot from Berlin . As his first lieutenant , he was awarded the Lübeck Hanseatic Cross on September 25, 1915 by his new home town . During his three years of service at the front , he was seriously wounded. During his absence in the Senate, he handed over his business as State Commissioner at the stock exchange to the former Stock Exchange Commissioner Fehling , and his chairmanship of the Customs Commission to Senator Lienau .

Kalkbrenner, who remained the junior of the Senate until 1918, grew up during the democratization of the state, the new Lübeck constitution came into force in 1920, and rose to the position he was to hold until his death. After the war it was initially his task, the trade relations of Lübeck into abroad , especially in the countries of the North to re- establish . He founded the Nordic Society and took over its management. With the Nordic Week organized by her in 1921 , his efforts were successful.

From 1919 Kalkbrenner was chairman of the commission for trade and shipping and a member of the commission for imperial and foreign affairs . Kalkbrenner became Lübeck's deputy railway commissioner in 1921. As a member of the financial authority (before the war finance department), when the non-party chairman of the authority, Senator Neumann , was elected mayor of the city, he also became chairman of the authority and led the city through the inflation in 1923 and the deflationary 1931 . From 1920 to 1923 he served as Permanent deputy of the mayor, of the Permanent Representative was of Lubeck, in in Berlin located Imperial Council . When Senator Strack , who held this position as senior officer in the Lübeck Senate, died in 1930, Kalkbrenner, now senior senior officer , was again the permanent deputy there .

In 1933, Senator Geister's proposal that the Senate resign on March 6th, allegedly only because of Kalkbrenner's vote, failed . In consultation with the National Socialists, he would have pushed his colleagues from the social democratic and left-liberal camp, including Mayor Paul Löwigt , out of office. At the same time, he heaved Walther Schröder into the office of police officers with two bourgeois conservative senators . He resigned on May 12, 1933 "voluntarily" his office as a member of the Senate of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. down and retired. At the same time he declared that he would make his work available on a voluntary basis for the transition.

In retirement he served with his experienced advice and also in the field of housing industry and housing development . He had already devoted himself to this in the Lübeck Heimstätten Society , which he founded before the First World War , which provided less well-off families with healthy and functional apartments in specially built houses. He was also chairman of its supervisory board in retirement . From the outbreak of World War II he was reactivated as city treasurer.

After the collapse towards the end of the World War, Kalkbrenner was once again entrusted with the task of re-establishing Lübeck's international relations, as had been the case after the First World War. In connection with this, the German foreign company was established in October 1949 . Kalkbrenner became the first chairman of the bilateral non-governmental organization for international understanding and cultural exchange. In addition, from 1945 until his retirement in 1951, Kalkbrenner again took over the management of the financial administration of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck.

The Schleswig-Holstein Prime Minister Luebke recorded Kalkbrenner on January 31, 1954, to mark the 70th birthday of the President of that conferred on him the Grand Cross of Merit in Kiel country house particularly deserved professional of municipal finance and the general local government from.

On the occasion of his 80th birthday, on December 18, 1955, Kalkbrenner received the Bene Merenti commemorative coin from Ehrtmann, the only remaining highest distinction of the once free city awarded to him by Mayor Passarge .

Honorary grave of the Kalkbrenners

When Kalkbrenner died in 1956, Lübeck raised its flags to half-mast . He was given an honorary grave in the Burgtorfriedhof .

Kalkbrenner's above-mentioned political action in 1933 emerged from a report presented by an intergroup of the city in 2015. The report examined historically and scientifically people after whom Lübeck streets are named. One of the arguments in favor of Kalkbrenner is that one understands his actions from the context. So “ Günter Grass will be remembered as a man of letters” and “not as one who belonged to the Waffen SS at the age of 17 ”. The motion of the Greens Carl Howe in the building committee for a renaming of Kalkbrennerstraße in the St. Jürgen district failed because the stalemate of seven votes for and against was not sufficient. However, since the SPD and the pirate signaled their approval for the request to withdraw Kalkbrenner's honorary citizenship 60 years after the granting, Carl Howe forwarded it there.

The Lübeckische citizenship chose Kalkbrenner 1951 to his life's work to correspondingly on 29 October appreciate , to honor citizens but the city, the honor guarantees recognized him on 26 November 2015, 28 to 20 votes again. Kalkbrenner thus belongs to the group of those who have been deprived of their honorary citizenship of Lübeck. Other "members" of this group were Adolf Hitler , Wilhelm Frick , Hermann Göring and Alfred Rosenberg .

family

Kalkbrenner married Ida-Elisabeth, née Meyer, (* 1893; † 1982). The marriage would result in a son, Jürgen. He left Lübeck as a doctor of law.

Award

Medal of honor of the Lübeck Chamber of Commerce

On the occasion of the 25th return on the day of his election to the Senate, the former Chamber of Commerce syndic presented its President on December 16, 1932 with the medal in gold as the highest award of the Lübeck Chamber of Commerce to honor Kalkbrenner's services over the previous 33 years.

This was the direct care of Lübeck's trade, industry and shipping in its first nine years in the city. He applied his competence to the domestic economy in the field of trade and transport policy and brought him election to the senatorial office. In the Senate Administration he worked for 25 years, especially in the Commission for Trade and Shipping and the tax authorities, took over their chairmanship in difficult times and saved the Lübeck economy from severe damage.

literature

  • Senator Georg Rudolf Reinhold Kalkbrenner, Doctor of Political Science. In: Lübeckische Blätter . 49th vol., Number 51, 22 December 1907, pp. 723-724.
  • Senator Dr. H. Kalkbrenner. In: From Lübeck's towers . 17th year, No. 52, December 28, 1907, p. 416.
  • Senator Dr. Lime burner. In: Father-city sheets . No. 52, December 29, 1907, p. 205.
  • Emil Ferdinand Fehling : Lübeck Council Line. Lübeck 1925, no.1033.
  • Gerhard Schneider : Endangering and Loss of Statehood of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck and its Consequences. Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 1986, ISBN 3-7950-0452-7 , pp. 79-82 (on 1933).
  • Gerhard Schneider : Kalkbrenner, Georg Rudolf Reinhold. In: Lübeck résumés. Neumünster 1993, pp. 196-198.
  • Joachim Lilla : The Reichsrat: Representation of the German states in the legislation and administration of the Reich 1919–1934 a biographical manual with the involvement of the Federal Council Nov. 1918 - Febr. 1919 and the State Committee Feb. - Aug. 1919. Droste, Düsseldorf 2006, ISBN 3-7700-5279-X , pp. 126-127.
  • Karl-Ernst Sinner: Tradition and Progress. Senate and Mayor of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck 1918–2007 (= publications on the history of the Hanseatic city of Lübeck. Series B. Volume 46). Ed. Archives of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck , Lübeck 2008, pp. 124–126.

Web links

Commons : Georg Kalkbrenner  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The effects of commercial contracts. Dissertation .
  2. ↑ Dr. jur. Erich Wallroth. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1919/20, no. 23, edition of August 15, 1920, pp. 89–90.
  3. ↑ a b Senator i. R. Dr. Kalkbrenner, honorary citizen of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Vol. 87, number 14, November 4, 1951, pp. 183-184.
  4. ↑ According to the Lübeck constitution, the Senate had eight scholarly members. Only six of them had to be lawyers, but by then they were all lawyers.
  5. ↑ Local Notes. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Vol. 62, number 10, March 6, 1910, p. 162.
  6. ↑ Senator Dr. Lime burner. In: Lübeck advertisements. Volume 164, edition A, evening sheet no.436, August 29, 1914.
  7. ^ Lübeck State Constitution of May 23, 1920 at www.verfassungen.de , accessed on April 19, 2019.
  8. ↑ a b c Lübeck mourns Senator Kalkbrenner. In: Lübecker Nachrichten . Volume 11, number 116, May 19, 1956, p. 3.
  9. ↑ a b Senator i. R. Dr. Lime burner, 75 years old. In: Lübeckische Blätter. 86th vol., Number 21, 24 December 1950, p. 325.
  10. ↑ Senator Dr. Kalkbrenner for honorable memory. In: Lübeckische Blätter. 91st vol. 10, May 27, 1956, pp. 128-129.
  11. ↑ a b Kalkbrenner no longer an honorary citizen? In: Lübecker Nachrichten. 70th year, 48th week, number 274, November 24, 2015, p. 15.
  12. ↑ Father-city sheets. Number 72, May 27, 1933, p. 15.
  13. ^ Martin Herold: German foreign company in the Hoghehus. In: Lübeckische Blätter. 175th year, number 13, July 3, 2010, pp. 223-224.
  14. ↑ 34 Schleswig-Holsteiners awarded the Cross of Merit. In: Lübecker Nachrichten. Volume 11, number 27, February 2, 1954, p. 7.
  15. ↑ Famous tombs, crypts and mausoleums
  16. ↑ Withdrawal of honorary citizenship
  17. ↑ Senator Dr. Kalkbrenner 1907–1932. In: Lübeckische Blätter. Volume 74, number 51, December 18, 1932, pp. 725-726.
  18. ↑ What the order was in a monarchical state has been a simple commemorative coin in a state like the Lübeck one, which was based on self-administration. Three such medals are awarded in Lübeck. The first was awarded by the Senate, the second by the Chamber of Commerce and the third by the Society for the Promotion of Charitable Activities .
personal data
SURNAME Kalkbrenner, Georg
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kalkbrenner, Georg Rudolf Reinhold (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Finance Senator of the Hanseatic City and is a holder of the Great Federal Cross of Merit
DATE OF BIRTH December 20, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Dammer
DATE OF DEATH May 18, 1956
Place of death Lübeck